Vector Competence Analyses on Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes using Zika Virus

10.3791/61112 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha R. Azar ◽  
Scott C. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Vector Competence

scholarly journals Vector competence and transovarial transmission of two Aedes aegypti strains to Zika virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-xiao Li ◽  
Xiao-xia Guo ◽  
Yong-qiang Deng ◽  
Dan Xing ◽  
Ai-juan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Transovarial Transmission

scholarly journals Sequential Infection of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes with Chikungunya Virus and Zika Virus Enhances Early Zika Virus Transmission

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Magalhaes ◽  
Alexis Robison ◽  
Michael Young ◽  
William Black ◽  
Brian Foy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Virus Interactions ◽  
Sequential Infection

In urban settings, chikungunya, Zika, and dengue viruses are transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Since these viruses co-circulate in several regions, coinfection in humans and vectors may occur, and human coinfections have been frequently reported. Yet, little is known about the molecular aspects of virus interactions within hosts and how they contribute to arbovirus transmission dynamics. We have previously shown that Aedes aegypti exposed to chikungunya and Zika viruses in the same blood meal can become coinfected and transmit both viruses simultaneously. However, mosquitoes may also become coinfected by multiple, sequential feeds on single infected hosts. Therefore, we tested whether sequential infection with chikungunya and Zika viruses impacts mosquito vector competence. We exposed Ae. aegypti mosquitoes first to one virus and 7 days later to the other virus and compared infection, dissemination, and transmission rates between sequentially and single infected groups. We found that coinfection rates were high after sequential exposure and that mosquitoes were able to co-transmit both viruses. Surprisingly, chikungunya virus coinfection enhanced Zika virus transmission 7 days after the second blood meal. Our data demonstrate heterologous arbovirus synergism within mosquitoes, by unknown mechanisms, leading to enhancement of transmission under certain conditions.

scholarly journals Vector Competence of French Polynesian Aedes aegypti and Aedes polynesiensis for Zika Virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0005024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaea Richard ◽  
Tuterarii Paoaafaite ◽  
Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Aedes Polynesiensis

scholarly journals Zika mosquito vectors: the jury is still out

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter S. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Yellow Fever Mosquito ◽  
The Common

After a 40-year hiatus, the International Congress of Entomology (ICE 2016) convened in Orlando, Florida (September 25-30, 2016). One of the symposia at ICE 2016, the Zika Symposium, covered multiple aspects of the Zika epidemic, including epidemiology, sexual transmission, genetic tools for reducing transmission, and particularly vector competence. While there was a consensus among participants that the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a vector of the Zika virus, there is growing evidence indicating that the range of mosquito vectors might be wider than anticipated. In particular, three independent groups from Canada, China, and Brazil presented and discussed laboratory and field data strongly suggesting that the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, also known as the common mosquito, is highly likely to be a vector in certain environments.

Vector competence of Malaysian Aedes aegypti to Zika virus and impact of sequential arbovirus infections

Acta Tropica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 105472
Author(s):  
Nyee Huey Ong ◽  
Chong Long Chua ◽  
Jonathan Wee Kent Liew ◽  
Wan Yusoff Wan Sulaiman ◽  
Yoke Fun Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Vector Competence

scholarly journals Low Aedes aegypti Vector Competence for Zika Virus from Viremic Rhesus Macaques

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
Rosilainy Surubi Fernandes ◽  
Mariana Rocha David ◽  
Filipe Vieira Santos De Abreu ◽  
Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito ◽  
Noemi R. Gardinali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Time Points

Despite worldwide efforts to understand the transmission dynamics of Zika virus (ZIKV), scanty evaluation has been made on the vector competence of Aedes aegypti fed directly on viremic human and non-human primates (NHPs). We blood-fed Ae. aegypti from two districts in Rio de Janeiro on six ZIKV infected pregnant rhesus macaques at several time points, half of which were treated with Sofosbuvir (SOF). Mosquitoes were analyzed for vector competence after 3, 7 and 14 days of incubation. Although viremia extended up to eight days post monkey inoculation, only mosquitoes fed on the day of the peak of viremia, recorded on day two, became infected. The influence of SOF treatment could not be assessed because the drug was administered just after mosquito feeding on day two. The global infection, dissemination and transmission rates were quite low (4.09%, 1.91% and 0.54%, respectively); no mosquito was infected when viremia was below 1.26 × 105 RNA copies/mL. In conclusion, Ae. aegypti vector competence for ZIKV from macaques is low, likely to be due to low viral load and the short duration of ZIKV viremia in primates suitable for infecting susceptible mosquitoes. If ZIKV infection in human and macaques behaves similarly, transmission of the Zika virus in nature is most strongly affected by vector density.

