scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Biochemical Properties of the Juice of Two Varieties of Sweet Potato Grown in the North of Côte d’Ivoire During a Fermentation Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 747-753
Author(s):  
MOROH Jean-Luc Aboya ◽  
KOKORA Aya Philomène ◽  
KARAMOKO Detto ◽  
KAMATE Moustapha ◽  
UATTARA Kiyinma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
The North ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Yellow Flesh

Like cassava flour for making “attiéké” (cassava semolina), the sweet potato tuber, after grinding followed by pressing, produces flour and juice. The present work aims to enhance this juice from the sweet potato by a fermentation which leads to an alcoholic drink. The process consists of five steps including juice extraction, gelation, enzymatic hydrolysis by millet malt, pasteurization and fermentation. We have followed the evolution of some chemical and biochemical parameter at each step of the process. The results indicate that enzymatic hydrolysis with millet malt increases the reducing sugar level by 10 times which was 0.074 g/ml ± 0.013 and 0.041 mg/ml ± 0.011 respectively for white-fleshed sweet potato and yellow flesh after extraction. However, the process drops the vitamin C level from 0.1 mg / ml ± 0.013 of white-fleshed potato juice and 0.05 mg / ml ± 0.002 of yellow-fleshed potato juice to 6.6 10-3 mg/ml ± 1.9.10-3 and 5.9.10-3 mg / ml ± 0.8.10-3 in the same order. The optimal production of alcohol during fermentation is obtained with a concentration of 40 mg / L of yeast to reach an alcohol level of 5.56% ± 0.1 and 4.60% ± 0.1 respectively for the potatoes. sweet with yellow flesh and white flesh after 6 hours.

scholarly journals Bioethanol Production from Enzymatic Hydrolyzates of Pretreated Flaxseed Meals by Baker’s Yeast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAHELI GHOSAL ◽  
JAYATI BHOWAL
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Baker’S Yeast ◽  
Baker's Yeast ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Flaxseed Meal

Abstract The present study investigated the usefulness of flaxseed meals as a novel feedstock for the production of bioethanol. The proximate composition of the flaxseed meal was carried out before the pretreatment of the flaxseed meal. In this study, flaxseed meal was pretreated with dilute acid, alkali, and aqueous for disruption of lignocellulosic compounds. The acid pretreated flaxseed meal was used for enzymatic hydrolysis by different enzymes (cellulase, α-amylase, and cellulase combined with α-amylase) for better release of reducing sugar. The cellulose conversion to reducing sugar was significantly higher for acid pretreated flaxseed meals. After enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase, cellulose conversions to reducing sugars were found to be significantly higher than those of α-amylase and cellulase combined with α-amylase. The bioethanol production was also investigated. The fermentation process was carried out by using baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with the acid pretreated flaxseed meal enzymatic hydrolyzate. Maximum ethanol production (0.11 g/l) was achieved from the fermented medium obtained from the acid pretreated flaxseed meal followed by enzymatic hydrolysis by using cellulase enzyme. The structural analysis of bioethanol was also investigated by FTIR.

Bioethanol Production from Sweet Potato Using Combination of Acid and Enzymatic Hydrolysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 1767-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Putri Lily Surayya ◽  
Nasrulloh ◽  
Haris Abdul
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Process

Indonesia is rich in natural resources, including source of biofuel such as sweet potato starch. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL) has a starch content of 22.4% which could be converted to sugar through hydrolysis process in order to yield ehtanol. This study aimed to examine the optimize ethanol yielded from starch of sweet potatoes using combination of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. It used 0.5 HCl which combined with eachAspergillus flavusandAspergillusniger,and mixture of both microbes for acid and enzymatic hydrolysis process. The highest sugar content resulted in hydrolysis process was fermented for 24, 48, and 72 hours to yield maximum ethanol. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (Anova). The highest reducing sugar produced by combination of HCl andAspergillus nigerwas 12.61% (w/v). The highest ethanol produced was 46.17% (v/v) in 72 hours fermentation time.

