scholarly journals Stem Cell Treatment and Gene Therapy in Diabetic Retinopathy

2018 ◽  
pp. 189-193
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Severe Visual Loss ◽  
Gene Treatment ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Stem Cell Treatment

New treatment modalities have been under investigation in patients with diabetic retinopathy whose severe visual loss cannot be prevented despite the strict metabolic control and all treatment modalities currently used. It is shown that stem cell applications can be able to prevent the retinopathy progression in studies on diabetic models of experimental animals. However, there is no clinical study on this regard in the literature up to date. Gene treatment studies have mostly focused on ocular pathologies that result in single-gene mutations. The main limiting factors for these studies are that, diabetic retinopathy is polygenic and relatively heterogeneous. and has complex pathogenesis, and lasts for many years.

scholarly journals Translational Research in Stem Cell Treatment of Neuromuscular Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Orbay ◽  
Hiroshi Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Precursor Cell Line ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Significant Disability ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Stem Cell Treatment

Neuromuscular diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases that lead to significant disability in effected individuals. Pharmacological treatments failed to provide any significant improvement to date. Recently, the introduction of stem cells into the field of health sciences raised the hopes for a new treatment for neuromuscular diseases. In theory, stem cells, owing to their multilineage differentiation capacity, could differentiate into myofibers and neurons and replace the degenerated cells leading to recovery of the patients. Results obtained from the preclinical studies supported this theory. However, clinical trials with stem cells could not meet the expectations mainly because of early mortality, limited migration, and differentiation of the implanted cells. Modification of the stem cells before implantation, such as introduction of deficient genes or commitment to a precursor cell line provided little improvement. The biggest barrier to overcome for a successful of stem cell treatment, which also should be the focus of the future studies, is to increase the functional integration of the donor cells with the recipient tissues. Understanding the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of the neuromuscular diseases is essential to achieve this goal.

scholarly journals Effects of SGLT2 Inhibition on Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Leley ◽  
Qianyi Luo ◽  
Ashay Bhatwadekar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibition ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Acellular Capillaries

Background and Hypothesis: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population, and its prevalence is increasing. New treatment modalities must be developed to slow the progression of DR. SGLT2 inhibition has shown promise in treating other diabetic complications; however, its effect on DR remains unknown, therefore, for this study, we hypothesize that SGLT2 inhibition will reduce the harmful effects of DR. Methods: Diabetic (db/db) mice were fed 10 mg/kg of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in their diet for 6 months, non-diabetic (db/m) mice on a regular diet served as controls. In parallel, human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) were used as in-vitro models and treated with dapagliflozin to assess glucose uptake via a 2-(N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)Amino)-2-Deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) assay. Results: Our studies show that db/db mice with dapagliflozin had significantly fewer acellular capillaries compared to untreated db/db mice. Furthermore, Dapagliflozin treatment at 1 and 10 µM concentrations of dapagliflozin yielded a significant decrease in glucose uptake compared to respective vehicle controls. Conclusion: Our study shows that SGLT2 inhibition has a promise in treating DR by reducing acellular capillaries and retinal glucose transport suggesting the potential of dapagliflozin treatment in DR.

scholarly journals When stem cells meet COVID-19: recent advances, challenges and future perspectives

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasha Li ◽  
Hecheng Zhu ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Weidong Liu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Hypoxic Respiratory Failure ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Stem Cell Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 is currently spreading throughout the world with a high rate of infection and mortality and poses a huge threat to global public health. COVID-19 primarily manifests as hypoxic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can lead to multiple organ failure. Despite advances in the supportive care approaches, there is still a lack of clinically effective therapies, and there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies to fight this disease. Currently, stem cell therapy and stem cell-derived organoid models have received extensive attention as a new treatment and research method for COVID-19. Here, we discuss how stem cells play a role in the battle against COVID-19 and present a systematic review and prospective of the study on stem cell treatment and organoid models of COVID-19, which provides a reference for the effective control of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide.

Management of thoracic aortic lesions - the future is endovascular

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidenhagen ◽  
Bombien ◽  
Meimarakis ◽  
Geisler ◽  
A. Koeppel
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Descending Thoracic Aorta ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Aneurysm Dissection

Open surgical repair of lesions of the descending thoracic aorta, such as aneurysm, dissection and traumatic rupture, has been the “state-of-the-art” treatment for many decades. However, in specialized cardiovascular centers, thoracic endovascular aortic repair and hybrid aortic procedures have been implemented as novel treatment options. The current clinical results show that these procedures can be performed with low morbidity and mortality rates. However, due to a lack of randomized trials, the level of reliability of these new treatment modalities remains a matter of discussion. Clinical decision-making is generally based on the experience of the vascular center as well as on individual factors, such as life expectancy, comorbidity, aneurysm aetiology, aortic diameter and morphology. This article will review and discuss recent publications of open surgical, hybrid thoracic aortic (in case of aortic arch involvement) and endovascular repair in complex pathologies of the descending thoracic aorta.

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