scholarly journals Changes in Hearing Thresholds over 10 Years in Older Adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry L. Wiley ◽  
Rick Chappell ◽  
Lakeesha Carmichael ◽  
David M. Nondahl ◽  
Karen J. Cruickshanks
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Test Frequency ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Baseline Examination

Changes in hearing thresholds over a 10-year period in a large population of older adults (2130) ranging in age from 48 to 92 years were documented. Pure-tone thresholds at frequencies from 0.5 to 8 kHz were evaluated at a baseline examination and 2.5, 5, and 10 years later. For younger age groups (50–69 years of age), threshold changes were generally greatest for higher frequencies; in older age groups (70–89 years of age), threshold changes were generally greatest for lower frequencies due to a ceiling effect at higher frequencies. At frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 8 kHz, the pattern of 10-year changes in thresholds across audiometric frequencies was generally similar for men and women. Threshold changes at 4 and 6 kHz were relatively constant for all ages in men across the 10-year examination period; threshold changes at the same frequencies in women increased for the 48–59 and 60–69 years age groups and then tended to level off. Other than age and gender, the best baseline examination predictors of 10-year thresholds at a specific audiometric frequency were the baseline threshold at that frequency followed by the baseline threshold for the next higher test frequency. Se documentó el cambio en los umbrales auditivos durante un período de 10 años en una gran población de adultos mayores (2130), con edades entre 48 y 92 años. Se evaluaron los umbrales para tonos puros desde 0.5 a 8 kHz en una medición basal y después de 2.5, 5 y 10 años. Para grupos de edad más jóvenes (50-69 años de edad), los cambios de umbrales fueron generalmente mayores para las frecuencias más agudas; in grupos de edad mayor (70-89 años de edad), los cambios de umbral fueron generalmente mayores para las frecuencias graves, debido a una efecto tope en las frecuencias más agudas. En las frecuencias de 0.5, 1, 2 y 8 kHz, el patrón de cambio en los umbrales después de 10 años en todas las frecuencias audiométricas fue similar para hombres y mujeres. Los cambios de umbrales en 4 y 6 kHz fueron relativamente constantes para todas las edades en los hombres, a lo largo del período de evaluación de 10 años; los cambios de umbrales en las mismas frecuencias en mujeres aumentaron en los grupos de edad de 48–59 y 60–69 años, y luego tendieron a nivelarse. Además de la edad y el género, los mejores elementos basales de predicción de los umbrales a 10 años en una frecuencia audiométrica específica fueron el umbral basal en esa frecuencia, seguido del umbral basal en la siguiente frecuencia de prueba más aguda.

scholarly journals The Who and When of Worry: The Fading Impact of Gender on Worry and Anxiety Severity Among Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 372-372
Author(s):  
Katie Granier ◽  
Rebecca Ingram ◽  
Daniel Segal
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Introduction. This study examined the influence of age and gender on diverse worry constructs and overall anxiety among younger (age 18-30) and older (age 65+) adults. Methods. 411 participants (311 younger, 100 older adults; 77.1% female) completed the PSWQ, BMWS, WDQ, and GAS online. Results. Among a series of 2x2 between-subjects ANOVAs, significant interaction effects between age and gender were found among all worry and anxiety measures. Specifically, there was a significant interaction effect on worry severity as measured by the PSWQ (F[1, 393]=4.28, p<.05), the WDQ (F[1, 397]=8.42, p<.01) and the BMWS (F[1, 396]=10.41, p<.01). Gender had a larger impact on worry among younger adults than older, though both age groups showed similar patterns of women reporting greater worry than men. Though both younger and older adults showed a gender difference in worry severity, this difference was mitigated by late life. There was also an interaction effect on anxiety (GAS total) in that younger women reported greater anxiety than younger men but older adults reported similar anxiety across genders, F(1, 384)=9.78, p<.01. Simple main effects analysis showed that younger women scored higher than older women on all measures of worry and anxiety, whereas younger men scored higher than older men on the PSWQ and WDQ but not the BMWS or GAS. Discussion. Consistent with previous literature, women reported greater worry and anxiety than men. However, this difference was mitigated and even extinguished among some measures in older adults. Possible explanations are discussed.

scholarly journals WHY DON’T OLDER ADULTS USE SENIOR CENTERS? EVIDENCE FROM A SAMPLE OF MASSACHUSETTS ADULTS AGE 50 AND OLDER

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S498-S498
Author(s):  
Ceara Somerville ◽  
Nidya Velasco Roldan ◽  
Cindy N Bui ◽  
Caitlin E Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Senior Center ◽  
Community Resource ◽  
Senior Centers ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Vast Range