The Effect of Mixed Culture of Zymomonas mobilis and Pichia stipitis in Ethanol Production of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata)

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Anastasia Sandra Dewi ◽  
Richie Andyllo Stevanus ◽  
Maria Amelia Sandra ◽  
Dennis Farina Nury ◽  
Lily Pudjiastuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Organosolv Pretreatment ◽  
Mixed Culture Fermentation ◽  
Single Culture

In this study the effect of mixed culture of Zymomonasmobilis and Pichia stipitis to produce bioethanol from Solid Waste Arenga pinnata (SWAP) was investigated. The fermentation liquid substrate was resulted from an integrated process of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Combination of diluted acid and ethanol organosolv pretreatment was used to increase the SWAP lignin removal. Raw pretreatment was used to decrease the SWAP particle size to 200 mesh. Acid pretreatment was done using 5% (v/v) diluted sulfate acid. Acid pretreated SWAP was treated for 65 min with organosolv pretreatment. Enzymatic hydrolysis by a combination of cellulase and xylanase was done for 48 h to convert cellulose into reducing sugar. The surfactants (Tween 80) addition was done to increase the sugar yield of the hydrolysis process. Fermentation variable consist of single culture of Z. mobilis as the control and mixed culture of Z. mobilis and P. stipitis, the microorganisms used to convert glucose and xylose into ethanol. The number of inoculum used in this experiment was more than 1.4 billion cells and the duration of fermentation process was 72 h. The delignification process decreased 95.43% lignin in SWAP. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis assay showed an increase of crystallinity index of SWAP with pretreatment combination to 37.87%. Enzymatic hydrolysis by a combination of cellulase and xylanase with the addition of Tween 80 produced 9.16 gr glucose/L reducing sugar concentration. The highest ethanol resulted by fermentation process using mixed culture of Z. mobilis and P. stipitis with 0.33% (v/v) ethanol concentration and 0.57 (g ethanol/g reducing sugar) ethanol yield. Fermentation process using single culture Z. mobilis resulted 0.28% (v/v) ethanol concentration, and 0.48 (g ethanol/g reducing sugar) ethanol yield. The mixed culture fermentation with Z. mobilis and P. stipitis resulted ethanol yield 19 % higher than the single culture fermentation using Z. mobilis.

scholarly journals Plant Extract Valorization of Melissa officinalis L. for Agroindustrial Purposes through Their Biochemical Properties and Biological Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mouna Souihi ◽  
Rayda Ben Ayed ◽  
Imen Trabelsi ◽  
Marwa Khammassi ◽  
Nadia Ben Brahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
The North ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is one of the rare medicinal plants in Tunisia. It was found only in two sites in the north of Tunisia with a small number of plants. The study of germination under the NaCl and PEG effect showed that Tunisian lemon balm seeds were sensitive to saline and osmotic stress. Morphological and biochemical characterizations of Tunisian M. officinalis were performed. Results showed that the Tunisian populations presented plants with long, broad leaves and weak branching. The major constituent in leaf essential oil was germacrene-D with a percentage ranging from 29.17 to 24.6%, and the major fatty acids were polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid, ranging from 73.93 to 66.74%. The phenolic content of M. officinalis extract varied significantly among origins which could explain the high variation in antiradical scavenging activity. The evaluation of allelopathic activities showed that the extract of the lemon balm leaves presented an allelopathic effect with the majority of the tested seeds.

Biochemical study of attached macroalgae from the Madeira Archipelago and beach-cast macroalgae from the Canary Islands: multivariate analysis to determine bioresource potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-298
Author(s):  
Nuno Nunes ◽  
Sofia Valente ◽  
Sónia Ferraz ◽  
Maria Carmo Barreto ◽  
Miguel A.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
The North ◽  
Madeira Archipelago ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Beach Cast

AbstractFifteen attached macroalgae from the Madeira Archipelago, comprising three green, three red and nine brown algal species, as well as two beach-cast macroalgal samples, collected along the north shore of Gran Canaria, were assessed for their biochemical properties. The analysis included the determination of total minerals, total carbohydrates, protein, lipids, chlorophyll a, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, fucoxanthin and phycobilins (allophycocyanin, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin). The results showed a high variability of biochemical composition, allowing for the targetting of specific bioresources for particular purposes, including functional foods. This work provides the foundation for a biorefinery strategy implementation plan, for which specific macroalgae may be targeted for valuable and beneficial compounds.

