Neuroanatomical study on the acupuncture mechanism. Dichotomized postganglionic neurons between the pelvic nerve and the somatic nerve.

1990 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
Akio OGASAWARA ◽  
Katsuyuki OHNISHI ◽  
Takesi KADOTA ◽  
Kanji IWAHASI ◽  
Kengo TSUNEKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Somatic Nerve

scholarly journals Bladder reinnervation by somatic nerve transfer to pelvic nerve vesical branches does not reinnervate the urethra

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Mary F. Barbe ◽  
Alan S. Braverman ◽  
Danielle M. Salvadeo ◽  
Sandra M. Gomez‐Amaya ◽  
Neil S. Lamarre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Somatic Nerve

scholarly journals Engineered Stem Cells Improve Neurogenic Bladder by Overexpressing SDF-1 in a Pelvic Nerve Injury Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 096368972090246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan Qun Zhu ◽  
Seung Hwan Jeon ◽  
Kyu Won Lee ◽  
Hyuk Jin Cho ◽  
U-Syn Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Injured Nerve

There is still a lack of sufficient research on the mechanism behind neurogenic bladder (NB) treatment. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of overexpressed stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) secreted by engineered immortalized mesenchymal stem cells (imMSCs) on the NB. In this study, primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were transfected into immortalized upregulated SDF-1-engineered BM-MSCs (imMSCs/eSDF-1+) or immortalized normal SDF-1-engineered BM-MSCs (imMSCs/eSDF-1−). NB rats induced by bilateral pelvic nerve (PN) transection were treated with imMSCs/eSDF-1+, imMSCs/eSDF-1−, or sham. After a 4-week treatment, the bladder function was assessed by cystometry and voiding pattern analysis. The PN and bladder tissues were evaluated via immunostaining and western blotting analysis. We found that imMSCs/eSDF-1+ expressed higher levels of SDF-1 in vitro and in vivo. The treatment of imMSCs/eSDF-1+ improved NB and evidently stimulated the recovery of bladder wall in NB rats. The recovery of injured nerve was more effective in the NB+imMSCs/eSDF-1+ group than in other groups. High SDF-1 expression improved the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Apoptosis was decreased after imMSCs injection, and was detected rarely in the NB+imMSCs/eSDF-1+ group. Injection of imMSCs boosted the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, p-AKT, and p-ERK in the NB+imMSCs/eSDF-1+ group than in other groups. Our findings demonstrated that overexpression of SDF-1 induced additional MSC homing to the injured tissue, which improved the NB by accelerating the restoration of injured nerve in a rat model.

Change of propagation speed of action potential in axons bunch of frog"s somatic nerve ex vivo and processes of inactivation under local laser influence

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Akchurin ◽  
Garif G. Akchurin ◽  
Roman P. Gorshkov ◽  
Leonid A. Melnikov ◽  
Vyacheslav G. Ninel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Somatic Nerve

scholarly journals Cystitis increases colorectal afferent sensitivity in the mouse

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (6) ◽  
pp. G1250-G1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodolfo Brumovsky ◽  
Bin Feng ◽  
Linjing Xu ◽  
Carly Jane McCarthy ◽  
G. F. Gebhart
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Mechanical Sensitivity ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Colon Inflammation ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Peripheral Mechanism ◽  
Inflammatory Soup

Studies in humans and rodents suggest that colon inflammation promotes urinary bladder hypersensitivity and, conversely, that cystitis contributes to colon hypersensitivity, events referred to as cross-organ sensitization. To investigate a potential peripheral mechanism, we examined whether cystitis alters the sensitivity of pelvic nerve colorectal afferents. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with cyclophosphamide (CYP) or saline, and the mechanosensitive properties of single afferent fibers innervating the colorectum were studied with an in vitro preparation. In addition, mechanosensitive receptive endings were exposed to an inflammatory soup (IS) to study sensitization. Urinary bladder mechanosensitive afferents were also tested. We found that baseline responses of stretch-sensitive colorectal afferents did not differ between treatment groups. Whereas IS excited a proportion of colorectal afferents CYP treatment did not alter the magnitude of this response. However, the number of stretch-sensitive fibers excited by IS was increased relative to saline-treated mice. Responses to IS were not altered by CYP treatment, but the proportion of IS-responsive fibers was increased relative to saline-treated mice. In bladder, IS application increased responses of muscular afferents to stretch, although no differences were detected between saline- and CYP-treated mice. In contrast, their chemosensitivity to IS was decreased in the CYP-treated group. Histological examination revealed no changes in colorectum and modest edema and infiltration in the urinary bladder of CYP-treated mice. In conclusion, CYP treatment increased mechanical sensitivity of colorectal muscular afferents and increased the proportion of chemosensitive colorectal afferents. These data support a peripheral contribution to cross-organ sensitization of pelvic organs.

5 . VIP-containing nerves in the bladder and sacral cord

1985 ◽  
Vol 308 (1136) ◽  
pp. 411-411
Keyword(s):  
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Cervical Level

It is known that the concentration of vasoactive intestinal peptide (V IP) in the dorsal sacral cord can be as much as 50 times the dorsal cervical level in humans and cats (Anand et al. 1983; Gibson et al. 1984). The role of VIP in nociception is unclear but it is contained in small diameter axons (these experiments investigate the origin of VIP in the sacral cord, and the possibility that this peptide is preferentially located in pelvic nerve afferent fibres). The immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay methods have been described previously (Anand et al. 1983).

Inhibitory control of proximal colonic motility by the sympathetic nervous system

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (4) ◽  
pp. G531-G539 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Gillis ◽  
J. Dias Souza ◽  
K. A. Hicks ◽  
A. W. Mangel ◽  
F. D. Pagani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the sympathetic nervous system provides a tonic inhibitory input to the colon in chloralose-anesthetized cats. Proximal and midcolonic motility were monitored using extraluminal force transducers. An intravenous bolus injection of 5 mg of phentolamine in 14 animals elicited a pronounced increase in proximal colon contractility. The minute motility index changed from 0 +/- 0 to 26 +/- 4 after phentolamine administration. Midcolonic motility also increased in response to phentolamine. Specific blockade of alpha 2-receptors, but not alpha 1-receptors, caused the same response seen with phentolamine. alpha-Adrenergic blockade increased colon contractility after spinal cord transection but not after ganglionic blockade. Blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptors was also performed before vagal and pelvic nerve stimulation and in both cases increased colonic motility. Vagal stimulation alone had no effect on colonic contractility, while pelvic nerve stimulation increased motility at the midcolon. alpha-Receptor blockade did not alter the ineffectiveness of vagal stimulation but did unmask excitatory effects of pelvic nerve stimulation on the proximal colon. All excitatory colonic responses were prevented by blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors. These data indicate that tonic sympathetic nervous system activity exerts an inhibitory effect on colonic motility. The inhibitory effect is mediated through alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Based on these findings, we suggest that alterations in sympathetic nervous system activity may be extremely important for the regulation of circular muscle contractions in the colon.

Systemic Oxytocin Induces a Prolactin Secretory Rhythm Via the Pelvic Nerve in Ovariectomized Rats

2011 ◽  
pp. P1-400-P1-400
Author(s):  
Cleyde V Helena ◽  
Ruth Cristancho-Gordo ◽  
Arturo E Gonzalez-Iglesias ◽  
Joel Tabak ◽  
Richard Bertram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Pelvic Nerve
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