scholarly journals siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

10.3791/60190 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Düthorn ◽  
Aykut Turan ◽  
Christina Draßner ◽  
Petra Mühl-Zürbes ◽  
Christiane S Heilingloh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Both plasmacytoid dendritic cells and monocytes stimulate natural killer cells early during human herpes simplex virus type 1 infections

Immunology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Vogel ◽  
Sabrina Thomann ◽  
Benjamin Vogel ◽  
Philipp Schuster ◽  
Barbara Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Pharmacological Inhibition of IRE-1 Alpha Activity in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2-Infected Dendritic Cells Enhances T Cell Activation

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo I. Tognarelli ◽  
Angello Retamal-Díaz ◽  
Mónica A. Farías ◽  
Luisa F. Duarte ◽  
Tomás F. Palomino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) infections are life-long and highly prevalent in the human population. These viruses persist in the host, eliciting either symptomatic or asymptomatic infections that may occur sporadically or in a recurrent manner through viral reactivations. Clinical manifestations due to symptomatic infection may be mild such as orofacial lesions, but may also translate into more severe diseases, such as ocular infections that may lead to blindness and life-threatening encephalitis. A key feature of herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) is that they have evolved molecular determinants that hamper numerous components of the host’s antiviral innate and adaptive immune system. Importantly, HSVs infect and negatively modulate the function of dendritic cells (DCs), by inhibiting their T cell-activating capacity and eliciting their apoptosis after infection. Previously, we reported that HSV-2 activates the splicing of the mRNA of XBP1, which is related to the activity of the unfolded protein response (UPR) factor Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1 alpha (IRE-1α). Here, we sought to evaluate if the activation of the IRE-1α pathway in DCs upon HSV infection may be related to impaired DC function after infection with HSV-1 or HSV-2. Interestingly, the pharmacological inhibition of the endonuclease activity of IRE-1α in HSV-1- and HSV-2-infected DCs significantly reduced apoptosis in these cells and enhanced their capacity to migrate to lymph nodes and activate virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These findings suggest that the activation of the IRE-1α-dependent UPR pathway in HSV-infected DCs may play a significant role in the negative effects that these viruses exert over these cells and that the modulation of this signaling pathway may be relevant for enhancing the function of DCs upon infection with HSVs.

scholarly journals Infection of dendritic cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 induces rapid degradation of CYTIP, thereby modulating adhesion and migration

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros A. Theodoridis ◽  
Christina Eich ◽  
Carl G. Figdor ◽  
Alexander Steinkasserer
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Abstract Immune responses require spatial and temporal coordinated interactions between different cell types within distinct microenvironments. This dynamic interplay depends on the competency of the involved cells, predominantly leukocytes, to actively migrate to defined sites of cellular encounters in various tissues. Because of their unique capacity to transport antigen from the periphery to secondary lymphoid tissues for the activation of naive T cells, dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the initiation and orchestration of adaptive immune responses. Therefore, pathogen-mediated interference with this process is a very effective way of immune evasion. CYTIP (cytohesin-interacting protein) is a key regulator of DC motility. It has previously been described to control LFA-1 deactivation and to regulate DC adherence. CYTIP expression is up-regulated during DC maturation, enabling their transition from the sessile to the motile state. Here, we demonstrate that on infection of human monocyte-derived DCs with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), CYTIP is rapidly degraded and as a consequence β-2 integrins, predominantly LFA-1, are activated. Furthermore, we show that the impairment of migration in HSV-1-infected DCs is in part the result of this increased integrin-mediated adhesion. Thus, we propose a new mechanism of pathogen-interference with central aspects of leukocyte biology.

Infection of mature dendritic cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 interferes with the interferon signaling pathway

Immunobiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 212 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 877-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Eisemann ◽  
Petra Mühl-Zürbes ◽  
Alexander Steinkasserer ◽  
Mirko Kummer
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Interferon Signaling ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Infection of mature dendritic cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 dramatically reduces lymphoid chemokine-mediated migration

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1645-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander T. Prechtel ◽  
Nadine M. Turza ◽  
Dieter J. Kobelt ◽  
Jutta I. Eisemann ◽  
Robert S. Coffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Migration Assays ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is able to establish latency in infected individuals. In order to characterize potential new immune-escape mechanisms, mature dendritic cells (DCs) were infected with HSV-1 and total cellular RNA was isolated from infected and mock-infected populations at different time points. RNA profiling on Affymetrix Human Genome U133A arrays demonstrated a dramatic downregulation of the migration-mediating surface molecules CCR7 and CXCR4, an observation that was further confirmed by RT-PCR and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses. Furthermore, migration assays revealed that, upon infection of mature DCs, CCR7- and CXCR4-mediated migration towards the corresponding CCL19 and CXCL12 chemokine gradients was strongly reduced. It is noteworthy that the infection of immature DCs with HSV-1 prior to maturation led to a failure of CCR7 and CXCR4 upregulation during DC maturation and, as a consequence, also induced a block in their migratory capacity. Additional migration assays with a Δvhs mutant virus lacking the virion host shutoff (vhs) gene, which is known to degrade cellular mRNAs, suggested a vhs-independent mechanism. These results indicate that HSV-1-infected mature DCs are limited in their capacity to migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, the areas of antigen presentation and T-cell stimulation, thus inhibiting an antiviral immune response. This represents a novel, previously unrecognized mechanism for HSV-1 to escape the human immune system.

scholarly journals The Virion Host Shut-Off (vhs) Protein Blocks a TLR-Independent Pathway of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Recognition in Human and Mouse Dendritic Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e8684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Cotter ◽  
Marie L. Nguyen ◽  
Jacob S. Yount ◽  
Carolina B. López ◽  
John A. Blaho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Human And Mouse ◽  
Protein Blocks
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