Comparison of Methods for Isolating Entomopathogenic Fungi from Soil Samples

10.3791/63353 ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais A. Correa ◽  
Fernanda S. Santos ◽  
Mariana G. Camargo ◽  
Simone Quinelato ◽  
Vânia R. E. P. Bittencourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Comparison Of Methods

scholarly journals Interlaboratory Comparison of Methods To Quantify Microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae in Soil

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 3846-3853 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Termorshuizen ◽  
J. R. Davis ◽  
G. Gort ◽  
D. C. Harris ◽  
O. C. Huisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Interlaboratory Comparison ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Soil Suspension ◽  
Blinded Fashion ◽  
Dry Soil

ABSTRACT In a comparison of different methods for estimatingVerticillium dahliae in soil, 14 soil samples were analyzed in a blinded fashion by 13 research groups in seven countries, using their preferred methods. One group analyzed only four samples. Twelve soil samples were naturally infested, and two had known numbers of microsclerotia of V. dahliae added to them. In addition, a control was included to determine whether transport had an effect on the results. Results differed considerably among the research groups. There was a 118-fold difference between the groups with the lowest and highest mean estimates. Results of the other groups were evenly distributed between these extremes. In general, methods based on plating dry soil samples gave higher numbers of V. dahliae than did plating of an aqueous soil suspension. Recovery of V. dahliae from samples with added microsclerotia varied from 0 to 59%. Most of the variability within each analysis was at the petri dish level. The results indicate the necessity to check the performance of detection assays regularly by comparing recoveries with other laboratories, using a common set of soil samples. We conclude that wet plating assays are less accurate than dry plating assays.

scholarly journals Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2365-2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYU SAFITRI ◽  
SITI HERLINDA ◽  
ARUM SETIAWAN
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fungal Isolates

Safitri A, Herlinda S, Setiawan A. 2018. Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2365-2373. Ecosystems of lowlands and highlands in South Sumatra have specific characteristics of soils and vegetations that can affect the availability of entomopathogenic fungi. This study aimed to explore and identify species and to determine inoculum potentials of the entomopathogenic fungi from soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands. Baiting of entomopathogenic fungi on soil samples used the larvae of Tenebrio molitor. The entomopathogenic fungi species found in this research were Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. The number of the fungal isolates were 30 isolates consisting of nine isolates of B. bassiana and 21 isolates of M. anisopliae.The highest number of isolates was found in the highland ecosystem (11 isolates) and the lowest was found in peatland ecosystem (4 isolates). The highest percentage average of inoculum potentials of the fungi was found in the high land ecosystem (4.04%) and the lowest one was found in freshwater swamps ecosystem (2.11%). Based on the vegetation type, the soil planted with mustard in Talang Patai-Pagaralam (highland ecosystem) had the highest inoculum potentials (9.33%). These fungi will make an important contribution to the biological control for insect pests in lowland to highland ecosystems in Indonesia.

Comparison of Methods to Quantify Organic Carbon in Soil Samples from São Paulo State, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosane Da Silva Dias ◽  
Cleide Aparecida De Abreu ◽  
Mônica Ferreira De Abreu ◽  
Jorge Paz-Ferreiro ◽  
Edson Eiji Matsura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

scholarly journals Trapping Entomopathogenic Fungi from Vine Terroir Soil Samples with Insect Baits for Controlling Serious Pests

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3539
Author(s):  
Spiridon Mantzoukas ◽  
Ioannis Lagogiannis ◽  
Aristeidis Ntoukas ◽  
Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos ◽  
Demetrios Kouretas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Eukaryotic Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Distribution

Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms with many forms and certain demands about the soil they colonize, which reveal the conditions that prevail therein. Although they can often kill pests without damaging plants or humans, they are not widely used as pesticides as they are not easy to handle and require much time before they act. Nevertheless, insects can be used as baits to trap these entomopathogenic fungi, giving information about their distribution within the terroir. The purpose of this study was to investigate the soil distribution of entomopathogenic fungi species in soil samples from two vine soil terroirs. Nine fungi were identified in total, but M. anisopliae and B. bassiana showed the greatest frequency, which was expressed by difference in adult bait mortality among species. These fungi had not been previously documented in vine terroirs.

