Antijüdische Politik und deren Bewältigung. Das Wirken der Sozialversicherungsabteilung des Reichsarbeitsministeriums im „Dritten Reich“

Alexander Klimo

doi:10.3790/sfo.68.2.151

Antijüdische Politik und deren Bewältigung. Das Wirken der Sozialversicherungsabteilung des Reichsarbeitsministeriums im „Dritten Reich“

Sozialer Fortschritt ◽

10.3790/sfo.68.2-3.151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (2-3) ◽

pp. 151-162

Author(s):

Alexander Klimo

Keyword(s):

Civil Servants ◽

Nazi Germany ◽

Federal Republic Of Germany ◽

Nazi Regime ◽

Pension Insurance ◽

National Socialist ◽

The Past ◽

The Social ◽

The One ◽

Anti Jewish

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Rolle der Rentenversicherungspolitik des Reichsarbeitsministeriums im „Dritten Reich“. Auf der einen Seite stellt er dar, wie die Rentenversicherung herangezogen worden ist, um zusätzliche Arbeitskräfte für den Arbeitseinsatz zu gewinnen. Dabei wurde die Rentenversicherung durch die Gesetzgebung des Reichsarbeitsministeriums komplett auf die Anforderungen des nationalsozialistischen Arbeitseinsatzes ausgerichtet. Auf der anderen Seite beleuchtet er die Diskriminierung von jüdischen Versicherten und Rentnern. Die zuständigen Beamten des Reichsarbeitsministeriums und der Rentenversicherungsträger besaßen umfangreiche Freiräume, um die Ziele des Regimes zu verfolgen und zu unterstützen. Die nach dem Krieg verfolgten Rechtfertigungsstrategien und die mangelhafte Aufarbeitung der eigenen Rolle im „Dritten Reich“ hinderten hohe Beamte der Sozialversicherung nicht daran, ihre Karrieren in der Sozialverwaltung der Bundesrepublik fortzuführen. Abstract Anti-Jewish policy and its coming to terms with the past. The work of the social security department of the Reich Ministry of Labour in Nazi Germany The article examines the pension insurance policy of the Reich Ministry of Labour in Nazi Germany. On the one hand, it shows how the pension insurance has been used to generate additional workforces for the labour market. The pension insurance was completely aligned by the legislation of the Reich Ministry of Labour on the requirements of the National Socialist labour service. On the other hand, it highlights discrimination against Jewish insurants and pensioners. The responsible civil servants of the Reich Ministry of Labour and the pension insurance providers used their possibilities to pursue and support the goals of the Nazi regime. The justification strategies pursued after the war and the inadequate working up of one’s own role in Nazi Germany did not preventhigh civil servants from continuing their careers in the social administration of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Download Full-text

Alterssicherungssystem und Reichsversicherungsanstalt für Angestellte (RfA) in der „Volksgemeinschaft“. Zur Geschichte der Rentenversicherung in der NS-Zeit

Sozialer Fortschritt ◽

10.3790/sfo.68.2.107 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 107-127

Author(s):

Paul Erker

Keyword(s):

Public Pension ◽

The Other ◽

Administrative State ◽

Pension Policy ◽

Nazi Regime ◽

Pension Insurance ◽

National Socialist ◽

Insurance Carrier ◽

History Of ◽

The One

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag untersucht die Entwicklung der RfA, dem Versicherungsträger der Angestellten, als Teil des NS-Herrschaftssystems und im Kontext der nationalsozialistischen Rentenpolitik. Dabei geht es zum einen um die RfA als Behörde und den Prozess ihrer Transformation zu einem Teil des NS-Verwaltungsstaates, zum anderen um die Probleme der Umsetzung von Rentengesetzen aus der Perspektive der RfA am Beispiel des Handwerker-Versorgungsgesetz, und drittens schließlich wird die Diskriminierung und Exklusion von jüdischen Versicherten und Rentnern aus der Angestelltenversicherung thematisiert. Abstract History of the Pension Insurance of the Nazi regime: RfA as an insurance carrier for employees in the context of the National Socialist public pension policy The article examines the development of the RfA as an insurance carrier for employees as part of the Nazi regime and in the context of the National Socialist public pension policy. On the one hand it concerns the RfA as authority and the process of its transformation to a part of the NS administrative state, on the other hand the problems of the implementation of pension laws from the perspective of the RfA on the example of the craftsman supply law, and thirdly finally the discrimination and exclusion of Jewish insured and pensioners from the employee insurance.

