scholarly journals Benthic animal contribution to cellulose breakdown in sediments of mangrove estuaries in the southwestern islands of Japan

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Kyohei Yamada ◽  
Shingo Maegawa ◽  
Haruhiko Toyohara
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Animal ◽  
Cellulose Breakdown

Cellulose Breakdown

2014 ◽  
Vol 081 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Greenler ◽  
Leith Nye ◽  
Travis Tangen
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Breakdown

scholarly journals Measuring the Flow of Energy and Matter in Marine Benthic Animal Populations

2007 ◽  
pp. 326-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Van der Meer ◽  
C. H. Heip ◽  
P. J. M. Herman ◽  
T. Moens ◽  
D. van Oevelen
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Animal ◽  
Animal Populations

scholarly journals Lignocellulosic Composites Prepared Utilizing Aqueous Alkaline/Urea Solutions with Cold Temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Brent Tisserat ◽  
Zengshe Liu ◽  
Luke M. Haverhals
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Osage Orange ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Cellulose Breakdown ◽  
Matrix Concentration ◽  
Solvent Volume ◽  
Agave Fibers

Lignocellulosic composites (LCs) were fabricated by partially dissolving cotton to create a matrix that was reinforced with osage orange wood (OOW) particles and/or blue agave fibers (AF). LCs were composed of 15–35% cotton matrix and 65–85% OWW/AF reinforcement. The matrix was produced by soaking cotton wool in a cold aqueous alkaline/urea solvent and was stirred for 15 minutes at 350 rpm to create a viscous gel. The gel was then reinforced with lignocellulosic components, mixed, and then pressed into a panel mold. LC panels were soaked in water to remove the aqueous solvent and then oven dried to obtain the final LC product. Several factors involved in the preparation of these LCs were examined including reaction temperatures (−5 to −15°C), matrix concentration (15–35% cotton), aqueous solvent volume (45–105 ml/panel), and the effectiveness of employing various aqueous solvent formulations. The mechanical properties of LCs were determined and reported. Conversion of the cotton into a suitable viscous gel was critical in order to obtain LCs that exhibited high mechanical properties. LCs with the highest mechanical properties were obtained when the cotton wools were subjected to a 4.6% LiOH/15% urea solvent at −12.5°C using an aqueous solvent volume of 60 ml/panel. Cotton wool subjected to excessive cold alkaline solvents volumes resulted in irreversible cellulose breakdown and a resultant LC that exhibited poor mechanical properties.

The Indices of Diversity of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in the Danshui River of Dongjiang (China)

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Wang ◽  
Jian Xia Wang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Amena Hasan ◽  
Yu Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Health Evaluation ◽  
River Health ◽  
Benthic Animal ◽  
Chemical Pollutants ◽  
Animal Community ◽  
Danshui River

The benthic animal community was examinesd in Danshui River of Dongjiang in November 2013. The river health evaluation system was established, a more comprehensive evaluation of Dongjiang water quality, for the reference in chemical pollutants control and administration.

Trace fossils in Ordovician radiolarian chert successions in the Southern Uplands, Scotland

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Kakuwa ◽  
James D. Floyd
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Animal Life ◽  
Radiolarian Chert ◽  
Benthic Animal ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Firm Evidence ◽  
Benthic Animals

ABSTRACTRadiolarian chert and associated siliceous claystone in the Southern Uplands of Scotland are examined, in order to study the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event of benthic animals on the pelagic ocean bottom. Trace fossils which are uncommon, but convincing, are found in the grey chert and siliceous claystone of Gripps Cleuch. These observations constitute firm evidence that large benthic animals which could leave visible trace fossils had colonised the Iapetan Ocean by the late Middle Ordovician, confirming previous studies from Australia for Panthalassa, the other huge ocean. Red chert is, however, a poor recorder of trace fossils, probably because the highly oxidising environment breaks down organic matter, both inhibiting high-density activity of large benthic animals and removing clear traces of benthic animal life.

scholarly journals MỐI QUAN HỆ GIỮA ĐỘNG VẬT ĐÁY CÓ GIÁ TRỊ KINH TẾ CHỦ YẾU VỚI ĐẶC TRƯNG SINH THÁI CỦA ĐẦM THỊ NẠI, VIỆT NAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Phan Duc Ngai ◽  
Vo Si Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Sandy Sediment ◽  
Bivalve Species ◽  
Muddy Sand ◽  
Benthic Animal ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Sand Sediments

Relations between economic zoobenthos species and ecological characteristics of Thi Nai lagoon were reported as results of three surveys carried out during 2014–2015. The results have pointed out 11 zoobenthos species that have primarily economic value at the Thi Nai lagoon (5 bivalve species, 5 crustacea species and 1 gastropoda species). Bivalve group possesses 91% of the entire commercial yield of benthic animal (7,456.9 tons/year), in which Glauconome chinensis and Gari elongata possess dominatingly (possess 90% of the entire commercial yield of bivalves: 6,817 tons/year). Bivalve and gastropoda groups were found in correlation with sandy sediment and mangroves but crustacea group was found in correlation with muddy sand sediments and seagrass. The results of this study will conntribute the scientific basis for further studies on the trophic relationship, food web and data for planning, zoning and appropriate exploitation of fisheries resources.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF BENTHIC ANIMAL RESOURCES AT THE DE GI LAGOON, BINH DINH PROVINCE

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Duc Ngai ◽  
Vo Si Tuan ◽  
Nguyen Van Long ◽  
Hua Thai Tuyen ◽  
Phan Thi Kim Hong
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Animal ◽  
Animal Resources

scholarly journals Importance of Defluviitalea raffinosedens for Hydrolytic Biomass Degradation in Co-Culture with Hungateiclostridium thermocellum

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Regina Rettenmaier ◽  
Martina Schneider ◽  
Bernhard Munk ◽  
Michael Lebuhn ◽  
Sebastian Jünemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Cellulose Breakdown ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
Reactor Operating ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Bacterial hydrolysis of polysaccharides is an important step for the production of sustainable energy, for example during the conversion of plant biomass to methane-rich biogas. Previously, Hungateiclostridium thermocellum was identified as cellulolytic key player in thermophilic biogas microbiomes with a great frequency as an accompanying organism. The aim of this study was to physiologically characterize a recently isolated co-culture of H. thermocellum and the saccharolytic bacterium Defluviitalea raffinosedens from a laboratory-scale biogas fermenter. The characterization focused on cellulose breakdown by applying the measurement of cellulose hydrolysis, production of metabolites, and the activity of secreted enzymes. Substrate degradation and the production of volatile metabolites was considerably enhanced when both organisms acted synergistically. The metabolic properties of H. thermocellum have been studied well in the past. To predict the role of D. raffinosedens in this bacterial duet, the genome of D. raffinosedens was sequenced for the first time. Concomitantly, to deduce the prevalence of D. raffinosedens in anaerobic digestion, taxonomic composition and transcriptional activity of different biogas microbiomes were analyzed in detail. Defluviitalea was abundant and metabolically active in reactor operating at highly efficient process conditions, supporting the importance of this organism for the hydrolysis of the raw substrate.

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