Woman as a Stereotypical Image of National and Cultural Identity in the Context of Literary Comparativistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-316
Author(s):  
Marine Sioridze ◽  
Ketevan Svanidze
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Stereotypical Image ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
Aforementioned Study ◽  
Repre Sentations

People live in a world of stereotypes that exist everywhere, in all spheres of human life and activity. A stereotype is a cultural phenomenon, that can be found in any society in the form of centuries-old experience of a given society, transmitted from generation to genera-tion by images transformed in accordance with the era and the level of society develop-ment.The culture and literature of any nation contain a rich gallery of stereotypes. The existence of a stereotype without culture is inconceivable. And culture itself is a certain set of stereotypes that defines and, therefore, limits human actions.One of the priority areas of modern anthropocentric and human sciences is the study of the formation and functioning of gender stereotypes, the identification and analy-sis of their intercultural specificity. Contrary to the objectives of the aforementioned study, our multilateral research is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of a woman, as repre-sentations of the stereotypical image of national-cultural identity in different literary eras. The present article deals with the study of the stereotypical image of a woman in medieval Western and Georgian literature.For this purpose we have identified and analyzed the rich material that exists in the culture and literature of different people. Our study is based on the depiction of a stereo-typical image of a woman from a different perspective, for example: woman - king, woman - diplomat, woman – public figure, woman - creator, woman - mother, woman - wife/lover, woman - strong/weak creature, woman - symbol of fidelity, etc.

scholarly journals Images of Animals in Neolithic Chinese Ceramic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80
Author(s):  
Bogna Łakomska
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Decorative Motifs ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Animal Images ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
Neolithic Cultures

The images of animals or their (more or less) stylised motifs once depicted in the form of painting and sculpture, and nowadays through various media, have many stories to tell. Their ancient images point to the undeniably great role that animals played in human life. The rich material culture, as well as the written sources we have today, enables us to examine – both in physical and spiritual terms – the coexistence and co-creation of the worlds of people and animals in the region that we now call China. General animal research, especially within Europe, usually concerns spatial and physical differences; animals from ancient, medieval and early modern times are researched in the context of their utilitarian role, as well as their exoticism, discovering new species and deepening knowledge about those already known to man. Creating a picture of the animal images in Chinese Neolithic art, I hope to present various social and political practices that have influenced the acquisition of knowledge about animals, and thus to discover their role in human life. Chinese animal studies to date in pre-dynastic and dynastic eras regularly focus on animals as spiritual beings and sources of nutrition. It is worth looking at the significance of animals from a different angle – from the perspective of art, which can inform us about animals and people in the context of religion, magic, symbols, aesthetics and the spiritual life of both. My article focuses particularly on the decorative motifs appearing in ceramics of three Neolithic cultures: Yangshao 4000–3000 BC, Hemudu 5500-3300 BC and Longshan 2500-1900 BC.

Translation as Resistance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rzepa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Political Sovereignty ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
Complex Modes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich

This chapter offers a historical account of the presence of Paradise Lost in translation and Polish literature, especially how the poem’s reception in Poland has been shaped by complex modes of linguistic and cultural transfer. The chapter explores the historical and political contexts in which Paradise Lost was translated into Polish, discusses the most important actors involved in its publication, and analyses the strategies employed by the translators. It demonstrates that the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century translators of Milton, who worked at a time when Poland had lost its political sovereignty, focused specifically on the form of the poem, presenting models for a modern Polish epic poem that could help sustain Polish cultural identity. The focus of the twentieth-century translators, who lived through the world wars, shifted from the form to the rich imagery of Milton’s poem, in particular his exploration of the themes of vanity, destruction, and exile.

scholarly journals Politicization of Religion in Theoretical and Terminological Understanding

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
M. Kh. Abdullaev
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Rich

The article is devoted to an actual interdisciplinary problem at the intersection of political science and religious studies – the discourse of the political in religion, the politicization of religion, the artificial transfer of purely spiritual values, phenomena and categories into the political field in order to use religion for political purposes. The author considers the problem from two angles: (1) the politicization of religion for mercenary purposes and (2) the clergy’s political activity based on a deliberately politicized religious teaching that has a strong political platform (ideology) at its core. This study is purely theoretical, and nevertheless the author undertakes a number of empirical digressions in order to demonstrate how the politicization of religion manifests itself in the socio-political sphere of human life. Thus, the main problem of the study should be designated as a theoretical understanding and disclosure of the practical significance (i.e., risks and effects) of the religion politicization’s negativity and how it could effect on religious groups. The article identifies the objective factors of the mutual influence of religion and politics, the presence of strong political origins in a number of creeds, and the rich historical experience of the political role of faith in society.

