scholarly journals Statins, an important tool in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Radu-Valentin Coltuc ◽  
◽  
Mihai Cezar Popescu ◽  
Victor Stoica ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
First Line ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention

Among the major cardiovascular risk factors an important place is occupied by dyslipidemia. There is clear evidence that increased serum total cholesterol and low density fraction of cholesterol (LDLc) are associated with increased risk of coronary and cerebrovascular events. The therapeutic intervention on hyperlipidemia improves cardiovascular morbi-mortality. The most important class of drugs used in the last three decades to lower cholesterol is represented by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, generically called statins. Their benefit, regarding cardiovascular diseases, has been proven both in primary and in the secondary prevention. With a good tolerability and a good safety profile, statins remain the first line choice in dyslipidemic and even in normolipidemic patients, but with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Outcomes from intracerebral hemorrhage among patients pre-treated with statins

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Ramalho Romero ◽  
Eduardo de Freitas Bertolini ◽  
Vanessa Nogueira Veloso ◽  
Leandro Venturini ◽  
Eberval G. Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Statin Use

OBJECTIVE: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, or statins, have been associated with improved clinical outcomes after ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage, but with an increased risk of incidental spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We investigated whether the statin use before ICH, was associated with functional independence, 90 days after treatment. METHOD: We analyzed 124 consecutive ICH patients with 90-day outcome data who were enrolled in a prospective cohort study between 2006 and 2009. Eighty-three patients were included in this study. Among ICH survivors, univariate Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier plots were used to determine subject characteristics that were associated with an increased risk of recurrence. Statin usage was determined through interviewing the patient at the time of ICH and confirmed by reviewing their medical records. Independent status was defined as Glasgow Outcome Scale grades 4 or 5. RESULTS: Statins were used by 20 out of 83 patients (24%) before ICH onset. There was no effect from pre-ICH statin use on functional independence rates (28% versus 29%, P=0.84) or mortality (46% versus 45%, P=0.93). CONCLUSION: Pre-ICH statin use is not associated with changes to ICH functional outcome or mortality.

Association of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors with Neuropathy

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M Backes ◽  
Patricia A Howard
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Long Term Therapy

OBJECTIVE: To review the possible association between statins and peripheral neuropathy. DATA SOURCES: Literature was obtained from MEDLINE (1984–September 2002) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–June 2002). Key search terms included statin, neuropathy, and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. DATA SYNTHESIS: Epidemiologic studies and case reports suggest an increased risk of peripheral neuropathy with statin drugs. Most patients were receiving long-term therapy, although the onset was highly variable. The majority of cases were at least partially reversible with drug cessation. Specific risk factors or mechanisms have not been identified. CONCLUSIONS: Observational data suggest a link between chronic statin use and increased risk of peripheral neuropathy. However, the risk appears to be small relative to the significant cardioprotective benefits.

STATIN INTOLERANCE: CURRENT STATUS AND MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Gupta ◽  
Nisha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
First Line ◽  
Statin Intolerance ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Coa Reductase

Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors), since their introduction in 1987 are considered the first-line pharmacotherapy for cholesterol reduction. Because of their proven therapeutic ability to prevent cardiovascular disease and to extend life, statins are among one of the most widely prescribed medications. Various randomized clinical trials have consistently shown that statins have a beneficial role in both primary and secondary prevention strategies, with a significant reduction in major vascular events, including death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary revascularization[1].

Statins and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (46) ◽  
pp. 7027-7039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Vogiatzi ◽  
Evangelos Oikonomou ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Sotiris Tsalamandris ◽  
Alexandros Briasoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Immune System Activation ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Coa Reductase

Background: Chronic inflammation and immune system activation underlie a variety of seemingly unrelated cardiac conditions including not only atherosclerosis and the subsequent coronary artery disease but also peripheral artery disease, hypertension with target organ damage and heart failure. The beneficial effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors or statins are mainly attributed to their ability to inhibit hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis. Beyond their lipid lowering activity, ample evidence exists in support of their potent anti-inflammatory properties which initiate from the inhibition of GTPase isoprenylation, activating a cataract of secondary pathways and extend to the inhibition and blocking of immune cell activation and interaction. </P><P> Objective: To summarize the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of statins in clinical and experimental settings in cardiovascular disease. </P><P> Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and the Cochrane Database was conducted in order to identify the majority of trials, studies, current guidelines and novel articles related to the subject. </P><P> Results: In vitro, statins have immuno-modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, and they can exert antiatherosclerotic effects independently of their hypolipidemic actions. In addition, positive results have emerged from mechanistic and experimental studies on the active role of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in HF. By extrapolating those data in clinical setting, we further understand how HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors can beneficially affect not only systolic but also diastolic HF. </P><P> Conclusion: In this review article, we present the basic pathophysiologic data supporting the anti-inflammatory actions of statins in clinical and experimental settings and we link these mechanisms with confirmatory clinical data on the potent non lipid lowering effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

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