scholarly journals Examination of free and forced oscillations of open thin-wall reinforced concrete shells

Author(s):  
Евгений Олегович Сысоев ◽  
Комилджон Кахорович Кахоров ◽  
Олег Евгеньевич Сысоев ◽  
Екатерина Викторовна Журавлева

Тонкостенные цилиндрические оболочки, выполненные из железобетона, широко используется в качестве покрытий зданий и сооружений. Тонкостенные оболочки могут перекрывать большие пролёты и создавать большие закрытые помещения без дополнительных опор, обладают оптимальной формой и хорошими технико-экономическими показателями. В настоящее время при проектировании зданий и сооружений не производятся специальные расчёты на возникновение резонансных явлений, отсутствуют расчетные модели и недостаточно экспериментальных данных. При этом тонкостенные оболочки очень чувствительны к внешним воздействиям (ветровые и снеговые нагрузки), вызывающие вынужденные колебания, которые приводят к разрушению конструкции. К примеру, в 2004 г. трагедия в «Трансвааль-парке» г. Москва унесла жизни 28 человек, более 100 получили ранения; в 2010 г. на стадионе в Миннесоте (США) обрушилась одна из секций крыши, завалив трибуну; в 2015 г. авария строящегося резервуара на нефтезаводе в г. Комсомольске-на-Амуре, возникшая из-за колебаний от ветровых нагрузок; в 2015 г. кровля крытого катка (с. Верх-Ирмень Новосибирской обл.) не выдержала совместных ветровых и снеговых нагрузок; в 2017 г. произошел обвал крыши школы в п. Мурино; в 2018 г. деформации крыши строящегося катка г. Истра носили катастрофический характер. Целью теоретических расчетов и проведения экспериментов с железобетонными оболочками с разными модулями упругости заключается в обеспечении надежности при эксплуатации здания и сооружения и исключения аварийных ситуаций, возникающих при резонансных явлениях свободных колебаний оболочек от воздействия внешних сил (нагрузок). В статье приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований по определению спектров вынужденных и свободных колебания, частот и форм колебаний разомкнутых оболочек от внешних воздействий. Рассматривается теоретический расчёт разомкнутой оболочки на основе уравнений теории пологих тонкостенных оболочек с использованием метода Бубнова-Галеркина, с помощью которого определены влияние параметров оболочки на процессы свободного колебания. Получены данные зависимости спектра колебаний от класса бетона - из этих результатов можно сделать вывод, что с увеличением класса бетона уменьшаются средние показатели частот колебания, а первоначальные показатели частот колебаний почти затухают. Thin-walled cylindrical shells made of reinforced concrete are widely used as coatings of buildings and structures. Thin-walled shells can cover large flights and create more closure of the room without additional supports, with optimal shape and good techno-econmic indicators. At present, the design of buildings and structures does not make special calculations for the occurrence of resonance phenomena, absence of design models and insufficient experimental data. At the same time thin-walled shells are very sensitive to external effects (wind and snow loads) causing forced fluctuations, which lead to the destruction of the structure. For example in 2004 tragedy in Transvaal Park in Moscow killed 28 people, more than 100 were injured; in 2010, a roof section collapsed at a stadium in Minnesota, United States, collapsing the podium; in 2015, an accident at the Komsomolsk-on-Amur oil plant under construction caused by fluctuations from wind loads; in 2015, (Top-Irmen of Novosibirsk region) roof of the covered rink failed to withstand joint wind and snow loads; in 2017, the roof of a school in Murino village collapsed; in 2018, the deformation of the roof of the Istra rink under construction was catastrophic. The purpose of theoretical calculations and carrying out excreta with reinforced concrete shells with different modules of elasticity is to ensure reliability during operation of the building and structure, and to avoid accidents, arising resonance phenomena of free oscillations of shells due to external forces (loads). The article presents the results of experimental studies on determination of spectra, forced and free oscillations of reinforced concrete shell with different modules of elasticity. The whole, carrying out research of reinforced concrete shells is determination of frequencies and form of oscillation of open shells due to external effects. The paper considers the theoretical calculation of the open shell based on the equations of the theory of shallow thin-walled shells, using the Bubnov- Galerkin method, by which we determine how the parameters of the shell affect the processes of free oscillation. After the studies, the data of the vibration spector dependence on the concrete class are obtained, with the help of these results it can be concluded that as the concrete class increases, the average values of the oscillation frequencies decrease, and the initial values of the oscillation frequencies almost fade.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Semko ◽  
Viktor Dariienko ◽  
Vitaliy Sirobaba