Abstract Senior centers are an integral community resource, providing programs and services intended to meet the vast range of needs and interests of older adults. There is a growing literature describing senior center participants and benefits to participation, but little is known about those who choose not to participate at a local senior center. This presentation uniquely characterizes non-users of senior centers, based on a sample of community-dwelling adults aged 50+ from seven communities in Massachusetts (N = 9,462). To date, this is the largest data set that describes senior center usage. Most of the sample were women (60%) and in the 60-69 age group (36%). More than three quarters of the sample do not use the local senior center (77%). The most common reasons for non-usage were lack of interest (27%) and not feeling old enough (26%). There are significant differences in reasons of non-usage among age groups and gender (p < .001). Younger age groups’ (50-69) most popular reasons for non-usage were not feeling old enough, not having time, inconvenient senior center hours, and not knowing what is offered. In contrast, older age groups (80+) more frequently reported having no interest or using programs elsewhere. Men were more likely to report not being interested and not being familiar with what is offered. Women were more likely to report not having time, inconvenient hours of programming, and using programs elsewhere. Based on results from this study, this presentation will outline implications for the future of senior centers and their programming.

scholarly journals Prominent seasonality of 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency in Latvia: Age and gender-related variations and testing regimen

2022 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Sergey Nikulshin ◽  
Jana Osite ◽  
Stella Lapina ◽  
Anda Krisane ◽  
Iveta Dzivite-Krisane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Latitude ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Central Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Seasonality of 25(OH)D deficiency rate is a factor of major clinical and social impact and should be considered when planning for appropriate testing and tailored correction. We present retrospective cross-sectional analysis of over a million 25(OH)D tests performed in two leading Latvian laboratories – Central Laboratory and E.Gulbja Laboratory. Both series of tests demonstrated prominent seasonal variability of 25(OH)D deficiency rate (<20 ng/ml) and critical deficiency rate (<12 ng/ml): the lowest percentage of deficient tests was in August, while a significant peak was found in March-April. This trend was present at all ages and in both genders, variations were pronounced even for a high-latitude country and more prominent for critical deficiency, in younger age groups and in males. Analysis of testing regimens of both laboratories revealed that schedule was not optimal, period of higher testing intensity being far removed from the 25(OH)D deficiency peak.

The Swedish Version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI)

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Brändström ◽  
Sören Sigvardsson ◽  
Per-Olof Nylander ◽  
Jörg Richter
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Swedish Version ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In order to establish new norms of the Swedish version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), data from 2,209 Swedish individuals (age between 13 and 80) was analyzed. The second aim was to evaluate the impact of age and gender on the questionnaire scores. The third aim was to investigate whether the TCI can be meaningfully applied to adolescents in personality assessment as a basis for further research and clinical studies. Age and gender showed independent effects on personality dimensions, which implies that age and gender specific norms have to be established for the TCI. Furthermore, the results in terms of inconsistencies in the correlational and factorial structure, as well as low internal consistency scores in the younger age groups, suggest that the adult version of the TCI should not be applied below the age of 17; for these age groups we recommend the use of the junior TCI (JTCI). The inventory is under further development and several items are in need of revision in order to create less complicated formulations, enabling an improvement in the psychometrics.

Different dimensions of ageist attitudes among men and women: a multigenerational perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Bodner ◽  
Yoav S. Bergman ◽  
Sara Cohen-Fridel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACTBackground: Ageism, a form of prejudice in which one relates negatively to people due to their age, exists throughout life. However, no attempt has been made to compare ageist attitudes across the life cycle, from young adulthood to old age. Consequently, the current study examined age and gender differences in ageism throughout adulthood.Methods: 955 Israeli participants (age range: 18–98 years) were divided into three age-groups: young (18–39), middle-aged (40–67), and old (68–98), and were administered the Fraboni Scale of Ageism. Age and gender differences were examined both for the three groups and for subgroups within the older adult cohort.Results: Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that middle-aged participants were significantly more ageist than younger and older groups. Across all age groups, men exhibited more avoidance and stereotypical attitudes toward older adults than women. Among the old age group, participants aged 81–98 held more ageist stereotypes and reported more avoidance of older adults than those aged 68–73. Within the older adult cohort, gender was a significant predictor for ageist attitudes among those aged 68–73 and 81–98, but not for people aged 74–80.Conclusions: Ageism demonstrates a changing pattern across the life span. While gender differences remain stable, ageist attitudes toward growing old as we age ourselves are constantly changing. In order to gain a better understanding of ageism as a general and global phenomenon, we need to consider the role of such attitudes in different stages of life.

scholarly journals ¿Cómo influyen la edad y el género en la capacidad de cambiar de dirección en alumnos de educación primaria? (How does the age and gender influence the ability to change direction in primary school children?)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Javier Yanci Irigoyen ◽  
Asier Los Arcos
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
Change Direction ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Educación Primaria ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Gender Specific