scholarly journals Colonized Sabethes cyaneus, a Sylvatic New World Mosquito Species, Shows a Low Vector Competence for Zika Virus Relative to Aedes aegypti

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit K. Karna ◽  
Sasha R. Azar ◽  
Jessica A. Plante ◽  
Rumei Yun ◽  
Nikos Vasilakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
New World ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Sylvatic Cycle ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Body Compartments

The introduction of Zika virus (ZIKV) to the Americas raised concern that the virus would spill back from human transmission, perpetuated by Aedes aegypti, into a sylvatic cycle maintained in wildlife and forest-living mosquitoes. In the Americas, Sabethes species are vectors of sylvatic yellow fever virus (YFV) and are therefore candidate vectors of a sylvatic ZIKV cycle. To test the potential of Sabethes cyaneus to transmit ZIKV, Sa. cyaneus and Ae. aegypti were fed on A129 mice one or two days post-infection (dpi) with a ZIKV isolate from Mexico. Sa. cyaneus were sampled at 3, 4, 5, 7, 14, and 21 days post-feeding (dpf) and Ae. aegypti were sampled at 14 and 21 dpf. ZIKV was quantified in mosquito bodies, legs, and saliva to measure infection, dissemination, and potential transmission, respectively. Of 69 Sa. cyaneus that fed, ZIKV was detected in only one, in all body compartments, at 21 dpf. In contrast, at 14 dpf 100% of 20 Ae. aegypti that fed on mice at 2 dpi were infected and 70% had virus in saliva. These data demonstrate that Sa. cyaneus is a competent vector for ZIKV, albeit much less competent than Ae. aegypti.

scholarly journals Vector competence of Aedes aegypti and screening for differentially expressed microRNAs exposed to Zika virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunling Zhu ◽  
Yuting Jiang ◽  
Qianghui Zhang ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Chaojie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiles

Abstract Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is transmitted to humans primarily by Aedes aegypti. Previous studies on Ae. aegypti from Jiegao (JG) and Mengding (MD) in Yunnan province, China have shown that these mosquitoes are able to transmit ZIKV to their offspring through vertical transmission, indicating that these two Ae. aegypti strains pose a potential risk for ZIKV transmission. However, the vector competence of these two Ae. aegypti strains to ZIKV has not been evaluated and the molecular mechanisms influencing vector competence are still unclear. Methods Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from JG and MD were orally infected with ZIKV, and the infection rate (IR), dissemination rate (DR), transmission rate (TR) and transmission efficiency (TE) of these two mosquito strains were explored to evaluate their vector competence to ZIKV. On 2, 4 and 6 days post-infection (dpi), the small RNA profiles between ZIKV-infected and non-infected Ae. aegypti midgut and salivary gland tissues were compared to gain insights into the molecular interactions between ZIKV and Ae. aegypti. Results There were no significant differences in the IR, DR, TR and TE between the two Ae. aegypti strains (P > 0.05). However, ZIKV RNA appeared 2 days earlier in saliva of the JG strain, which indicated a higher competence of the JG strain to transmit ZIKV. Significant differences in the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles between ZIKV-infected and non-infected Ae. aegypti were found in the 2-dpi libraries of both the midgut and salivary gland tissues from the two strains. In addition, 27 and 74 miRNAs (|log2 fold change| > 2) were selected from the miRNA expression profiles of ZIKV-infected and non-infected midgut and salivary gland tissues from the JG and MD strains, respectively. Conclusions Our results provide novel insights into the ZIKV–mosquito interactions and build a foundation for future research on how miRNAs regulate the vector competence of mosquitoes to this arbovirus. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Vector competence of Australian Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus for an epidemic strain of Zika virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e0007281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon E. Hugo ◽  
Liesel Stassen ◽  
Jessica La ◽  
Edward Gosden ◽  
O’mezie Ekwudu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Epidemic Strain

scholarly journals Zika mosquito vectors: the jury is still out

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter S. Leal
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Yellow Fever Mosquito ◽  
The Common

After a 40-year hiatus, the International Congress of Entomology (ICE 2016) convened in Orlando, Florida (September 25-30, 2016). One of the symposia at ICE 2016, the Zika Symposium, covered multiple aspects of the Zika epidemic, including epidemiology, sexual transmission, genetic tools for reducing transmission, and particularly vector competence. While there was a consensus among participants that the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a vector of the Zika virus, there is growing evidence indicating that the range of mosquito vectors might be wider than anticipated. In particular, three independent groups from Canada, China, and Brazil presented and discussed laboratory and field data strongly suggesting that the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, also known as the common mosquito, is highly likely to be a vector in certain environments.

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