scholarly journals Aspergillus oryzae and Beauveria bassiana as entomopathogenic fungi of Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) infesting corn in Lampung, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyun Fitriana ◽  
Radix Suharjo ◽  
I. Gede Swibawa ◽  
Bihikmi Semenguk ◽  
Lita Theresia Pasaribu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest causing severe damage to many cultivating plants such as corn worldwide, including Indonesia. This study was performed to obtain and identify entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) of S. litura collected from corn fields in 4 corn producing regions of Lampung, Indonesia, as well as to investigate the damage caused by this pest on corn in Lampung Province. Results Three corn fields in each region were selected for collecting soil samples. Soil samples were collected from 5 corn plant rhizospheres, at each field in six months of survey. Ten larvae of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were laid on each soil sample as a bait, covered with a filter paper and incubated at room temperature. The emerging fungi from T. molitor cadaver were transferred onto Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium and incubated for 7 days at room temperature. Pathogenicity test was determined against 3rd instar of S. litura larvae. Identification was performed based on the sequence of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Region. Observations on the corn damage caused by S. litura were conducted at all corn producing areas in Lampung. Twelve fungal isolates were obtained causing 0–75% of mortality of S. litura. Four fungal isolates (NKPT, SKHJ, SDHJ and RAHJ), which caused mortality more than 20%, were further identified. One isolate (NKPT) was confirmed as Beauveria bassiana and the other 3 isolates (SKHJ, SDHJ and RAHJ) were Aspergillus oryzae. S. litura generally caused slight damages to the corn which was found in every observation year performed during 2010–2019. Medium plant damage was observed in 2010–2012 and 2018–2019, severe damage was found in 2011 and crop failure was recorded in 2018. Conclusions Aspergillus oryzae and B. bassiana were the EPF recorded infecting S. litura in corn in Lampung Province. This was the first report on the isolates of A. oryzae as EPF of S. litura in Indonesia. Slight damages with S. litura were always recorded in every observation year but not for those of medium and severe damages and crop failure.

scholarly journals Efficacy of soil isolates of entomopathogenic fungi against the bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini (Acari: Acaridae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Konopická ◽  
Andrea Bohatá ◽  
Jiří Nermuť ◽  
Eva Jozová ◽  
Zdeněk Mráček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Rhizoglyphus Robini ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Bulb Mite

The bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini, is a serious pest of garlic, onion and other crops. The mite is usually found in association with dangerous fungal pathogens such as Fusarium spp. Control of this pest has relied upon the use of synthetic acaricides but chemical control of the bulb mite is difficult because it is able to develop resistance quickly. Thus, alternative control methods, e.g. biological control, need to be developed and implemented. The aim of this study was to assess efficacy of selected strains of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) against adult females of R. robini under laboratory conditions. New EPF strains were isolated from soil samples collected in onion and garlic fields in the Czech Republic and Israel using soil elution and cultivation on selective media. Fungal species were determined using macroscopic, microscopic and molecular markers. The efficacy against R. robini females was tested in 17 isolated and 3 reference strains of EPF. Results revealed high variability among species and strains. The highest efficacy against R. robini mites was found in strains of Metarhizium anisopliae isolated from soil samples collected in the Czech Republic which caused mortality up to 99.3%, and a Metarhizium indigoticum strain from Israel causing 98.3% mortality after four days of bioassay. Isaria fumosorosea strains did not caused mortality higher than 40%. The lowest virulence was found in Beauveria spp. strains causing mortality of mites between 5 and 25%. Median lethal time (LT50) and median lethal concentration (LC50) in the three most virulent strains ranged between 2 and 4 days and between 1.01×104 and 2.36×105 spores/ml, respectively. The concentration-response models indicated that the M. indigoticum strain is more lethal than M. anisopliae strains. The present study showed that some strains of entomopathogenic fungi, especially from the genus Metarhizium, could be perspective biocontrol agents against R. robini.

scholarly journals Insecticidal Action of Several Isolates of Entomopathogenic Fungi against The Granary Weevil Sitophilus Granarius

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spiridon Mantzoukas ◽  
Ioannis Lagogiannis ◽  
Maria Mpekiri ◽  
Ioannis Pettas ◽  
Panagiotis A. Eliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Sitophilus Granarius ◽  
Granary Weevil ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Insecticidal Action ◽  
Lethal Time ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

The insecticidal virulence of various entomopathogenic fungal isolates retrieved from soil samples was tested on adults of the granary weevil Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Bioassays were carried out in the laboratory where experimental adults were sprayed with 1 mL of conidial suspension (108 conidia/mL) from each isolate. Mortality was recorded at 7, 14, and 21 days after exposure. Mean mortality, mean lethal time, survival, and hazard effect were estimated for each isolate. Two isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), one isolate of Aspergillus insuetus (Bainier) Thom & Church (Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) resulted in the highest mortality (97–100%). The isolates with both the highest hazard effect and the lowest survival rate were Aspergillus sp. and M. anisopliae. Our results indicate that entomopathogenic fungi have the potential to become a very useful tool in reducing chemical applications in storage facilities.

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