scholarly journals Flow microreactor synthesis in organo-fluorine chemistry

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2793-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Amii ◽  
Aiichiro Nagaki ◽  
Jun-ichi Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Fluorine Chemistry ◽  
Flow Microreactor ◽  
Fluorine Compounds ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organo-fluorine compounds are the substances of considerable interest in various industrial fields due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Despite increased demand in wide fields of science, synthesis of fluoro-organic compounds is still often faced with problems such as the difficulties in handling of fluorinating reagents and in controlling of chemical reactions. Recently, flow microreactor synthesis has emerged as a new methodology for producing chemical substances with high efficiency. This review outlines the successful examples of synthesis and reactions of fluorine-containing molecules by the use of flow microreactor systems to overcome long-standing problems in fluorine chemistry.

scholarly journals A New Method to Find the Wiener Index of Hypergraphs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yalan Li ◽  
Bo Deng
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
New Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Mathematical Chemistry ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The Wiener index is defined as the summation of distances between all pairs of vertices in a graph or in a hypergraph. Both models—graph-theoretical and hypergraph-theoretical—are used in mathematical chemistry for quantitatively studying physical and chemical properties of classical and nonclassical organic compounds. In this paper, we consider relationships between hypertrees and trees and hypercycles and cycles with respect to their Wiener indices.

scholarly journals Cyclodextrins: Structural, Chemical, and Physical Properties, and Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Benjamin Gabriel Poulson ◽  
Qana A. Alsulami ◽  
Abeer Sharfalddin ◽  
Emam. F. El Agammy ◽  
Fouzi Mouffouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
To Come ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Due to their unique structural, physical and chemical properties, cyclodextrins and their derivatives have been of great interest to scientists and researchers in both academia and industry for over a century. Many of the industrial applications of cyclodextrins have arisen from their ability to encapsulate, either partially or fully, other molecules, especially organic compounds. Cyclodextrins are non-toxic oligopolymers of glucose that help to increase the solubility of organic compounds with poor aqueous solubility, can mask odors from foul-smelling compounds, and have been widely studied in the area of drug delivery. In this review, we explore the structural and chemical properties of cyclodextrins that give rise to this encapsulation (i.e., the formation of inclusion complexes) ability. This review is unique from others written on this subject because it provides powerful insights into factors that affect cyclodextrin encapsulation. It also examines these insights in great detail. Later, we provide an overview of some industrial applications of cyclodextrins, while emphasizing the role of encapsulation in these applications. We strongly believe that cyclodextrins will continue to garner interest from scientists for many years to come, and that novel applications of cyclodextrins have yet to be discovered.

The Effect of Fe3+ on Microbial Growth and Physical and Chemical Properties of Activated Sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1319-1322
Author(s):  
Shan Hong Lan ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
Cong Cong Li ◽  
Hui Xia Lan
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The method of activated sludge has been widely used in the process of sewage treatment for its high-efficiency and low-consumption. The effect of Fe3+ on microbial growth and physical and chemical properties of activated sludge were studied to obtain relevant parameters for the running of activated sludge system in this paper. Firstly, study on the effect of Fe3+ on microbial growth was carried out. The experiment results showed that the lag phase of microbial growth was obviously reduced with the presence of Fe3+, obtaining advancing into the logarithmic phase. Whats more, the value of OD600 reached to the maximum of 0.615 at 12h when the concentration of Fe3+ was 30mg/L. Secondly, the effects of Fe3+ on the wastewater treatment and that of the performance index include SVI and MLSS were studied. The results indicated that SVI decreased with increasing the dosages of Fe3+,while MLSS and removal rate of COD obviously increased which reach to the maximum of 88.21% when the concentration of Fe3+ was 30mg/L.

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