scholarly journals Quick Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Protocol for Xist RNA Combined with Immunofluorescence of Histone Modification in X-chromosome Inactivation

10.3791/52053 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Yue ◽  
John Lalith Charles Richard ◽  
Norishige Yamada ◽  
Akiyo Ogawa ◽  
Yuya Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modification ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Xist Rna ◽  
Hybridization Protocol

X-chromosome inactivation in XX androgenetic mouse embryos surviving implantation

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (19) ◽  
pp. 4137-4145 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Okamoto ◽  
S. Tan ◽  
N. Takagi
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
X Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Current View ◽  
Replication Banding ◽  
Xist Rna ◽  
Morula Stage

Using genetic and cytogenetic markers, we assessed early development and X-chromosome inactivation (X-inactivation) in XX mouse androgenones produced by pronuclear transfer. Contrary to the current view, XX androgenones are capable of surviving to embryonic day 7.5, achieving basically random X-inactivation in all tissues including those derived from the trophectoderm and primitive endoderm that are characterized by paternal X-activation in fertilized embryos. This finding supports the hypothesis that in fertilized female embryos, the maternal X chromosome remains active until the blastocyst stage because of a rigid imprint that prevents inactivation, whereas the paternal X chromosome is preferentially inactivated in extra-embryonic tissues owing to lack of such imprint. In spite of random X-inactivation in XX androgenones, FISH analyses revealed expression of stable Xist RNA from every X chromosome in XX and XY androgenonetic embryos from the four-cell to morula stage. Although the occurrence of inappropriate X-inactivation was further suggested by the finding that Xist continues ectopic expression in a proportion of cells from XX and XY androgenones at the blastocyst and the early egg cylinder stage, a replication banding study failed to provide positive evidence for inappropriate X-inactivation at E6. 5.

scholarly journals Localized accumulation of Xist RNA in X chromosome inactivation

Open Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 190213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Brockdorff
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Xist Rna ◽  
Analogous Manner ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
In Cis

The non-coding RNA Xist regulates the process of X chromosome inactivation, in which one of the two X chromosomes present in cells of early female mammalian embryos is selectively and coordinately shut down. Remarkably Xist RNA functions in cis , affecting only the chromosome from which it is transcribed. This feature is attributable to the unique propensity of Xist RNA to accumulate over the territory of the chromosome on which it is synthesized, contrasting with the majority of RNAs that are rapidly exported out of the cell nucleus. In this review I provide an overview of the progress that has been made towards understanding localized accumulation of Xist RNA, drawing attention to evidence that some other non-coding RNAs probably function in a highly analogous manner. I describe a simple model for localized accumulation of Xist RNA and discuss key unresolved questions that need to be addressed in future studies.

Impact of Xist RNA on chromatin modifications and transcriptional silencing maintenance at different stages of imprinted X chromosome inactivation in vole Microtus levis

Chromosoma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Shevchenko ◽  
Elena V. Grigor’eva ◽  
Sergey P. Medvedev ◽  
Irina S. Zakharova ◽  
Elena V. Dementyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Transcriptional Silencing ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromatin Modifications ◽  
Xist Rna ◽  
Microtus Levis

Getting to the center of X-chromosome inactivation: the role of transgenesThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 30th Annual International Asilomar Chromatin and Chromosomes Conference, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Minks ◽  
Carolyn J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
X Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Xist Expression ◽  
Inactivation Center ◽  
Xist Rna ◽  
Epigenetic Phenomenon

X-chromosome inactivation is a fascinating epigenetic phenomenon that is initiated by expression of a noncoding (nc)RNA, XIST, and results in transcriptional silencing of 1 female X. The process requires a series of events that begins even before XIST expression, and culminates in an active and a silent X within the same nucleus. We will focus on the role that transgenic systems have served in the current understanding of the process of X-chromosome inactivation, both in the initial delineation of an active and inactive X, and in the function of the XIST RNA. X inactivation is strictly cis-limited; recent studies have revealed elements within the X-inactivation center, the region required for inactivation, that are critical for the initial regulation of Xist expression and chromosome pairing. It has been revealed that the X-inactivation center contains a remarkable compendium of cis-regulatory elements, ncRNAs, and trans-acting pairing regions. We review the functional componentry of the X-inactivation center and discuss experiments that helped to dissect the XIST/Xist RNA and its involvement in the establishment of facultative heterochromatin.

scholarly journals X Chromosome Inactivation Is Mediated by Xist RNA Stabilization

Cell ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Panning ◽  
Jessica Dausman ◽  
Rudolf Jaenisch
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Xist Rna ◽  
Rna Stabilization

scholarly journals Evidence of Xist RNA-independent initiation of mouse imprinted X-chromosome inactivation

Nature ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 460 (7255) ◽  
pp. 647-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundeep Kalantry ◽  
Sonya Purushothaman ◽  
Randall Bryant Bowen ◽  
Joshua Starmer ◽  
Terry Magnuson
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Xist Rna

scholarly journals Live-Cell Imaging and Functional Dissection of Xist RNA Reveal Mechanisms of X Chromosome Inactivation and Reactivation

iScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Ha ◽  
Lan-Tian Lai ◽  
Rosi Chelliah ◽  
Yashu Zhen ◽  
Seet Pei Yi Vanessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Xist Rna
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