scholarly journals The The Efficiency of Zakat Collection and Zakat Distribution of Islamic Religious Council Perak (MAIPk), Malaysia

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Asmah Mohd Jaapar ◽  
Nur Husnina Kamarulzaman
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Dea Analysis

The study measures the efficiency of zakat collection and distribution by Islamic Religious Council of Perak (MAIPk) in Malaysia between 2013 to 2017. The efficiency of zakat collection and distribution are important to ensure zakat institution achieves the objective that has been established by the society. Previous studies show that the society still have negative perception in the effectiveness of zakat distribution by zakat institutions, hence affect the level of Muslim’s confidence to perform their duties to pay zakat through the institutions. This research applied two-stage DEA analysis to measure the efficiency of zakat collection and distribution. The findings form 3 efficiency measures which are technical efficiency, allocative efficiency and cost efficiency for both MAIPk’s role of collecting and distributing zakat in Perak. The results show that zakat collection full efficiency is achieved in 2017 while that of zakat distribution is in 2015.

Measuring the Cost Efficiency of International Tourist Hotels in Taiwan

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei-Ching Wang ◽  
Wei-Ting Hung ◽  
Jui-Kou Shang
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Dea Efficiency ◽  
The Cost

This study employs data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the relative cost efficiency of 49 international tourist hotels in Taiwan. The study uses five different measures: overall efficiency (OE), allocative efficiency (AE), technical efficiency (TE), scale efficiency (SE) and pure technical efficiency (PTE). Applying efficiency measures derived from the DEA estimation, hotel efficiency determinants are evaluated using the Tobit regression model. A bootstrapping technique is applied to overcome the interdependency problem of the DEA efficiency scores adopted in the regression analysis. The empirical results demonstrate that the international tourist hotel industry in Taiwan is inefficient, with most efficiency losses attributable to technical inefficiencies, of which scale inefficiencies are the primary cause – the scale of operations of international tourist hotels in Taiwan being too small to enable the cost-savings associated with larger-scale operations. The Tobit regression results indicate that the proportion of foreign individual travellers (FIT), online transaction function (WEB) and franchising (HOTELTYPE) are related to a better performance of international tourist hotels in Taiwan. The number of years a hotel has been operating (AGE) is not significantly related to any of the efficiency measures.

scholarly journals The Efficiency of the Banking System in Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT) 2000–2009

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaker Sarsour ◽  
Yousef Daoud
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
Occupied Palestinian Territory ◽  
Bank Ownership ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Palestinian Territory

AbstractThis study estimates the cost (technical) efficiency of the banking system in Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT), using a panel of 18 banks during the period 2000–2009. Estimates have been obtained using the stochastic frontier approach. The analyses were extended to cover bank ownership (foreign and local), type (Islamic and commercial) and bank size. Results indicate that the overall cost (technical) efficiency of banks in the OPT is declining during the period of research. The mean of cost and technical efficiency was found to deteriorate through the years. Cost efficiency declined from 0.730 in 2000 to 0.666 in 2009, while technical efficiency declined from 0.733 to 0.713 during the same period. Moreover, the lower allocative efficiency (incorrect input mix rather than utilization or wasting resources) is the main cause of the decline in cost efficiency over the period of analysis. In addition, large banks have lower cost efficiency, which indicates the presence of diseconomies of scale for banks in OPT.

scholarly journals Cost Efficiency and Scope Economies of Crop and Livestock Farms in Missouri

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunxiang Wu ◽  
Tony Prato
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Scope Economies ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
Cost Frontier ◽  
Cost Inefficiency

This study investigates productive efficiency for a sample of Missouri crop-only (specialized) and integrated crop-livestock (diversified) farms using a cost frontier approach. Results suggest that significant cost inefficiency exists among sample farms. Lower cost efficiency in both types of farms was attributed to improper scale of operations and misallocation of inputs. On average, diversified farms were as technically and scale efficient as specialized farms. Lower allocative efficiency diluted gains in technical efficiency and resulted in greater cost inefficiency for diversified farms than for specialized farms. Technical efficiency was independent of farm size, whereas allocative, scale, and scope efficiencies were not.

Takaful insurance efficiency in the GCC countries

Humanomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Al-Amri
Keyword(s):  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Dea Analysis ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Technical Cost ◽  
Takaful Insurance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of the Takaful insurance firms in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and do a relative analysis for its different units. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyzes the technical, pure technical, cost and allocative efficiency of Takaful firms in the GCC countries using data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology. Findings – The Takaful insurance industry in GCC is highly technical and pure technical efficient. However, it is moderately cost efficient, and there is a large opportunity for improvement. UAE and Qatar score the highest technical efficiency, while Saudi Arabia and UAE are the most cost efficient among the GCC countries. Originality/value – The primary contribution of this paper is to provide the first DEA analysis of the Takaful industry in the GCC countries. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study on the Takaful insurance industry that uses different types of efficiency measures, namely technical, pure technical, allocative and cost efficiency, in the GCC countries. This paper also contributes in the literature of the inputs and outputs selection for the Takaful insurance efficiency calculation.

