Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-141
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Retinal Tears ◽  
Lattice Degeneration ◽  
Major Factors

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is one of the most important retinal diseases requiring urgent surgical treatment. To be aware of the pathophysiology of the disease and to know the risk factors; it is crucial to prevent the development of the disease or overcome the complications that may arise and understand the surgical treatment principles. Major factors in the development of RRD: retinal tears, vitreous liquefaction, and detachment, traction on the retina surface. Myopia, previous cataract surgery, trauma, posterior vitreous detachment, lattice degeneration are the most important risk factors.

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment, Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-141
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Retinal Tears ◽  
Lattice Degeneration ◽  
Major Factors

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is one of the most important retinal diseases requiring urgent surgical treatment. To be aware of the pathophysiology of the disease and to know the risk factors; it is crucial to prevent the development of the disease or overcome the complications that may arise and understand the surgical treatment principles. Major factors in the development of RRD: retinal tears, vitreous liquefaction, and detachment, traction on the retina surface. Myopia, previous cataract surgery, trauma, posterior vitreous detachment, lattice degeneration are the most important risk factors.

scholarly journals Macular edema risk factors after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Igor V. Khizhnyak ◽  
Ernest V. Boiko ◽  
Yaroslav V Bayborodov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Significant Information

BACKGROUND: Despite significant advances in the technology of surgical treatment of regmatogenous retinal detachment, a certain proportion of patients with emerging macular edema against the background of silicone oil tamponade remains. AIM: To evaluate the risk factors of macular edema development and to work out a mathematical model for its prediction based on a retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective case series of 64 patients (64 eyes) with regmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by grade CP proliferative vitreoretinopathy who underwent primary retinal detachment repair. Patients were divided into two groups: with the presence of macular edema in the postoperative period and without it (32 patients in each group). In all cases, at the initial examination, retinal detachment involved the macular area. RESULTS: Using regression analysis, two significant factors were identified: the sum of the 8 meridians of the visual field before surgery (p=0.015) and the number of detached quadrants (p=0.021). Based on the identified factors, a model for predicting macular edema occurrence in the postoperative period in the surgical treatment of regmatogenous retinal detachment was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: The investigation results allowed establishing that the retinal detachment area and the sum of the 8 meridians of the visual field are significant pre-operative factors for macular edema development in retinal detachments with proliferative vitreoretinopathy of CP 1-2 degree. The developed mathematical model based on these indicators is characterized by significant information content and allows predicting macular edema occurrence in the postoperative period. The use of the proposed prognostic model determines a differentiated approach to surgical prevention of macular edema and allows making a decision on the removal of internal limiting membrane at the preoperative stage.

Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment; Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, Clinical Characteristics, and Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-159
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Vitreous Loss ◽  
Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment

Since cataract surgery is the most common intraocular procedure, it also is the most common risk factor for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. It has been realized that 20-40% of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments occur in eyes that have undergone cataract extraction. The risk of pseudophakic retinal detachment can be increased in myopic patients, in those patients in whom vitreous loss had occurred at the time of cataract surgery, and in patients undergoing Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. This review mentions about the risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical and management of pseudophakic retinal detachment.

Retinal Anatomy, Mechanisms of Retinal Adhesion, Retinal Tears, and Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Retinal Detachment

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-143
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Retinal Tears ◽  
Mechanical Bond ◽  
Lattice Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Adhesion

Retinal detachment (RD) is the separation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the neurosensorial layer of the retina. To ensure visual function, these two subunits must be in close contact with each other, but there is no mechanical bond between them. In the formation of this connection, mainly the adhesive forces due to RPE metabolism, interfotoreseptic matrix, and some pressure gradients are involved. Against these factors, the retina is also exposed to opposing forces. The most common cause of retinal tear is the posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Retinal injuries are divided into subgroups as atrophic holes, retinal tears, and retinal dialysis. Lattice degeneration, degenerative retinoschisis, and peripheral cystoid degeneration are predisposing to the development of RD.