Optimization of Fermentable Sugar Production from Pineapple Leaf Waste (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr) by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Yohanita Restu Widihastuty ◽  
Sutini Sutini ◽  
Aida Nur Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Optimum Operating Condition ◽  
Operating Condition ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme

Pineapple leaf waste is one agricultural waste that has high cellulose content. Pineapple leaf waste's complex structure contains a bundle of packed fiber that makes it hard to remove lignin and hemicellulose structure, so challenging to produce reducing sugar. Dried pineapple leaf waste pretreated with a grinder to break its complex structure. Delignification process using 2% w/v NaOH solution at 87oC for 60 minutes has been carried out to remove lignin and hemicellulose structure so reducing sugar could be produced. Delignified pineapple leaf waste has been enzymatic hydrolyzed using cellulase enzyme (6 mL, 7 mL, and 8 mL) to produce reducing sugar. The sample was incubated in an incubator shaker at 155 rpm at 45, 55, and 60oC for 72 hours. Determination of reducing sugar yield had been carried out using the Dubois method and HPLC. The model indicated that the optimum operating condition of enzymatic hydrolysis is 7 mL of cellulase enzyme at 55oC to produce 96,673 mg/L reducing sugar. This result indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysis operating condition improved the reducing sugar yield from pineapple leaf waste. The optimum reducing sugar yield can produce biofuel by the saccharification process.

Evaluation Of Filter Cake Oil As Antifoam In Yeast Production. New Use For This By-Product Of The Sugarcane Derivatives Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indira Pérez Bermúdez ◽  
Arletis Cruz Llerena ◽  
Keyla Tortoló Cabañas ◽  
Manuel Díaz de los Ríos ◽  
Miguel Ángel Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Solubility Parameters ◽  
Knock Down ◽  
Knockdown Effect ◽  
Fodder Yeast ◽  
Effective Product

Abstract Purpuse: Fodder yeast is obtained in an aerobic fermentation process where foaming is a major problem to be solved. In this article, the antifoam property of crude and purified filter cake oil is evaluated in order to use this residual as an alternative to replace the import of commercial antifoam agents and to reduce the production costs of fodder yeastMethod: Knock down test and the comparisons with two commercial antifoam agents were done. Blackstrap molasses medium at 20 and 40 g/L of total reducing sugar was used. All products were studied in their pure form and commercial ones also in dilutions 1:2 and 1:5 v/v. Hansen's solubility parameters (HSPs) to analyze the affinity of each defoamer for yeast were determined.Results: It was obtained the crude and purified filter cake oil showed similar behavior to commercial defoamers with an immediate antifoam effect, removing between 40 and 60% of the initial foam at both sugar concentrations in the first 5 minutes. The regression model showed purified filter cake oil has the greatest knockdown effect (Ca = 55.85 and 74.32) and with greater foam suppression stability the commercial defoamer Quimifoam Máster (Cb = -0.69 and -1.38). Ra values obtained in HSPs test, indicated the affinity of defoamers to the medium. Conclusion: Purified filter cake oil is an effective product for its use as an antifoam with the best knock down effect for both concentrations of sugars in the medium. The determination of HSPs corroborates the effectiveness of this product to suppress foam.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Produksi Gula Pereduksi dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Praperlakuan Asam Organik pada Reaktor Bertekanan

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Fahriya Puspita Sari ◽  
Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat ◽  
Sita Heris Anita ◽  
Fitria Fitria ◽  
Euis Hermiati
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Severity Factor