El principal objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la influencia de la edad y el género en la capacidad de cambiar de dirección (CODA) en niños y niñas de educación primaria. En este estudio participaron 343 niños y niñas (8.2 ± 1.1 años, 143.2 ± 8.7 cm, 37.8 ± 9.9 kg) estudiantes de primer, segundo, tercer y cuarto curso de educación primaria. Para evaluar la CODA se utilizó el Modified Agility Test (MAT). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (F(3) = 56.25, p ≤ 0.001) entre los grupos de edad. Las diferencias en la CODA entre chicos y chicas no se han manifestado hasta el cuarto curso (t(56) = -2.30, p = 0.02) de educación primaria. Atendiendo a la edad y al género, la evolución de los chicos y las chicas fue diferente. Estos resultados pueden exponer la necesidad de implementar programas específicos para mejorar la capacidad de cambio de dirección en distintos momentos en función de la edad y del género.Abstract. The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of age and gender on the ability to change direction (ACD) in elementary education children. This study involved 343 children (8.2 ± 1.1 years, 143.2 ± 8.7 cm, 37.8 ± 9.9 kg) from first, second, third and fourth year of elementary education. The Modified Agility Test (MAT) was used to evaluate the ACD. The results showed significant differences (F(3) = 56.25, p ≤ 0.001) between the age groups. Differences in ACD between boys and girls have not manifested through fourth grade (t(56) = -2.30, p = 0.02). The development of boys and girls was different by age. These results may lead us to think about the need to implement age- and gender-specific programs to improve the ACD at different times.

scholarly journals Predicting EFL Learners’ Susceptibility to Various Disfluency Types Based on Gender and Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-198
Author(s):  
Amirmahdi Minavandchal ◽  
Mahmood Salimi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Filled Pauses ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of

The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship of production of speech disfluencies in EFL learners based on gender and age through regression modeling. Gender and age have been examined to influence the production of disfluencies in both native and nonnative speakers so it’s an important issue since fluency and disfluency are crucial aspects of language learning, however, the influence of age and gender on disfluency remains a controversial issue with studies often producing conflicting results with one another. Methods. This study took a new approach to this subject as we produced regression models which can predict the likelihood of production of each disfluency type based on speakers’ age and gender. In order to do this 40 Iranian advanced EFL learners (20 male, 20 female) in four age groups (youth 19–24, young adults 25–30, adults 31–44, and older adults 45+) took part in the study. Later semi-structured interviews with a variety of questions regarding different topics were conducted and participants’ responses were first recorded and then transcribed. The frequency of occurrence of each disfluency type in participants’ speech samples formed our data. This data was then used for our regression analysis. Results. Our findings indicated that, while filled pauses are the most frequently produced disfluency in both genders and all age groups, female speakers are more likely to produce hesitations in their speech compared to male speakers. We also found out that, older adults are less likely to produce filled pauses in their speech compared to younger speakers. With Further analyses, we also investigated the likelihood of producing certain disfluency types over other ones based on age and gender and how this may help instructors. Conclusions. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that all six types of disfluencies are produced by the Iranian EFL learners. Also, we found that, filled pauses, hesitations, and repetitions are by far the most frequently produced disfluency types by Iranian EFL learners, respectively.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Caries on Individual Tooth Surfaces and its Distribution by Age and Gender in University Clinic Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 270-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Demirci ◽  
Safa Tuncer ◽  
Ahmet Ayhan Yuceokur
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Approximal Surfaces

Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence rate of caries on individual permanent tooth surfaces, and to compare individual tooth surface caries rates among gender and age groups.Methods: Without drying the teeth, examinations were performed with dental mirrors and blunt, sickle-shaped explorers under a dental chair light, according to WHO recommendations.Results: Caries distribution was higher in the maxillary jaw (62.4%) than in the mandibular jaw (37.6%). Except molars, approximal surfaces of all teeth demonstrated the highest caries rates, ranging from 58.5% to 77.5%. Occlusal fissures on the first and second molars contributed most significantly to caries frequency, from 52.7% to 66.3%. Females (59.1%) showed a higher incidence of caries than males (40.9%). Approximal surfaces of incisors, canines, premolars and occlusal fissure sites in molars showed the highest caries rates in both sexes. Caries were most common among individuals aged 17 to 25 years. Approximal surfaces of incisors, canines, premolars and occlusal surfaces in molars had the highest caries rates in all age groups, except for individuals older than 65 years of age.Conclusions: Gender and age do not affect the prevalence of caries on teeth sites. In addition, more caries are experienced in younger age groups, and their incidence decreases as age increases. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:270-279)

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

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