scholarly journals Macular edema after surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment – the possibilities of its prediction

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6-1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
E. V. Boiko ◽  
I. V. Khizhnyak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Internal Limiting Membrane ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Preoperative Stage

The aim: to develop a mathematical model for predicting macular edema based on the informativeness of clinical and instrumental predictors of its occurrence.Materials and methods. To determine the risk factors for macular edema 64 patients (64 eyes) with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (grade Cp 1–2) were selected. A retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment results was carried out. The age of the patients ranged from 30 to 81 years (28 women and 36 men).Results. Using regression analysis, two signifi cant factors were identifi ed: the sum of 8 meridians of the visual fi eld before surgery (p = 0.015) and the number of detached quadrants (p = 0.021). Based on the identifi ed factors, a model was obtained for predicting the occurrence of macular edema in the postoperative period for the patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Conclusion. Based on the analysis of clinical and instrumental indicators in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, a mathematical model has been developed that allows predicting the occurrence of macular edema in the postoperative period.The application of the proposed prediction model makes it possible to determine the tactics of treatment (peeling of internal limiting membrane) and predict the appearance of macular edema at the preoperative stage.

Extrascleral Filling Using Endoillumination the First Experiencethe

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
V.Y. Markevich ◽  
◽  
T.A. Imshenetskaya ◽  
O.A. Yarmak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Crystalline Lens ◽  
Vitreous Cavity ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
General Group ◽  
Anatomical Outcome

Purpose. To study the effectiveness of extrascleral filling (ESF) using endoillumination in the surgical treatment of patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Material and methods. The material for the study was the data of a comprehensive clinical examination and surgical treatment by ESF method using endoillumination in 17 patients (17 eyes) with RRD. In 7 cases (41%), the macular area was involved in the detachment process. In 5 cases (29.4%), local scleral filling was performed. In the remaining 12 cases (70.6%), the local ESF was supplemented with a circling silicone element. Surgical intervention was supplemented by transscleral drainage of subretinal fluid (SRF) in 10 cases (59%) and pneumatic retinopexy with SF6 gas 50% in 8 cases (48%). Results. In the general group of patients, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased from 0.35 to 0.46. In the subgroup of patients with a detached macular area, the positive dynamics is more pronounced, BCVA increased from 0.1 to 0.28. The progression of proliferative vitreoretinopathy caused the recurrence of retinal detachment in two patients (11.8%). Recurrences were diagnosed after 3 and 5 months, respectively. In both cases, a vitrectomy with tamponade of the vitreous cavity with silicone oil 5000 Cst was performed. The percentage of successful anatomical outcome after the first operation in our study was 82%. The percentage of successful achievement of the final anatomical result was 94%. In two cases, additional injection of SF6 gas into the vitreous cavity was required. Conclusion. This type of surgical treatment is an effective method of surgical treatment of patients with RRD. In our study, the successful anatomical outcome after the first operation was recorded in 82% of patients, which correlates with the data of the authors who also used this method (83–92%). Surgeons who performed surgical treatment using this technique in our study note improved workplace ergonomics when visualizing the fundus using an operating microscope and endoillumination compared with indirect ophthalmoscopy. Other teams of authors came to this conclusion as well. In our study, there were no complications associated with the introduction of a light pipe into the vitreous cavity (iatrogenic crystalline lens injury, endophthalmitis), which indicates the safety of this type of surgical treatment.

The urgency of surgical treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Feltgen ◽  
Josep Callizo ◽  
Lars-Olof Hattenbach ◽  
Hans Hoerauf
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

scholarly journals Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Retinal Detachment after Pediatric Cataract Surgery

Ophthalmology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumita Agarkar ◽  
Varada Vinay Gokhale ◽  
Rajiv Raman ◽  
Muna Bhende ◽  
Gayathri Swaminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Pediatric Cataract ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Pediatric Cataract Surgery
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