Impulsivity and Aggression: A Meta-analysis Using the UPPS Model of Impulsivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Bresin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Urgency ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Trait Impulsivity

Trait impulsivity has long been proposed to play a role in aggression, but the results across studies have been mixed. One possible explanation for the mixed results is that impulsivity is a multifaceted construct and some, but not all, facets are related to aggression. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the relation between the different facets of impulsivity (i.e., negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking) and aggression. The results from 93 papers with 105 unique samples (N = 36, 215) showed significant and small-to-medium correlations between each facet of impulsivity and aggression across several different forms of aggression, with more impulsivity being associated with more aggression. Moreover, negative urgency (r = .24, 95% [.18, .29]), positive urgency (r = .34, 95% [.19, .44]), and lack of premeditation (r = .23, 95% [.20, .26]) had significantly stronger associations with aggression than the other scales (rs < .18). Two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling showed that these effects were not due to overlap among facets of impulsivity. These results help advance the field of aggression research by clarifying the role of impulsivity and may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in several disciplines.

Problem of energy efficiency in the model of sustainable development in Ukraine: EU experience

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Vasyl Zelenko ◽  
Yaryna Ferenchak ◽  
Nataliya Zelenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Efficient Construction

The paper outlines major preconditions of development of energy efficiency programs and the process of their introduction from the perspective of sustainable development concept. Energy saving measures of European Union are examined, its experience and results, like green books and Thermie programs, etc are analyzed. The paper also specifies relevant activities and responsibilities undertaken by Member States by 2030 and the rates planned to be achieved. The experience of neighboring Poland in energy efficiency promotion is analyzed, as far as the country most closely resembles Ukraine by the initial rates in 1990. We calculated conditional losses of Ukraine in 2017 as the gap between the rates of energy efficiency of Ukraine and Poland (similarity of climate conditions and the state of housing funds allowed us to assume that the comparison will be the most correct regarding Ukraine). The results of calculations make us conclude that the funds are used most efficiently if the money designated, for example, for subsidizing of population are directed at strengthening of energy efficiency (at least up to the level of neighboring country). It will result in saving of about 40 billion. This is the amount defined as Ukrainian capacity in terms of improvement of energy saving and possible results of its realization. The paper determines the stage Ukraine is at in introduction of energy efficiency measures and programs: “warm loans” program; conditions regarding energy saving in Ukraine enshrined in the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement; creation of legal basis, namely the Law of Ukraine “On Energy Efficiency Fund” as of 8 June 2017. The role of newly created Energy Efficiency Fund is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the fact that energy efficient construction is one of international liabilities undertaken by Ukraine. The presence of The Active House Alliance at Ukrainian market is an important achievement in this sphere as it is the non-profit association aiming at creation of housing concept corresponding to the sustainable development principles.

scholarly journals Knowledge Transfer in a Project-Based Organization Through Microlearning on Cost-Efficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 002188632110330
Author(s):  
Teresa Beste
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Organizational Practice ◽  
Public Sector Organization ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

This paper investigates the role of microlearning on cost-efficiency on knowledge transfer in a project-based organization. As part of an action research study in a Norwegian public sector organization working with construction projects, a microlearning series was initiated to increase knowledge transfer on cost-efficiency. Seven microlearning lessons were distributed to 334 employees, including short questionnaires after the first and last lesson. The study reflects on the design process of the lessons, on the participation rate, and on how it contributes to an increase of knowledge. Microlearning was perceived as relevant by the participants. It makes knowledge transfer less arbitrary by providing a common body of knowledge to all project teams. For the organizational practice, this implies that microlearning also has potential for knowledge sharing on other topics in the project-based organization. Updating the microlearning series with further examples and new lessons is expected to contribute to continuous learning on cost-efficiency.

scholarly journals Contradictory Conservation: The Role of Leadership in Shaping Energy Efficiency Culture in Urban Residential Cooperative Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 648
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Board Member ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Strong Energy ◽  
Informal Leaders

In addition to formalized leadership roles within organizations, leadership can also influence members through informal channels. This work argues that multifamily residential buildings can be viewed as organizations and, as such, explores the influence that informal leaders can wield in shaping culture around the motivation for conserving energy. This work draws on qualitative fieldwork conducted in a Brooklyn cooperative building. Findings indicate that the study building benefitted from the leadership of a long-standing board member, which contributed to the implementation of a number of energy efficiency initiatives. Interestingly, this leadership also led to a culture of cost efficiency over environmental concern as the motivating force behind these initiatives. This narrative was well disseminated, with most residents reporting that the building does not have a culture of conservation, despite a strong energy efficiency leaning. Thus, this work posits that leadership can greatly shape perception and culture around energy but can also be leveraged to craft a more environmentally-motivated conservation culture. It also argues that leadership can be complementary to decentralized organizational structures, and that creative mechanisms in residential buildings can capitalize on both, allowing members at all levels of the organization more influence in shaping the building’s culture.

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