Anatomical study of the external ear muscles of the camel with special reference to the external acoustic meatus and the blood and nerve supply

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Auricular Branch

The purpose of this study was to describe the muscle anatomy of the external ear. Twelve head clinically healthy camels, 1-4 years old, were used in this study. They obtained from the Buraidah slaughterhouse. The study revealed that many ear muscles, which were responsible for the movement of the ear. These muscles distributed as dorsal, ventral, rostral and caudal muscles. The current study presented the external acoustic meatus, which has two parts cartilaginous, and osseous parts and it is covered with skin. The study indicated an external acoustic canal. The canal was long and oblique in camel; It prevents the rapid spread of epidemics, infections and the wounds or lesions of the tympanic membrane. As well as this study showed the external ear derived the nerves supply from the cranial auricular branch and caudal auricular branch. While the blood supply was given by caudal auricular and the rostral auricular arteries.

scholarly journals Anatomical study of the pancreas in the house musk shrew (Suncus murinus), with special reference to the blood supply and innervation

2003 ◽  
Vol 273A (1) ◽  
pp. 630-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang-Qin Yi ◽  
Takashi Shimokawa ◽  
Keiichi Akita ◽  
Tetsuo Ohta ◽  
Masato Kayahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Suncus Murinus ◽  
Musk Shrew

Blood Supply and Innervation of the Supermedial Thigh Flap Employed in One-stage Reconstruction of the Scrotum and Vulva—an Anatomical Study

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 504-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaron Har-Shai ◽  
Bernard Hirshowitz ◽  
Arie Marcovich ◽  
Isaac Eliachar ◽  
Bezalel A. Peretz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
One Stage ◽  
One Stage Reconstruction

Arterial blood supply to the infrahyoid muscles: An anatomical study

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Eliachar ◽  
A. Marcovich ◽  
Y. Har Shai ◽  
E. Lindenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Arterial Blood Supply ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals Macroscopic description of the external and middle ear of paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro L. Martins ◽  
Ijanete Almeida-Silva ◽  
Maria Rossato ◽  
Adriana A.B. Murashima ◽  
Miguel A. Hyppolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Macroscopic Description ◽  
Mouse Ear

Abstract: Paca (Cuniculus paca), one of the largest rodents of the Brazilian fauna, has inherent characteristics of its species which can conribute as a new option for animal experimantation. As there is a growing demand for suitable experimental models in audiologic and otologic surgical research, the gross anatomy and ultrastructural ear of this rodent have been analyzed and described in detail. Fifteen adult pacas from the Wild Animals Sector herd of Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Unesp-Jaboticabal, were used in this study. After anesthesia and euthanasia, we evaluated the entire composition of the external ear, registering and ddescribing the details; the temporal region was often dissected for a better view and detailing of the tympanic bulla which was removed and opened to expose the ear structures analyzed mascroscopically and ultrastructurally. The ear pinna has a triangular and concave shape with irregular ridges and sharp apex. The external auditory canal is winding in its path to the tympanic mebrane. The tympanic bulla is is on the back-bottom of the skull. The middle ear is formed by a cavity region filled with bone and membranous structures bounded by the tympanic membrane and the oval and round windows. The tympanic membrane is flat and seals the ear canal. The anatomy of the paca ear is similar to the guinea pig and from the viewpoint of experimental model has major advantages compared with the mouse ear.

scholarly journals An anatomical study of the blood supply of the soleus muscle in humans

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehab Mostafa Mohamed El Zawawy ◽  
Nancy Mohamed El Sekily
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Anatomical Study

Endoscopic removal of a suprasellar arachnoid cyst: an anatomical study with special reference to skull base

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Dagain ◽  
Jean-François Lepeintre ◽  
Pietro Scarone ◽  
Ciprien Costache ◽  
Michel Dupuy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Endoscopic Removal ◽  
Suprasellar Arachnoid Cyst

Nerve Supply of the Human Pulmonary Veins: An Anatomical Study

Heart Rhythm ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimundas Vaitkevicius ◽  
Inga Saburkina ◽  
Kristina Rysevaite ◽  
Inga Vaitkeviciene ◽  
Neringa Pauziene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Nerve Supply

scholarly journals External ear canal cholesteatoma after ventilation tube insertion and mastoidectomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragoslava Djeric ◽  
Milan Jovanovic ◽  
Ivan Baljosevic ◽  
Srbislav Blazic ◽  
Milanko Milojevic
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ventilation Tube ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
External Ear Canal

Introduction. Etiopathogenetically, there are two types of chollesteatomas: congenital, and acquired. Numerous theories in the literature try to explain the nature of the disease, however, the question about cholesteatomas remain still unanswered. The aim of the study was to present a case of external ear canal cholesteatoma (EEC) developed following microsurgery (ventilation tube insertion and mastoidectomy), as well as to point ant possible mechanisms if its development. Case report. A 16-yearold boy presented a 4-month sense of fullness in the ear and otalgia on the left side. A year before, mastoidectomy and posterior atticotomy were performed with ventilation tube placement due to acute purulent mastoiditis. Diagnosis was based on otoscopy examination, audiology and computed tomography (CT) findings. CT showed an obliterative soft-tissue mass completely filled the external ear canal with associated erosion of subjacent the bone. There were squamous epithelial links between the canal cholesteatoma and lateral tympanic membrane surface. They originated from the margins of tympanic membrane incision made for a ventilation tube (VT) insertion. The position of VT was good as well as the aeration of the middle ear cavity. The tympanic membrane was intact and of normal appearance without middle ear extension or mastoid involvement of cholesteatoma. Cholesteatoma and ventilation tube were both removed. The patient recovered without complications and shortly audiology revealed hearing improving. Follow-up 2 years later, however, showed no signs of the disease. Conclusion. There could be more than one potential delicate mechanism of developing EEC in the ear with VT insertion and mastoidectomy. It is necessary to perform routine otologic surveillance in all patients with tubes. Affected ear CT scan is very helpful in showing the extent of cholesteatoma and bony defects, which could not be assessed by otoscopic examination alone.

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