scholarly journals CULTUROLOGICAL DIRECTION OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEATHERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Ushakova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon

The culturological direction of professional training of future foreign languages teachers as one of pedagogical conditions of formation of linguoculturological competence is considered and substantiated. The culturological direction of professional training of future teachers is focused on the priority of the role of culture in human life, especially in education. The education system is considered as a social institution for the development of individuality as a subject of culture. Given that culture is an individually mastered spiritual values, the purpose of education is to create a person as an individuality: the development of his spiritual strength, abilities, needs, education of morally responsible and socially adapted person. Thus the content of education is culture, and the way to introduce such content in the professional education of future foreign languages teachers in particular is a culturological approach, which involves close interaction of language and culture, namely language awareness as a cultural phenomenon and promotes intercultural consciousness. The linguistic personality is the bearer not only of spiritual, but also of national and cultural values, which form the central part of the national picture of the world, having different ways of linguistic expression. Consciousness is the acquired quality of personality and social system of knowledge, fixed in the language. Therefore language as a cultural phenomenon in such case appears as the means of forming the consciousness and mentality of the linguistic personality, as well as an indicator of the level of its formation. Multicultural consciousness is the ability of the person to perceive, understand and comprehend the phenomena of the multicultural world that based on self-awareness of the subject of culture through the unity of representations and knowledge about the peculiarity of cultures, systems of their values, necessary for interaction with representatives of other nationalities, solving professional problems in terms of intercultural interaction relying on cooperation and tolerant behavior. The essence of culturological direction in the professional training of future foreign languages teachers is close to the essence of linguoculturilogical competence, which is based on the relationship of language as a cultural phenomenon and linguistic personality as a representative of culture, and therefore a certain national consciousness. This can along with other pedagogical conditions ensure the success of the formation of linguoculturilogical competence of future foreign language teachers.

scholarly journals TO PREVENTION OF POSTNATAL DISEASES

1892 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1073-1084
Author(s):  
Jacob Rosenblatt
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Material

One of the burning issues of the day in modern obstetrics is the issue of the prevention of postpartum diseases, giving a clinical complex of symptoms, known as childbirth fever. This disease everywhere carries away a mass of victims to the grave, and, moreover, in the most flourishing period of life, especially here in Russia, where rational medical care does not exist everywhere. Therefore, I think it is not superfluous to touch on this topic and report the data that I was able to derive while observing the rich material of the Leopold clinic, where I am a Volontairarztom. Doctor Jacob Rosenblatt.

At Home in Renaissance Bruges

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie De Groot
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Domestic Spaces ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
At Home

How did citizens in Bruges create a home? What did an ordinary domestic interior look like in the sixteenth century? And more importantly: how does one study the domestic culture of bygone times by analysing documents such as probate inventories? These questions seem straightforward, yet few endeavours are more challenging than reconstructing a sixteenth-century domestic reality from written sources. This book takes full advantage of the inventory and convincingly frames household objects in their original context of use. Meticulously connecting objects, people and domestic spaces, the book introduces the reader to the rich material world of Bruges citizens in the Renaissance, their sensory engagement, their religious practice, the role of women, and other social factors. By weaving insights from material culture studies with urban history, At Home in Renaissance Bruges offers an appealing and holistic mixture of in-depth socio-economic, cultural and material analysis. In its approach the book goes beyond heavy-handed theories and stereotypes about the exquisite taste of aristocratic elites, focusing instead on the domestic materiality of Bruges’ middling groups. Evocatively illustrated with contemporary paintings from Bruges and beyond, this monograph shows a nuanced picture of domestic materiality in a remarkable European city.

