Ferric Chloride-induced Canine Carotid Artery Thrombosis: A Large Animal Model of Vascular Injury

Abstract Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is multifactorial and can result from sepsis, trauma, or pneumonia, amongst other primary pathologies. It is one of the major causes of death in critically ill patients with a reported mortality rate up to 45%. The present study focuses on the development of a large animal model of smoke inhalation-induced ARDS in an effort to provide the scientific community with a reliable, reproducible large animal model of isolated toxic inhalation injury-induced ARDS. Methods Animals (n = 21) were exposed to smoke under general anesthesia for 1 to 2 h (median smoke exposure = 0.5 to 1 L of oak wood smoke) after the ultrasound-guided placement of carotid, pulmonary, and femoral artery catheters. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), vital signs, and ventilator parameters were monitored throughout the procedure. Chest x-ray, carotid, femoral and pulmonary artery blood samples were collected before, during, and after smoke exposure. Animals were euthanized and lung tissue collected for analysis 48 h after smoke inhalation. Results Animals developed ARDS 48 h after smoke inhalation as reflected by a decrease in SpO2 by approximately 31%, PaO2/FiO2 ratio by approximately 208 (50%), and development of bilateral, diffuse infiltrates on chest x-ray. Study animals also demonstrated a significant increase in IL-6 level, lung tissue injury score and wet/dry ratio, as well as changes in other arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters. Conclusions This study reports, for the first time, a novel large animal model of isolated smoke inhalation-induced ARDS without confounding variables such as cutaneous burn injury. Use of this unique model may be of benefit in studying the pathophysiology of inhalation injury or for development of novel therapeutics.

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Impella RP versus pharmacologic vasoactive treatment in profound cardiogenic shock due to right ventricular failure: Unloading and end-organ perfusion in a large animal model

European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care ◽

10.1093/ehjacc/zuab020.170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

J Josiassen ◽

OKL Helgestad ◽

NLJ Udesen ◽

A Banke ◽

PH Frederiksen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Cardiogenic Shock ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Large Animal Model ◽

Similar Degree ◽

Large Animal ◽

Organ Perfusion ◽

Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽

Cerebral Venous Oxygen Saturation

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Danish Heart Foundation Unrestricted research grant from Abiomed Background No strong evidence exists regarding the treatment of cardiogenic shock (CS) caused by acute right ventricular (RV) failure which has mainly consisted of vasoactive drugs. There is expert agreement that treatment with the recently developed Impella RP is feasible, but no previous studies have compared vasoactive treatment strategies with the Impella RP in terms of cardiac unloading and end-organ perfusion. Hypothesis Treatment with the Impella RP device will be associated with lower RV myocardial workload (pressure-volume area) compared to vasoactive treatment strategies and can furthermore be achieved without compromising organ perfusion. Methods CS was induced by a stepwise injection of polyvinyl alcohol microspheres into the right coronary artery in twenty adult female Danish landrace pigs weighing 75-80 kg. After induction of CS, the pigs were allocated to one of the two interventions for 180 minutes: 1) vasoactive therapy comprised a continuous infusion of norepinephrine (0.1 µg/kg/min) for the first 30 minutes, supplemented by an infusion of milrinone (0.4 µg/kg/min) for the remaining 150 minutes or 2) immediate insertion of and treatment with the Impella RP. The results are presented as median [Q1;Q3]. Results Treatment with the Impella RP was associated with a lower RV workload compared to the vasoactive group, while no difference was observed with regards to left ventricular workload among intervention groups, Figure 1. Renal venous oxygen saturation increased to a similar degree following both interventions compared to the state of CS. A trend towards a higher cerebral venous oxygen saturation was observed with norepinephrine compared to Impella RP (Impella RP 51 [47;61] % vs Norepinephrine 62 [57;71] % ; p = 0.07), which became significantly higher with the addition of milrinone (Impella RP 45 [32;63] % vs Norepinephrine +Milrinone 73 [66;81] %; p = 0.002). Conclusion In this large animal model of profound CS caused by predominantly RV failure the Impella RP unloaded the failing RV. The vasoactive treatment, however, caused a higher cerebral venous oxygen saturation, while both interventions increased renal venous oxygen saturation to a similar degree. Abstract Figure 1

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TCT-136: The Novel Synthetic Peptide PSRCDCR-NH 2 Is A More Potent Inhibitor Than Aspirin And Heparin In An Experimental Carotid Artery Thrombosis Model

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.jacc.2010.08.156 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (13) ◽

pp. B32

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Synthetic Peptide ◽

Potent Inhibitor ◽

The Novel ◽

Carotid Artery Thrombosis ◽

Thrombosis Model ◽

Artery Thrombosis

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DEMONSTRATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF A BIOARTIFICIAL LIVER IN A POTENTIALLY REVERSIBLE LARGE ANIMAL MODEL OF ACUTE LIVER FAILURE.

Transplantation Journal ◽

10.1097/00007890-200004271-01124 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 69 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S405

Author(s):

I. Fourneau ◽

S. H. Yap ◽

T. Roskams ◽

L. Flendrig ◽

R. Chamuleau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Liver Failure ◽

Acute Liver Failure ◽

Bioartificial Liver ◽

Large Animal Model ◽

Large Animal

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