Download Full-text

Alterssicherungssystem und Reichsversicherungsanstalt für Angestellte (RfA) in der „Volksgemeinschaft“. Zur Geschichte der Rentenversicherung in der NS-Zeit

Sozialer Fortschritt ◽

10.3790/sfo.68.2-3.107 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (2-3) ◽

pp. 107-127

Author(s):

Paul Erker

Keyword(s):

Public Pension ◽

The Other ◽

Administrative State ◽

Pension Policy ◽

Nazi Regime ◽

Pension Insurance ◽

National Socialist ◽

Insurance Carrier ◽

History Of ◽

The One

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag untersucht die Entwicklung der RfA, dem Versicherungsträger der Angestellten, als Teil des NS-Herrschaftssystems und im Kontext der nationalsozialistischen Rentenpolitik. Dabei geht es zum einen um die RfA als Behörde und den Prozess ihrer Transformation zu einem Teil des NS-Verwaltungsstaates, zum anderen um die Probleme der Umsetzung von Rentengesetzen aus der Perspektive der RfA am Beispiel des Handwerker-Versorgungsgesetz, und drittens schließlich wird die Diskriminierung und Exklusion von jüdischen Versicherten und Rentnern aus der Angestelltenversicherung thematisiert. Abstract History of the Pension Insurance of the Nazi regime: RfA as an insurance carrier for employees in the context of the National Socialist public pension policy The article examines the development of the RfA as an insurance carrier for employees as part of the Nazi regime and in the context of the National Socialist public pension policy. On the one hand it concerns the RfA as authority and the process of its transformation to a part of the NS administrative state, on the other hand the problems of the implementation of pension laws from the perspective of the RfA on the example of the craftsman supply law, and thirdly finally the discrimination and exclusion of Jewish insured and pensioners from the employee insurance.

Download Full-text

Benson and Miller in Perspective

Social Science History ◽

10.1017/s0145553200022999 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 3 (3-4) ◽

pp. 242-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bruce Kuklick

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Social Policy ◽

Applied Science ◽

The Other ◽

Social Knowledge ◽

The Past ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

The One ◽

Stock Of Knowledge

Despite differences in coloration Miller and Benson are birds of a feather. Although he is no Pollyanna, Miller believes that there has been a modest and decent series of advances in the social sciences and that the most conscientious, diligent, and intelligent researchers will continue to add to this stock of knowledge. Benson is much more pessimistic about the achievements of yesterday and today but, in turn, offers us the hope of a far brighter tomorrow. Miller explains Benson’s hyperbolic views about the past and future by distinguishing between pure and applied science and by pointing out Benson’s naivete about politics: the itch to understand the world is different from the one to make it better; and, Miller says, because Benson sees that we have not made things better, he should not assume we do not know more about them; Benson ought to realize, Miller adds, that the way politicians translate basic social knowledge into social policy need not bring about rational or desirable results. On the other side, Benson sees more clearly than Miller that the development of science has always been intimately intertwined with the control of the environment and the amelioration of the human estate.

Download Full-text

Sexual Ontology and Group Marriage

Philosophy ◽

10.1017/s0031819100068704 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 58 (224) ◽

pp. 215-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stephen R. L. Clark

Keyword(s):

Social Institutions ◽

The State ◽

Political Community ◽

The Other ◽

Unmarried Mother ◽

The Past ◽

The Social ◽

The One

Philosophers of earlier ages have usually spent time in considering thenature of marital, and in general familial, duty. Paley devotes an entire book to those ‘relative duties which result from the constitution of the sexes’,1 a book notable on the one hand for its humanity and on the other for Paley‘s strange refusal to acknowledge that the evils for which he condemns any breach of pure monogamy are in large part the result of the fact that such breaches are generally condemned. In a society where an unmarried mother is ruined no decent male should put a woman in such danger: but why precisely should social feeling be so severe? Marriage, the monogamist would say, must be defended at all costs, for it is a centrally important institution of our society. Political community was, in the past, understood as emerging from or imposed upon families, or similar associations. The struggle to establish the state was a struggle against families, clans and clubs; the state, once established, rested upon the social institutions to which it gave legal backing.

Download Full-text

“I’ve always been the one who drops everything”: the lived experiences and life-course impacts of young adult women carers

International Journal of Care and Caring ◽

10.1332/239788220x15859363711424 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 331-348

Author(s):

Marjorie Silverman ◽

Shari Brotman ◽

Marc Molgat ◽

Elizabeth Gagnon

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Adult Women ◽

Social Forces ◽

Young Adult Women ◽

The Past ◽

Personal Stories ◽

The Social ◽

Women's Lives ◽

The One

Based on findings from a Canadian-based study, this article examines the stories of young adult women carers. Young adult women caring for a parent or grandparent were interviewed using social network maps, participant-driven photography and care timelines. The findings reveal numerous impacts on the women’s lives, which we categorise according to three temporal periods: the past (how they came to be carers); the present (their daily realities of care); and the future (how they imagine what is ahead). We conclude with a discussion regarding the tensions between the women’s personal stories and the social forces that shape young women’s caring.

Download Full-text

Biological Ideas and Their Cultural Uses

Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture Series ◽

10.1017/s0957042x00001954 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 111-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ted Benton

Keyword(s):

Biological Evolution ◽

The Other ◽

Human Sciences ◽

Political Organizations ◽

Human Species ◽

The Past ◽

The Social ◽

The One ◽

The Individual ◽

Do So

The topic of my talk is a very ancient one indeed. It bears upon the place of humankind in nature, and upon the place of nature in ourselves. I shall, however, be discussing this range of questions in terms which have not always been available to the philosophers of the past when they have asked them. When we ask these questions today we do so with hindsight of some two centuries of endeavour in the ‘human sciences’, and some one and a half centuries of attempts to situate the human species within a theory of biological evolution. And these ways of thinking about ourselves and our relation to nature have not been confined to professional intellectuals, nor have they been without practical consequences. Social movements and political organizations have fought for and sometimes achieved the power to give practical shape to their theoretical visions. On the one hand, are diverse projects aimed at changing society through a planned modification of the social environment of the individual. On the other hand, are equally diverse projects for pulling society back into conformity with the requirements of race and heredity. At first sight, the two types of project appear to be, and often are, deeply opposed, both intellectually and politically.

