scholarly journals Analysis of Gene Function and Visualization of Cilia-Generated Fluid Flow in Kupffer's Vesicle

10.3791/50038 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangliang Wang ◽  
H. Joseph Yost ◽  
Jeffrey D. Amack
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle

scholarly journals On the Necessary Conditions for Non-Equivalent Solutions of the Rotlet-Induced Stokes Flow in a Sphere: Towards a Minimal Model for Fluid Flow in the Kupffer’s Vesicle

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yunay Hernández-Pereira ◽  
Adán O. Guerrero ◽  
Juan Manuel Rendón-Mancha ◽  
Idan Tuval
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Stokes Problem ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
Vortical Flow ◽  
Biophysical Model ◽  
Rigid Sphere ◽  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle ◽  
General Conditions

The emergence of left–right (LR) asymmetry in vertebrates is a prime example of a highly conserved fundamental process in developmental biology. Details of how symmetry breaking is established in different organisms are, however, still not fully understood. In the zebrafish (Danio rerio), it is known that a cilia-mediated vortical flow exists within its LR organizer, the so-called Kupffer’s vesicle (KV), and that it is directly involved in early LR determination. However, the flow exhibits spatio-temporal complexity; moreover, its conversion to asymmetric development has proved difficult to resolve despite a number of recent experimental advances and numerical efforts. In this paper, we provide further theoretical insight into the essence of flow generation by putting together a minimal biophysical model which reduces to a set of singular solutions satisfying the imposed boundary conditions; one that is informed by our current understanding of the fluid flow in the KV, that satisfies the requirements for left–right symmetry breaking, but which is also amenable to extensive parametric analysis. Our work is a step forward in this direction. By finding the general conditions for the solution to the fluid mechanics of a singular rotlet within a rigid sphere, we have enlarged the set of available solutions in a way that can be easily extended to more complex configurations. These general conditions define a suitable set for which to apply the superposition principle to the linear Stokes problem and, hence, by which to construct a continuous set of solutions that correspond to spherically constrained vortical flows generated by arbitrarily displaced infinitesimal rotations around any three-dimensional axis.

scholarly journals Chemosensing versus mechanosensing in nodal and Kupffer's vesicle cilia and in other left–right organizer organs

2019 ◽  
Vol 375 (1792) ◽  
pp. 20190566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julyan H. E. Cartwright ◽  
Oreste Piro ◽  
Idan Tuval
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Body Plan ◽  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle ◽  
Left And Right

How is sensing carried out by cilia in the mouse node, zebrafish Kupffer's vesicle and similar left–right (LR) organizer organs in other species? Two possibilities have been put forward. In the former, cilia would detect some chemical species in the fluid; in the latter, they would detect fluid flow. In either case, the hypothesis is that an imbalance would be detected between this signalling coming from cilia on the left and right sides of the organizer, which would initiate a cascade of signals leading ultimately to the breaking of LR symmetry in the developing body plan of the organism. We review the evidence for both hypotheses. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport’.

Abstract 936: Inhibition of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATP-ase Affects the Early Steps of Left-Right Patterning in Zebrafish Embryos.

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jil A Kreiling ◽  
Zaneta L Balantac ◽  
Andrew Crawford ◽  
Jamal Toure ◽  
Alper Celik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Calcium Signals ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle ◽  
Laterality Defects ◽  
Er Calcium

Vertebrates develop well defined and conserved left-right (L-R) asymmetries of the heart, gut and brain. Calcium signals play a role in the specification of L-R asymmetry, by translating cilia-dependent fluid flow into asymmetric patterns of gene expression. We aimed to determine the role of early calcium signals on the L-R patterning in zebrafish embryos. Calcium signals were manipulated in zebrafish embryos using thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium ATP-ase pump. The embryos were treated with 0.5 μM thapsigargin during early gastrulation (4 – 6 hpf), mid-gastrulation (6 – 8 hpf), late gastrulation (8 –10 hpf) or early somitic stages (10 –12 hpf). The phenotype was analyzed with subtractive imaging, immunolabeling and in situ hybridization (ISH). At 30 hpf, the heart was centralized or reversed in 53% of the early thapsigargin-treated embryos (n=72) vs 5% of the DMSO-treated control embryos (n=75). The embryos were most sensitive to thapsigargin during early and mid-gastrulation with subsequent decrease in heart laterality defects. The incidence of heart laterality defects correlated with decreased or absent no tail expression in the dorsal forerunner cells and disruption of Kupffer’s vesicle formation in 73% of the early treated embryos (n=203), vs 2% of the control embryos (n=198) (p<0.01). Deviation from the normal morphological L-R asymmetry in the habenular nucleus of the diencephalon was found in 54% of the thapsigargin treated embryos (n=17) and in 88% of the embryos with L-looped heart (n=9) vs none control embryos. Analysis of the expression pattern of the “left-sided” marker pitx2 α in the dorsal diencephalon by ISH revealed this to be reversed or bilateral in 56% of the treated embryos (n=97) vs only 10% of the control embryos (p<0.05). In addition 47% of the thapsigargin treated embryo displayed reversed gut-looping (n=49) vs none control embryos. Our data suggest that inhibition of the ER calcium pump by thapsigargin during gastrulation impairs development of the Kupffer’s vesicle and disrupts the concordant heart, brain and gut L-R asymmetry. These results suggest an additional role of calcium in L-R asymmetry determination well before its previously recognized role in sensing fluid flow in the Kupffer’s vesicle.

scholarly journals Right-elevated expression of charon is regulated by fluid flow in medaka Kupffer's vesicle

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoki Hojo ◽  
Shigeo Takashima ◽  
Daisuke Kobayashi ◽  
Akira Sumeragi ◽  
Atsuko Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle ◽  
Elevated Expression

scholarly journals Bardet–Biedl syndrome genes are important in retrograde intracellular trafficking and Kupffer's vesicle cilia function

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsan-Jan Yen ◽  
Marwan K. Tayeh ◽  
Robert F. Mullins ◽  
Edwin M. Stone ◽  
Val C. Sheffield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Trafficking ◽  
Bardet Biedl Syndrome ◽  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle

scholarly journals Klf8 regulates left-right asymmetric patterning through modulation of Kupffer’s vesicle morphogenesis and spaw expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Yi Lin ◽  
Ming-Yuan Tsai ◽  
Yu-Hsiu Liu ◽  
Yu-Fen Lu ◽  
Yi-Chung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle
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