Law, Empire, and Identity between West and East

2020 ◽  
pp. 417-435
Author(s):  
Benedikt Eckhardt
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Municipal Law ◽  
Multiple Uses ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Rich Material

Compared to the rich material from Egypt, evidence for law and legal practice in the Danubian provinces is rather slim. Still, inscriptions offer some insights into how Roman law was received, applied, and transformed in the second and early third centuries CE. Moving from West to East, the article will discuss three case studies and their wider implications. The rescript of Septimius Severus regarding membership in a collegium centonariorum at Solva in Noricum not only shows the emperor directly involved in a legal dispute, but also testifies to the application of the rules on collegia vel corpora known from the Digest. The wax tablets from Alburnus Maior in Dacia show how private legal practice could be shaped by Roman models, but diverge from them as people saw fit, leading to legal forms that have been frowned upon as ‘invalid’ by scholars of Roman law, but must have been useful to people at that time and place. Finally, the new municipal law from Troesmis in Moesia Inferior can be understood as a symbolic assertion of Roman identity in a region bordering on the barbaricum. From a range of rather different epigraphical sources, the multiple uses of Roman law can be deduced, leading to an overall impression that is not entirely different from what is found in the East.

Natural landscapes and human health: an introduction and overview.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alan W. Ewert ◽  
Denise S. Mitten ◽  
Jillisa R. Overholt
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Natural Settings

Abstract This book chapter approaches the linkage between natural landscapes and human health through the lens of two guiding questions, the first considering the various ways nature benefits human health from both historic and contemporary perspectives, and the second considering the mechanisms through which this relationship occurs. In doing so, we consider the ways societies and cultures have mediated our relationship with the natural world over time, and the ways human health and planetary health are intertwined. It also examines these influences by providing an overview of what is currently known about specific variables, such as physical activity in natural landscapes, as well as discussing some of the past and current theories that seek to explain how these connections actually work. The book provides a bridge between what we do (individually and collectively) in natural settings and how those actions impact our health and our relationships with the natural world. The hope is that the information presented here empowers students and professionals to learn more and to be part of the rich dialogue occurring in many disciplines to help find ways to increase well-being for all people. The aim is for the readers to think critically about research and be able to analyse and evaluate the results. The bottom line, based on the undertaking of this book and the experience of the authors, is that nature has been and continues to be essential and incredibly positive for human life, and that mutualistic and reciprocal connections with nature will positively influence human development, health, and wellbeing.

Jaspers in his time

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Leoni
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Traditional Philosophy ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Ground Structures

The chapter describes Jaspers’ debt towards XIX century philosophies - in particular Nietzsche’s Lebensphilosophie, Weber’s sociological thinking, Dilthey’s philosophy of Geisteswissenschaften, Husserl’s phenomenology. Husserl offered Jaspers an access to the ground structures of human experience, beyond abstractions and intelletual reconstructions of traditional philosophy and psychology. Dilthey provided him a neat epistemological differentiation between the methods of explication (natural sciences) and comprehension (human sciences). Weber’s sociology elaborated a precious notion of “Idealtypus”, central to Jaspers phenomenological psychopatology. Nietzsche’s meditation on the Uebermensch offered Jaspers, paradoxically enough, an insight about the nature of illness on weakness, which Jaspers philosophical anthropology assumed since the Allgemeine Psychopatologie as a constitutive dimension of human life as such.

Verbal Restrictions on the Communication of Turko-Mongols of Inner Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
M. M. Sodnompilova
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Inner Asia ◽  
The Rich

Verbal restrictions common among the Turko-Mongol peoples of Inner Asia and Siberia are analyzed on the basis of folkloric and ethnographic sources. Their principal forms are silence, circumlocution, and whisper. The socio-cultural context of these restrictions is reconstructed. They are seen in various domains of culture, in particular relating to social norms, and are believed to refl ect fear of human life and the well-being of man and society in the communication with nature represented by deities and spirits. This is a natural reaction that has evolved under the harsh environmental and climatic conditions of Inner Asia. The sa me concerns, extending to social communication, have regulated interpersonal interactions. In a nomadic culture, verbal restrictions stem from the importance of the ritual function of language and a specifi c attitude toward spoken language, which, over the centuries, was the principal means of information storage and transfer, cognition and adaptation. This concept of speech affected the emergence of the principal behavioral stereotypes. The rigid norms of behavior account for the importance of the nonverbal context of the nomadic culture— the high informative potential of the entire space inhabited by the nomads, and the rich symbolism of their material culture, traditional outfi t, and dwelling.

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