Download Full-text

The impact of automation and robotics on motivation

Acta Carolus Robertus ◽

10.33032/acr.2574 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Péter Krecz ◽

Andrea Herneczky ◽

József Csernák ◽

Aranka Baranyi

Keyword(s):

Industrial Revolution ◽

Employee Motivation ◽

The Past ◽

Long Run ◽

The Social ◽

The One ◽

The Impact ◽

Industrial Revolutions ◽

And Robotics ◽

Effective Contribution

Special attention should be paid to the human factors that influence the competitiveness of companies when analysing the correlations of economic processes. It is no longer controversial today that human capital is an important and crucial factor in a company's performance. The efficient, effective contribution of human resources to an organization's success depends to a large extent on how it can ensure employees' motivation in the long run. Robotics and automation are gaining more and more ground nowadays. In our study we explore how employee motivation is influenced by the rapid and widespread use of robotics. The industrial revolution that is still going on today is bringing enormous changes. The industrial revolutions that happened earlier in history have fundamentally changed the lives of people and have always posed serious challenges to various economic actors. Changes have had a dual impact in the past. On the one hand, industrial production has resulted in a change in the economy and, on the other hand, a huge change in the social structure. In recent years, mechanization has seemed extreme, but this phase must be seen today as a natural part of daily life.

Download Full-text

Pathogenetic features of chronic osteomyelitis treatment

Genij Ortopedii ◽

10.18019/1028-4427-2021-27-5-628-635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 628-635

Author(s):

D.V. Rimashevskiy ◽

◽

I.F. Akhtyamov ◽

P.N. Fedulichev ◽

Wessam Zaalan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissues ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Joint Function ◽

The Past ◽

Joint Pathology ◽

The Social ◽

Severe Pathology ◽

The One

Abstract Over the past decades, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of osteomyelitis. It is associated with an increased use of implants in traumatology and orthopedics. The social aspects of osteomyelitis are, on the one hand, significant financial costs for the healthcare system, and on the other hand, high recurrence and re-infection in the treatment of joint pathology associated with long-term loss of work ability and a high risk of patient’s disability. Purpose To conduct a search and analysis of publications in Russian and English, devoted to the problem of osteomyelitis and periprosthetic infection, on the basis of which to summarize the main current notions about the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of osteomyelitis. Materials and methods The search was carried out in the Pubmed and CyberLeninka databases of literature sources over the past 10 years. The data were analyzed and compared with the materials from earlier publications. Only publications from peer-reviewed journals were considered for analysis. Results and discussion Success in the treatment of peri-implant infection with prosthesis re-implantation and satisfactory joint function has been achieved in only just more than a half of patients. Recent studies have significantly changed the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of osteomyelitis. It has been proven that in osteomyelitis and implant-associated infection, four reservoirs of infection are formed in the patient's body: abscesses in soft tissues and bone marrow canal, biofilms on the surface of implants and necrotic tissues, intracellular colonization with bacteria of the macroorganism and lacunar-canalicular system. Understanding the mechanisms of osteomyelitis development and its course forces the specialists to take a fresh look at the causes of failures in the fight against such a severe pathology and change approaches to its prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Download Full-text

Managerial reforms, Public Service Bargains and top civil servant identity

International Review of Administrative Sciences ◽

10.1177/0020852312467739 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 49-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jacques Bourgault ◽

Karolien Van Dorpe

Keyword(s):

Public Service ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Civil Servant ◽

Civil Servants ◽

Employment Relationship ◽

Corporate Management ◽

The Past ◽

The Social ◽

Wide Range

In the past couple of decades, a wide range of managerial reforms have been witnessed in many OECD countries. These reforms may have significantly affected the identity of top civil servants. This change in identity may, in turn, have an impact on the performance of top officials, their roles, their views, their relations with political personnel and their expected competencies. Within a sample of countries (Belgium, Canada, Denmark, and the Netherlands) we explore these reforms, the changes that have occurred in top officials’ identity (personal, role and social) with document analysis and a series of interviews. We conclude that in all cases, regardless of the goals or the intensity of the reforms, there is now more individualization, more mobility, fixed-term contracts and more accountability. We did not find a full-blown managerial or any unambiguous evolution towards a pure managerial identity. Points for practitioners Managerial reforms certainly affect the relationships between politicians and top civil servants. Role perceptions of top civil servants are, depending on the context, more resistant to change than expected. Despite the omnipresent managerial discourse, the role of policy advisor remains very important. Corporate management designs tend to facilitate corporate identification, the type of employment relationship, contract and level of goals, thus affecting the social identity of top civil servants.

Download Full-text