ENHANCEMENT OF REDUCING SUGAR PRODUCTION FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH BY PRETREATMENT USING ORGANIC ACID IN PRESSURIZED REACTOR. Organic acids are potential to create more environmentally friendly process in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of organic acid pretreatment in reducing sugar production in a pressurized reactor with various resident times and temperatures on enzymatic hydrolysis of OPEFB. Two different organic acids (maleic acid and oxalic acid) were used in the pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) using a pressurized reactor. Factorial design using three different temperatures (170, 180, and 190°C) and four resident times (15, 30, 45, and 60 min) were employed, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. Each condition conducted two repetitions. Analysis was conducted on the reducing sugar that was produced after saccharification by means of the severity factor of each pretreatment condition. Maleic acid showed higher reducing sugar yield with lower severity factor than oxalic acid with the same operating conditions. The highest yield of reducing sugars (80.84%) was obtained using maleic acid at 170 for 60 minutes with severity factor of 1.836. Keywords: bioethanol; organic acid pretreatment; pressurized reactor; severity factor; oil palm empty fruit bunches;   Abstrak Asam organik berpotensi dalam membantu proses praperlakuan dari biomassa lignoselulosa untuk memproduksi bioetanol yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh asam organik, suhu dan waktu operasi terhadap produksi gula pereduksi dengan reaktor bertekanan pada tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Dua asam organik yang berbeda yaitu asam oksalat dan asam maleat digunakan untuk proses praperlakuan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dengan bantuan reaktor bertekanan. Dalam proses praperlakuan digunakan tiga suhu yang berbeda yaitu suhu 170, 180, dan 190°C dan empat waktu operasi 15, 30, 45, dan 60 min yang dilanjutkan dengan proses hidrolisis enzimatis. Setiap kondisi dilakukan dua kali pengulangan. Analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa uji gula pereduksi dan severity factor pada kondisi tiap praperlakuan. Asam maleat menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dengan severity factor yang lebih rendah dibandingkan menggunakan asam oksalat dengan kondisi operasi yang sama. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa praperlakuan tandan kosong kelapa sawit dengan bantuan reaktor bertekanan memiliki rendemen gula pereduksi optimum sebesar 80,84% dengan menggunakan asam maleat pada suhu 170°C selama 60 menit dengan severity factor sebesar 1,836. Kata kunci: bioetanol; praperlakuan asam organik; reaktor bertekanan; severity factor; tandan kosong kelapa sawit.

scholarly journals Enzymatic hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch to produce reducing sugar and its kinetic Hidrolisis enzimatik tandan kosong kelapa sawit untuk menghasilkan gula pereduksi dan kinetikanya

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera BARLIANTI ◽  
Deliana DAHNUM ◽  
. MURYANTO ◽  
Eka TRIWAHYUNI ◽  
Yosi ARISTIAWAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
First Order ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstrak Sebagai salah satu Negara penghasil minyak kelapa sawit mentah (CPO), Indonesia juga menghasilkan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dalam jumlah besar. TKKS terdiri dari-tiga-komponen utama, yaitu selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin. Pengolahan awal TKKS secara alkalindi ikuti dengan hidrolisis TKKS secara enzimatik menggunakan kombinasi enzim selulase dan β-glukosidase akan menghasilkan gula-gula yang mudah difermentasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi substrat, kon-sentrasi enzim, dan suhu selama proses hidrolisis berlangsung.  Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi gula maksimum (194,78 g/L) dicapai pada konsentrasi TKKS 20% (b/v), konsentrasi campuran enzim yang terdiri dari selulase dan β-1,4 glukosidase sebesar 3,85% (v/v), dan suhu 50oC. Perbandingan antara selulase dan β-1,4 glukosidase adalah 5:1 dengan masing-masing aktivitas enzim sebesar 144.5 FPU/mL dan 63 FPU/mL. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa model kinetika yang sesuai untuk proses hidrolisis TKKS secara enzimatik adalah model kinetika Shen dan Agblevor dengan reakside aktivasi enzim orde satu.  Hasil ini mendukung studi kelayakan ekonomi dalam pemanfaatan TKKS untuk produksi bioetanol.AbstractAs one of the crude palm oil producers, Indonesia also produces empty fruit bunches (EFB)in large quantities. The oil palm EFB consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Alkaline pretreatment of EFB, followed by enzymatic hydro-lysis of cellulose using combination of cellulase and β-glucosidase enzymes produce fermentable sugars. This paper reported the effects of substrate loading, enzyme concentration, and temperature of hydrolysis process on reducing sugar production. The  maximum  sugar  concentration (194.78 g/L) was produced at 50oC using 20% (w/v) EFB and 3.85% (v/v) mixed enzymes of cellulase and β-1,4 glucosidase in volume ratio of 5:1 (v/v), with enzyme activity of 144.5 FPU/mL and 63 FPU/mL, respectively. The results also showed that the suitable kinetic model for enzymatic hydrolysis process of oil palm EFB follow Shen and Agblevor model with first order of enzyme deactivation. These results support the economic feasibility study in utilization of EFB of oil palm for bioethanol production.    

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