Modeling Stroke in Mice: Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion via the External Carotid Artery

10.3791/62573 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Llovera ◽  
Alba Simats ◽  
Arthur Liesz
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

scholarly journals N-Palmitoylethanolamide-Oxazoline Protects against Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Injury in Diabetic Rats by Regulating the SIRT1 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Maria Scuto ◽  
Marika Cordaro ◽  
Ramona D’Amico ◽  
Enrico Gugliandolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Diabetes causes various macrovascular and microvascular alterations, often culminating in major clinical complications (first of all, stroke) that lack an effective therapeutic intervention. N-palmitoylethanolamide-oxazoline (PEA-OXA) possesses anti-inflammatory and potent neuroprotective effects. Although recent studies have explained the neuroprotective properties of PEA-OXA, nothing is known about its effects in treating cerebral ischemia. Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in the right hemisphere. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion was provided by introducing a 4–0 nylon monofilament (Ethilon; Johnson & Johnson, Somerville, NJ, USA) precoated with silicone via the external carotid artery into the internal carotid artery to occlude the MCA. Results: A neurological severity score and infarct volumes were carried out to assess the neuroprotective effects of PEA-OXA. Moreover, we observed PEA-OXA-mediated improvements in tissue histology shown by a reduction in lesion size and an improvement in apoptosis level (assessed by caspases, Bax, and Bcl-2 modulation and a TUNEL assay), which further supported the efficacy of PEA-OXA therapy. We also found that PEA-OXA treatment was able to reduce mast cell degranulation and reduce the MCAo-induced expression of NF-κB pathways, cytokines, and neurotrophic factors. Conclusions: based on these findings, we propose that PEA-OXA could be useful in decreasing the risk of impairment or improving function in ischemia/reperfusion brain injury-related disorders.

scholarly journals Tandem Internal Carotid Artery/Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Stroke ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 2301-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rubiera ◽  
Marc Ribo ◽  
Raquel Delgado-Mederos ◽  
Esteban Santamarina ◽  
Pilar Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

scholarly journals Interleukin 1 alpha administration is neuroprotective and neuro-restorative following experimental ischemic stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Salmeron ◽  
Michael E. Maniskas ◽  
Danielle N. Edwards ◽  
Raymond Wong ◽  
Ivana Rajkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Abstract Background Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide despite recent treatment breakthroughs. A primary event in stroke pathogenesis is the development of a potent and deleterious local and peripheral inflammatory response regulated by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1). While the role of IL-1β (main released isoform) has been well studied in stroke, the role of the IL-1α isoform remains largely unknown. With increasing utilization of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) or thrombectomy to pharmacologically or mechanically remove ischemic stroke causing blood clots, respectively, there is interest in pairing successful cerebrovascular recanalization with neurotherapeutic pharmacological interventions (Fraser et al., J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 37:3531–3543, 2017; Hill et al., Lancet Neurol 11:942–950, 2012; Amaro et al., Stroke 47:2874–2876, 2016). Methods Transient stroke was induced in mice via one of two methods. One group of mice were subjected to tandem ipsilateral common carotid artery and middle cerebral artery occlusion, while another group underwent the filament-based middle cerebral artery occlusion. We have recently developed an animal model of intra-arterial (IA) drug administration after recanalization (Maniskas et al., J Neurosci Met 240:22–27, 2015). Sub groups of the mice were treated with either saline or Il-1α, wherein the drug was administered either acutely (immediately after surgery) or subacutely (on the third day after stroke). This was followed by behavioral and histological analyses. Results We now show in the above-mentioned mouse stroke models (transient tandem ipsilateral common carotid artery (CCA) and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCA) occlusion, MCA suture occlusion) that IL-1α is neuroprotective when acutely given either intravenously (IV) or IA at low sub-pathologic doses. Furthermore, while IV administration induces transient hemodynamic side effects without affecting systemic markers of inflammation, IA delivery further improves overall outcomes while eliminating these side effects. Additionally, we show that delayed/subacute IV IL-1α administration ameliorates functional deficit and promotes neurorepair. Conclusions Taken together, our present study suggests for the first time that IL-1α could, unexpectedly, be an effective ischemic stroke therapy with a broad therapeutic window.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document