Abstract
Six dogs with signs of obstructive urolithiasis presented to University Veterinary Hospitals Mannuthy and Kokkalai, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University over a period of two months formed subject for the present study. All the animals were having history of difficult urination with clinical signs like stranguria, pollakuria, anuria and/or haematuria. Haemato-biochemical investigations, blood gas analysis, urinalysis, survey radiographs and ultrasonography were performed to arrive at a conclusive diagnosis. Surgical interventions were done under general anaesthesia using either urethrotomy, cystotomy or a combination of both, depending upon the site of obstruction. Post-operative pH modulators, anti-spasmodics, antibiotics and analgesic therapy were employed depending upon the condition of patient and all the animals had an uneventful recovery. When stones retrieved through surgery were subjected to Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) to identify the chemical composition, three samples were identified as a combination of struvite, calcium oxalate dihydrate and calcium apatite crystals and three samples were a mixture of calcium oxalate monohydrate and calcium phosphate. Identification of specific calculi composition using spectroscopy was helpful in prevention of recurrence through management practices and therapeutic diet postoperative.
A Study of HCCI Combustion Using FT-IR Gas Analysis and Spectroscopic Measurements