scholarly journals Rapid, Directed Differentiation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells from Human Embryonic or Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

10.3791/56274 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah P. Foltz ◽  
Dennis O. Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Directed Differentiation ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Possibilities for Using Pluripotent Stem Cells for Restoring Damaged Eye Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Acta Naturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Kharitonov ◽  
A. V. Surdina ◽  
O. S. Lebedeva ◽  
A. N. Bogomazova ◽  
M. A. Lagarkova
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

The retinal pigment epithelium is a monolayer of pigmented, hexagonal cells connected by tight junctions. These cells compose part of the outer blood-retina barrier, protect the eye from excessive light, have important secretory functions, and support the function of photoreceptors, ensuring the coordination of a variety of regulatory mechanisms. It is the degeneration of the pigment epithelium that is the root cause of many retinal degenerative diseases. The search for reliable cell sources for the transplantation of retinal pigment epithelium is of extreme urgency. Pluripotent stem cells (embryonic stem or induced pluripotent) can be differentiated with high efficiency into the pigment epithelium of the retina, which opens up possibilities for cellular therapy in macular degeneration and can slow down the development of pathology and, perhaps, restore a patient's vision. Pioneering clinical trials on transplantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells in the United States and Japan confirmed the need for developing and optimizing such approaches to cell therapy. For effective use, pigment epithelial cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells should have a set of functional properties characteristic of such cells in vivo. This review summarizes the current state of preclinical and clinical studies in the field of retinal pigment epithelial transplantation therapy. We also discuss different differentiation protocols based on data in the literature and our own data, and the problems holding back the widespread therapeutic application of retinal pigment epithelium differentiated from pluripotent stem cells.

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