The calculation, modeling and experimental research of steel-concrete tubular elements made of thin-walled galvanized sheet metal and lightweight concrete have been carried out. The proposed type of structures can be used as a separate structure in the form of a column or a pillar, and one of the types of the reinforcement of a certain light structure. The basic technological and constructive requirements for manufacturing and further exploitation of structures are given. For determination of actual work’s indexes of constructions experimental research of standards are undertaken, and recommendations on adjustment of well-known calculation formulas of close constructions as for structural parameters are given. The design (modeling) was performed in MSC / Nastran software. An analysis of the proposed structures use is carried out with the corresponding conclusions. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.Q. Qahorov ◽  
Y.O. Sysoev ◽  
A.Y. Dobryshkin

The article deals with the theoretical calculation of the cylindrical thin-walled shell of concrete of different classes with different modules of elasticity. Constructions in the form of a cylindrical shell are widely used in the construction of hydraulic facilities, nuclear power plants, stadiums and other large-span structures. During the operation of such facilities, they are affected by wind and snow loads, including the operation of equipment from the action of which there are forced oscillations. The imposition of own fluctuations of thin shells and forced vibration from external loads, which have not been taken into account by the designer or improper work in the course of construction that result in emergency situations. In addition to the theoretical calculation of the cylindrical closed thin-walled reinforced concrete shell, the article considers the results of the study as a practical part where it is shown how the forced oscillation occurs in different concrete classes and how the concrete class affects the Frequency spectrum of forced oscillations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
K.Q. Qahorov ◽  
O.E. Sysoev ◽  
E.O. Sysoev

Thin-walled cylindrical shell made of reinforced concrete, is widely used in the construction of buildings and structures as coatings and forms of architecture of buildings. Thin-walled shell its shape can give entertainment to the architectural design of buildings, and their rigidity helps to block large spans, creating more closure of the room without additional supports. Another advantage of using cloud forms of structures is the efficiency of this design, since for the manufacture of shell forms of structures less construction material is spent than any other design for coating. The purpose of theoretical calculations and the studied excrement over reinforced concrete shells with different elastic modules, is to ensure reliability in the operation of buildings and structures, and to exclude accidents arising resonance phenomena of free vibrations of the shells from the effects of external forces (loads). On the basis of the laboratories of Komsomolsk-on-Amur state University in the laboratory of building materials and structures, experimental studies were conducted to determine the spectra of forced and free vibrations of the reinforced concrete shell with different elastic modules. The purpose of research on reinforced concrete shells is to determine the oscillation frequencies at different locations of the combined masses. The article deals with the theoretical calculation based on the equation of the theory of flat thin-walled shells, using the Bubnov-Galerkin method, by which we determine how the parameters of the shell affect the process of free oscillation.


Problems when calculating reinforced concrete structures based on the concrete deformation under compression diagram, which is presented both in Russian and foreign regulatory documents on the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are considered. The correctness of their compliance for all classes of concrete remains very approximate, especially a significant difference occurs when using Euronorm due to the different shape and sizes of the samples. At present, there are no methodical recommendations for determining the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under axial compression and the construction of curvilinear deformation diagrams, which leads to limited experimental data and, as a result, does not make it possible to enter more detailed ultimate strain values into domestic standards. The results of experimental studies to determine the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under compression for different classes of concrete, which allowed to make analytical dependences for the evaluation of the ultimate relative deformations and description of curvilinear deformation diagrams, are presented. The article discusses various options for using the deformation model to assess the stress-strain state of the structure, it is concluded that it is necessary to use not only the finite values of the ultimate deformations, but also their intermediate values. This requires reliable diagrams "s–e” for all classes of concrete. The difficulties of measuring deformations in concrete subjected to peak load, corresponding to the prismatic strength, as well as main cracks that appeared under conditions of long-term step loading are highlighted. Variants of more accurate measurements are proposed. Development and implementation of the new standard GOST "Concretes. Methods for determination of complete diagrams" on the basis of the developed method for obtaining complete diagrams of concrete deformation under compression for the evaluation of ultimate deformability of concrete under compression are necessary.


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