scholarly journals The Auditory Brainstem Response: Latencies Obtained in Children While under General Anesthesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 057-063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda W. Norrix ◽  
Stacey Trepanier ◽  
Matthew Atlas ◽  
Darlyne Kim
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neural Function ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Group Delays

Background: The auditory brainstem response (ABR) test is frequently employed to estimate hearing sensitivity and assess the integrity of the ascending auditory system. In persons who cannot participate in conventional tests of hearing, a short-acting general anesthetic is used, recordings are obtained, and the results are compared with normative data. However, several factors (e.g., anesthesia, temperature changes) can contribute to delayed absolute and interpeak latencies, making it difficult to evaluate the integrity of the person's auditory brainstem function. Purpose: In this study, we investigated the latencies of ABR responses in children who received general anesthesia. Research Design: Between subject. Study Sample: Twelve children between the ages of 29 and 52 mo, most of whom exhibited a developmental delay but normal peripheral auditory function, comprised the anesthesia group. Twelve participants between the ages of 13 and 26 yr with normal hearing thresholds comprised the control group. Data Collection and Analysis: ABRs from a single ear from children, recorded under general anesthesia, were retrospectively analyzed and compared to those obtained from a control group with no anesthesia. ABRs were generated using 80 dB nHL rarefaction click stimuli. T-tests, corrected for alpha slippage, were employed to examine latency differences between groups. Results: There were significant delays in latencies for children evaluated under general anesthesia compared to the control group. Delays were observed for wave V and the interpeak intervals I–III, III–V, and I–V. Conclusions: Our data suggest that caution is needed in interpreting neural function from ABR data recorded while a child is under general anesthesia.

Analysis of Click and Swept-Tone Auditory Brainstem Response Results for Moderate and Severe Sensorineural Hearing Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 336-344
Author(s):  
Jingqian Tan ◽  
Jia Luo ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yanbing Jiang ◽  
Xiangli Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Frequency Components

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is one of the commonly used methods in clinical settings to evaluate the hearing sensitivity and auditory function. The current ABR measurement usually adopts click sound as the stimuli. However, there may be partial ABR amplitude attenuation due to the delay characteristics of the cochlear traveling wave along the basilar membrane. To solve that problem, a swept-tone method was proposed, in which the show-up time of different frequency components was adjusted to compensate the delay characteristics of the cochlear basilar membrane; therefore, different ABR subcomponents of different frequencies were synchronized. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The normal hearing group, moderate sensorineural hearing loss group, and severe sensorineural hearing loss group underwent click ABR and swept-tone ABR with different stimulus intensities. The latencies and amplitudes of waves I, III, and V in 2 detections were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> It was found that the latency of each of the recorded I, III, and V waves detected by swept-tone ABR was shorter than that by click ABR in both the control group and experimental groups. In addition, the amplitude of each of the recorded I, III, and V waves, except V waves under 60 dB nHL in the moderate sensorineural hearing loss group, detected by swept-tone ABR was larger than that by click ABR. The results also showed that the swept-tone ABR could measure the visible V waves at lower stimulus levels in the severe sensorineural hearing loss group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Swept-tone improves the ABR waveforms and helps to obtain more accurate threshold to some extent. Therefore, the proposed swept-tone ABR may provide a new solution for better morphology of ABR waveform, which can help to make more accurate diagnosis about the hearing functionality in the clinic.

Glutathione Ester But Not Glutathione Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in a Rat Model

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen C.M. Campbell ◽  
Deb L. Larsen ◽  
Robert P. Meech ◽  
Leonard P. Rybak ◽  
Larry F. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Outer Hair Cell ◽  
Tone Burst ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Group A ◽  
Direct Administration ◽  
Response Thresholds ◽  
Para Determinar

