scholarly journals For Whom the Bell Tolls

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
Björn Magnusson Staaf
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Archaeological Interpretation ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Medieval Ireland ◽  
The Church ◽  
Theological Concept

Time perception has important consequences for how human activity is structured. The question of how time perception has shifted in history could therefore be of certain importance in archaeological interpretation. This article is an attempt to analyze the construction of time in early- and high-medieval lreland and Scandinavia. The bell and the sound of the bell related to a theological concept in Christian ideology which referred to time. The bell was to become an utensil of power in the process of christianization. With help of the bell, the church partly abolished the subjectivity in the perception of time. When the bell rang it thereby dictated a common sense of time. We could therefore perhaps assume that a conceptual polemic concerning time has been one of the reasons for conflicts in medieval Ireland and Scandinavia.

Bayesian Inference in Human Time Perception

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Likelihood Function ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Psychophysical Testing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Perception Of Time

Time is a fundamental dimension of human perception, cognition and action, as the perception and cognition of temporal information is essential for everyday activities and survival. Innumerable studies have investigated the perception of time over the last 100 years, but the neural and computational bases for the processing of time remains unknown. First, we present a brief history of research and the methods used in time perception and then discuss the psychophysical approach to time, extant models of time perception, and advancing inconsistencies between each account that this review aims to bridge the gap between. Recent work has advocated a Bayesian approach to time perception. This framework has been applied to both duration and perceived timing, where prior expectations about when a stimulus might occur in the future (prior distribution) are combined with current sensory evidence (likelihood function) in order to generate the perception of temporal properties (posterior distribution). In general, these models predict that the brain uses temporal expectations to bias perception in a way that stimuli are ‘regularized’ i.e. stimuli look more like what has been seen before. Evidence for this framework has been found using human psychophysical testing (experimental methods to quantify behaviour in the perceptual system). Finally, an outlook for how these models can advance future research in temporal perception is discussed.

scholarly journals Ageing and the Technological Imaginary: Living and Dying in the Age of Perpetual Innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Church ◽  
Technological Imaginary

Technology tends toward perpetual innovation. Technology, enabled by both political and economic structures, propels society forward in a kind of technological evolution. The moment a novel piece of technology is in place, immediately innovations are attempted in a process of unending betterment. Bernard Stiegler suggests that, contra Heidegger, it is not being-toward-death that shapes human perception of time, life, death, and meaning. Rather, it is technological innovation that shapes human perception of time, life, death, and meaning. In fact, for Stiegler, human evolution has always been part of technological evolution. While one can quibble with the notion of human-technology co-evolution, there is something to be said for the way in which human perception of time, of ageing, and of death seems to be judged against the horizon of perpetual evolution of technological innovation. In this technological imaginary, of which modern medicine is constituent, ageing and death seemingly may be infinitely deferred, and it is this innovating deferral that shapes the contemporary social imaginary around ageing and death in modern medicine. Yet, the reality of living (which is to say ageing) and dying always manifests itself differently than the scripts given to us by the technological imaginary with its myth of endless innovation. In fact, I shall argue that, where the Church created an ars moriendi, the technological imaginary gives us an ars ad mortem when it becomes clear that ageing and death cannot be infinitely deferred. And further, I shall argue that the Church must revivify its ars vivendi—that is to say, its liturgies, its arts, its technics—as a counter narrative to the myth of perpetual innovation that shapes the technological imaginary.

Appeal to Philosophers

Philosophy ◽  
1940 ◽  
Vol 15 (60) ◽  
pp. 400-416
Author(s):  
C. E. M. Joad
Keyword(s):  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
The State ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Conduct Of Life ◽  
The Moment

I want in this paper to enter a protest against the preoccupations of many contemporary philosophers, and to put in a plea for a return to the classical tradition in philosophy. According to this tradition, philosophy is, or at least should be, concerned with the whole conduct of life. It has two main functions, to clarify the wisdom of common-sense people, and to increase it. To put it technically, philosophy, as traditionally conceived, is an activity of self-conscious beings which seeks, among other things, critically to examine the manifestations of human consciousness and the principles which guide human activity; to examine not disinterestedly, but in order to illuminate, to assist, and to reform. Philosophy has, therefore, the dual purpose of revealing truth and increasing virtue. One of the methods traditionally employed for achieving these two purposes consists in the attempt to discover those values which are ultimate in the sense that, while other things are desired for the sake oi them, they alone are desired for their own sakes, to uncover by a process of analysis the values which underlie the judgments commonly passed by contemporary society—as for example, in our own society, the values implied by the judgment that increase of efficiency in slaughter is desirable, especially if combined with a readiness to undertake it whenever the State to which one happens to belong deems the moment expedient for the mass slaughter of the citizens of some other State—and to show how the latter deviate from the former.

scholarly journals Kunst des Wartens – Zeitempfinden in Martin Mosebachs Roman Mogador (2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Sowa
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
German Bank ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Bank Employee

Sztuka czekania – percepcja czasu w powieści Mogador (2016) Martina Mosebacha Powieść Martina Mosebacha Mogador konfrontuje dwie kultury. Bohater – młody, odnoszący sukcesy pracownik banku z Niemiec – musi spędzić kilka tygodni w Maroku wśród jego mieszkańców. Musi zmierzyć się z obcymi zwyczajami i innym rytmem życia ludzi, którzy wydają się mieć znacznie więcej czasu i nie muszą poddawać się jego presji. W artykule skupiono się na przedstawieniach percepcji czasu (np. w czasie wolnym, w trakcie posiłków czy oczekiwania), która wydaje się jedną z najważniejszych różnic pomiędzy kulturą europejską a marokańską. Artykuł ma na celu opisanie ludzkiej tęsknoty za godnym przeżywaniem czasu, za tzw. slow life, która wydaje się pragnieniem ukrytym pod niepokojem i szybkością współczesnego świata. Art of Waiting – Perception of Time in Martin Mosebach’s Novel Mogador (2016) Martin Mosebach’s novel Mogador confronts two cultures; the protagonist, a young, successful, German bank employee must spend some weeks in Morocco among the locals. He has to deal with foreign customs and another rhythm of life among people who seem to have much more time and don’t have to subject themselves to the pressure of the clock. The article focuses on the depictions of time perception (e.g. during leisure time, meals, waiting, etc.), which seems to be one of the most important differences between them. The article aims to describe the human longing for dignified handling of time, for slow life, which seems to be a yearning hidden under the anxiety and speed of the modern world.

Age Effects in Perception of Time

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Wittmann ◽  
Sandra Lehnhoff
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Widespread Belief ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Pearson Correlations

Despite the widespread belief that the subjective speed of the passage of time increases with age, empirical results are controversial. In this study, a combination of questionnaires was employed to assess subjective time perception by 499 subjects, ages 14 to 94 years. Pearson correlations and nonlinear regression analyses on a variety of questionnaires and the age of the participants show that the momentary perception of the passage of time and the retrospective judgment of past periods of time are a function of chronological age; however, small-to-moderate effects accounted for at most 10% of the variance. Results generally support the widespread perception that the passage of time speeds up with age. These results are discussed in the context of models of prospective and retrospective time judgment, but interpretations have to be treated with caution given methodological limitations.

Sharing a common sense of time

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Eidson ◽  
Kang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Sense Of Time
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