scholarly journals A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

10.3791/3823 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Kobayashi ◽  
Ju-Youn Kim ◽  
Vladimir Camarena ◽  
Pamela C. Roehm ◽  
Moses V. Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Primary Neuron ◽  
Neuron Culture ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Primary Neuron Culture ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of herpes simplex virus latency.

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
E K Wagner ◽  
D C Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Simplex Virus

The clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus infection generally involve a mild and localized primary infection followed by asymptomatic (latent) infection interrupted sporadically by periods of recrudescence (reactivation) where virus replication and associated cytopathologic findings are manifest at the site of initial infection. During the latent phase of infection, viral genomes, but not infectious virus itself, can be detected in sensory and autonomic neurons. The process of latent infection and reactivation has been subject to continuing investigation in animal models and, more recently, in cultured cells. The initiation and maintenance of latent infection in neurons are apparently passive phenomena in that no virus gene products need be expressed or are required. Despite this, a single latency-associated transcript (LAT) encoded by DNA encompassing about 6% of the viral genome is expressed during latent infection in a minority of neurons containing viral DNA. This transcript is spliced, and the intron derived from this splicing is stably maintained in the nucleus of neurons expressing it. Reactivation, which can be induced by stress and assayed in several animal models, is facilitated by the expression of LAT. Although the mechanism of action of LAT-mediated facilitation of reactivation is not clear, all available evidence argues against its involving the expression of a protein. Rather, the most consistent models of action involve LAT expression playing a cis-acting role in a very early stage of the reactivation process.

Retention of Nonlinear Viral DNA during Herpes simplex Virus Latency in vitro

Intervirology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris M. Preston ◽  
Jackie Russell
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Physical characterization of the herpes simplex virus latency-associated transcript in neurons.

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1194-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
E K Wagner ◽  
G Devi-Rao ◽  
L T Feldman ◽  
A T Dobson ◽  
Y F Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Physical Characterization ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals Herpes Simplex Virus Latency Is Noisier the Closer We Look

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navneet Singh ◽  
David C. Tscharke
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Peripheral Neurons ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Simplex Virus

ABSTRACT During herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency, the viral genome is harbored in peripheral neurons in the absence of infectious virus but with the potential to restart infection. Advances in epigenetics have helped explain how viral gene expression is largely inhibited during latency. Paradoxically, at the same time, the view that latency is entirely silent has been eroding. This low-level noise has implications for our understanding of HSV latency and should not be ignored.

Neuronal Control of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency

Virology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Tenser ◽  
Wade A. Edris ◽  
Kathleen A. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Neuronal Control ◽  
Simplex Virus
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