Glutathione (GSH) provides an important antioxidant and detoxification pathway. We tested to determine if direct administration of GSH or GSH ester could reduce cisplatin- (CDDP) induced ototoxicity. We tested eight groups of five rats each: a control group, a group receiving 16 mg/kg ip CDDP infused over 30 minutes, and six groups receiving either GSH or GSH ester at 500, 1000, or 1500 mg/kg intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to 16 mg/kg CDDP. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured for click and tone-burst stimuli at baseline and 3 days later. Outer hair cell (OHC) loss was measured for the apical, middle and basal turns. The 500 mg/kg GSH ester reduced hearing loss and OHC loss, but protection decreased as dosage increased, suggesting possible toxicity. GSH was not significantly protective. The best GSH ester protection was less than we have previously reported with D-methionine. El glutatión (GSH) brinda una importante vía antioxidante y de cetoxificación. Realizamos una prueba para determinar si la administración directa de GSH o del éster de GSH podía reducir la ototoxicidad inducida por cisplatino (CDDP). Hicimos una evaluación en ocho grupos de cinco ratas cada uno: un grupo control, un grupo que recibió CDDP intraperitoneal a 16 mg/kg en una ínfusión durante 30 minutos y seis grupos que recibieron intraperitonealmente GSH o el éster de GSH a 500, 1000 o 1500 mg/kg, 30 minutos antes del CDDP a 16 mg/kg. Se midieron umbrales de respuestas auditivas del tallo cerebral tanto para clicks como para bursts tonales, al inicio y 3 días después. La pérdida de células ciliadas externas (OHC) fue establecida a nivel de las vueltas apical, media y basal. La dosis de 500 mg/kg de éster de GSH redujo la hipoacusia y la pérdida de OHC, pero la protección disminuyó conforme la dosis se incrementó, sugiriendo una posible toxicidad. EL GSH no resultó significativamente protector. El mejor efecto protector del éster de GSH fue menor que el previamente reportado con D-Metionina.

Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Mitoquinone Reduces Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Guinea Pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Tate ◽  
Patrick J. Antonelli ◽  
Kyle R. Hannabass ◽  
Carolyn O. Dirain
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Outer Hair Cell ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cochlear Hair Cells ◽  
Brainstem Response

Objective To determine if mitoquinone (MitoQ) attenuates cisplatin-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. Study Design Prospective and controlled animal study. Setting Academic, tertiary medical center. Subjects and Methods Guinea pigs were injected subcutaneously with either 5 mg/kg MitoQ (n = 9) or normal saline (control, n = 9) for 7 days and 1 hour before receiving a single dose of 10 mg/kg cisplatin. Auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured before MitoQ or saline administration and 3 to 4 days after cisplatin administration. Results Auditory brainstem response threshold shifts after cisplatin treatment were smaller by 28 to 47 dB in guinea pigs injected with MitoQ compared with those in the control group at all tested frequencies (4, 8, 16, and 24 kHz, P = .0002 to .04). Scanning electron microscopy of cochlear hair cells showed less outer hair cell loss and damage in the MitoQ group. Conclusion MitoQ reduced cisplatin-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. MitoQ appears worthy of further investigation as a means of preventing cisplatin ototoxicity in humans.

Hearing outcome of early postnatal exposure to hypoxia in Sprague–Dawley rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Daniel ◽  
M McIntosh ◽  
O V Akinpelu ◽  
C V Rohlicek
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rat ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractObjective:To determine the effect of experimentally induced hypoxia, in the first 10 days of life, on physiological hearing in a Sprague–Dawley rat model.Methods:A prospective, controlled animal study was carried out using 22 male rat pups. The rats in the hypoxic group (n = 12) were reared in hypoxia for the first 10 days of life, and subsequently reared in normoxia, while those in the control group (n = 10) were reared in normoxia for the duration of the experiment. Hearing was assessed using auditory brainstem response testing at approximately 72 days of age.Results:The hypoxia group had higher auditory brainstem response thresholds for all frequencies tested (more pronounced at 16 kHz), compared with controls. Wave I–V inter-peak latencies were more prolonged in the hypoxic rats, while both groups had similar wave I latencies.Conclusion:Chronic postnatal hypoxia induced permanent hearing loss in this Sprague–Dawley rat model. Prolonged wave I–V inter-peak latencies suggested functional abnormality in the central auditory pathway.

Auditory Brainstem and Middle Latency Evoked Response Sensitivity near Threshold

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank E. Musiek ◽  
Nathan A. Geurkink
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Response Sensitivity ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Middle Latency ◽  
Near Threshold

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) and middle latency evoked response (MLER) testing have been used successfully for assessing hearing sensitivity electrophysiologically. Though both procedures have their proponents, ABR seems to be the more popular of the two. However, this study shows that overall, MLER waves occur with greater frequency at low sensation levels than ABR waves. Specifically, MLER wave Pa was the most sensitive wave, followed by ABR wave V, MLER wave Pb, ABR wave III, MLER wave Pc, and ABR wave I. Latencies were more consistent and predictable for ABR than MLER. However, as expected, amplitudes for MLER waves were greater than those for ABR. Given these results, those involved in measuring hearing sensitivity electrophysiologically are encouraged to consider the potential of the MLER measure and not limit their scope of assessment to ABR.

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