scholarly journals FALSE MEMORIES FOR SEMANTIC AND CATEGORY ASSOCIATES: COMPARING RETRIEVAL STRATEGIES AND RETENTION INTERVAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-348
Author(s):  
Kedarmal Verma ◽  
Naveen Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Retention Interval ◽  
False Memory ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Semantic Association ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Retrieval Strategies

False memories are memories that people believe indeed correspond to actual events from the past. Experimental investigation of false memories involves varied methodologies, including semantic and category associate technique. While the category method depends on the frequency of intra-list items, semantic associate measures semantic association of intra-list items. The present study compares false memory generation through category and semantic associates. Additionally, the mode of retrieval (recall, recognition) and retention interval (short, long) were manipulated to measure their effect on false memory generation. The result of the study suggests that retention interval and mode of retrieval did influence false memories generated using words (semantic associates) and line drawings (category associates).

scholarly journals Sleep deprivation enhances false memory on the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Kedarmal Verma ◽  
Naveen Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
False Memory ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Semantic Association ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Recovery Sleep

False memories are memories that people report to be true with high confidence, even though they had never encountered the fact behind the memory in reality. Such memories possess strong semantic association with already existing encoded memories which hence appear to be familiar. Sleep is known to provide optimal conditions for the consolidation of long-term memories whereas the deprivation of sleep is known to hinder memory’s consolidation process. The role of sleep in the formation and enhancement of false memories was tested. The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task was used to induce false memory in thirty-nine male volunteers who either slept or remained awake following learning. Following a night of recovery sleep both groups returned for retrieval of memory. It was found that sleep deprivation in comparison to sleep led to higher false memory.

Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Schnider
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific Standards

This chapter summarizes current interpretations of all forms of confabulations discussed in the book and reviews the relationship between the four forms of memory-related confabulations. Experimental investigation has confirmed the dissociation between various types of false memories and considerably advanced the understanding of the mechanisms of some forms of confabulation, in particular behaviourally spontaneous confabulation and false statements in anosognosia. Overall, experimental evidence is scarce; many models have no controlled experimental basis or extend their proposed range of application well beyond the empirical evidence. The chapter concludes with a call for heightened respect of basic scientific standards in the research on confabulation.

Phyllagathis stellata (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae), a new species from southwestern Sarawak, Borneo

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 365 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
CHE-WEI LIN ◽  
CHI-HUNG LEE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Past ◽  
A New Species

Reknowned for its high biodiversity and endemism, over one third of the Bornean species of Phyllagathis were discovered in Sarawak over the past two years. In this study, we report an addition of a new species of Phyllagathis, namely P. stellata from southwestern Sarawak. In addition to the taxonomic account, color plates, line drawings, a distribution map, and comparisons with morphologically similar species are provided to aid in identification.

scholarly journals Politics, Responsibility and Adult Victims of Childhood Sexual Abuse

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Woodiwiss
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
False Memory ◽  
The Self ◽  
Recovered Memory ◽  
False Memory Syndrome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hidden Knowledge ◽  
Adult Lives ◽  
Material Conditions

This paper will explore ways in which self identified survivors of childhood sexual abuse and false memory syndrome appropriate therapeutic discourses which both encourage women to hold themselves responsible for their own unhappiness and provide a way to alleviate that responsibility. Although I look critically at women's engagement with abuse narratives the intention is not to enter the ‘recovered memory wars’ but rather to explore the consequences of locating adult victims of childhood sexual abuse within a therapeutic rather than a political framework. Within this therapeutic culture priority is given to self-actualisation and personal fulfilment and the self is increasingly seen as a project to be worked on. A pervasive theme within the therapeutic literature is a particular linkage between women's ‘inferiority’ and their oppression. Women are not only shown an array of problems from which they suffer together with self-improving solutions but are encouraged to seek the ‘hidden’ causes of these problems in the past and to probe further and further back rather than look to the material conditions of their adult lives for explanations. Drawing on interview material I will look at how women invest in discourses which provide an explanation for hidden knowledge of abuse and may offer a way to alleviate responsibility but which also encourage them to (re)construct themselves as sick, damaged and ultimately responsible for their own unhappiness.

Five new Lathys species (Araneae: Dictynidae) from South China and the first description of the male of Lathys spiralis Zhang, Hu & Zhang, 2012

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4500 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
KEKE LIU ◽  
ZEYUAN MENG ◽  
YONGHONG XIAO ◽  
XIANG XU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South China ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Animal Specimen ◽  
Science College ◽  
First Time

Dictynidae spiders were collected from Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, China in the past four years. Five new species are described and illustrated with photographs, SEMs and line drawings: Lathys adunca Liu spec. nov. (male), L. deltoidea Liu spec. nov. (female), L. fibulata Liu spec. nov. (female), L. huangyangjieensis Liu spec. nov. (male, female) and L. zhanfengi Liu spec. nov. (female). Both sexes of the species L. spiralis Zhang, Hu & Zhang, 2012 were collected from leaf litter in Jinggangshan University and the male is described for the first time. All specimens are deposited in the Animal Specimen Museum, Life Science College, at the Jinggangshan University (ASM-JGSU). 

How to manage memory problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-74
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Budson ◽  
Maureen K. O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
False Memories ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Memory Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
At Home

There are many way to help manage your loved one’s memory problems. If their dementia is fairly mild, memory strategies and aids can often help. Using a pillbox or another method to ensure that medications are being taken correctly is critical. Pictures are more easily learned than words. Don’t tell a person with dementia what not to do; tell them what they should do. Habits and routines are generally preserved in dementia, and new ones can be learned. Use methods to make sure the stove is not left on and the water is not left running. Work to eliminate wandering and write a plan in case it occurs. Take advantage of technological solutions to memory problems. Use reminders of the past to make your loved one feel more at home. Don’t fight false memories. Lastly, reminding your loved one that they have memory problems is rarely helpful.

How to manage memory problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-74
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Budson ◽  
Maureen K. O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
False Memories ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Memory Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
At Home

There are many way to help manage your loved one’s memory problems. If their dementia is fairly mild, memory strategies and aids can often help. Using a pillbox or another method to ensure that medications are being taken correctly is critical. Pictures are more easily learned than words. Don’t tell a person with dementia what not to do; tell them what they should do. Habits and routines are generally preserved in dementia, and new ones can be learned. Use methods to make sure the stove is not left on and the water is not left running. Work to eliminate wandering and write a plan in case it occurs. Take advantage of technological solutions to memory problems. Use reminders of the past to make your loved one feel more at home. Don’t fight false memories. Lastly, reminding your loved one that they have memory problems is rarely helpful.

scholarly journals Fuzzy-Trace Theory, False Memory, and the Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Brainerd ◽  
Valerie F. Reyna
Keyword(s):  
False Memory ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Child Witnesses ◽  
Trace Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Trace Theory ◽  
Rules Of Evidence ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Simple Change ◽  
The Law ◽  
Eyewitness Identifications

Fuzzy-trace theory (FTT) provides well-researched scientific principles that explain worrisome forms of false memory in the law. False memories are of great legal concern because memory reports are frequently the evidence that determines guilt/innocence and are sometimes the only evidence that crimes have been committed. FTT’s principles reveal errors in commonsense theories that jurors use to judge the credibility of witnesses’ memory reports. This science versus commonsense disconnect is salient in cases involving child witnesses, eyewitness identifications, and confessions. The consequences of this disconnect for justice could be ameliorated by a simple change in federal rules of evidence.

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