scholarly journals Encapsulation of biocides by cyclodextrins: toward synergistic effects against pathogens

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2603-2622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Nardello-Rataj ◽  
Loïc Leclercq
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Soluble Complexes

Host–guest chemistry is useful for the construction of nanosized objects. Some of the widely used hosts are probably the cyclodextrins (CDs). CDs can form water-soluble complexes with numerous hydrophobic compounds. They have been widespread used in medicine, drug delivery and are of interest for the biocides encapsulation. Indeed, this enables the development of more or less complex systems that release antimicrobial agents with time. In this paper, the general features of CDs and their applications in the field of biocides have been reviewed. As the key point is the formation of biocide–CD inclusion complexes, this review deals with this in depth and the advantages of biocide encapsulation are highlighted throughout several examples from the literature. Finally, some future directions of investigation have been proposed. We hope that scientists studying biocide applications receive inspiration from this review to exploit the opportunities offered by CDs in their respective research areas.

scholarly journals Drug Delivery Nanoparticles in Skin Cancers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Dianzani ◽  
Gian Paolo Zara ◽  
Giovanni Maina ◽  
Piergiorgio Pettazzoni ◽  
Stefania Pizzimenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Tunable Release ◽  
Water Soluble Drugs ◽  
Active Research

Nanotechnology involves the engineering of functional systems at nanoscale, thus being attractive for disciplines ranging from materials science to biomedicine. One of the most active research areas of the nanotechnology is nanomedicine, which applies nanotechnology to highly specific medical interventions for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, including cancer disease. Over the past two decades, the rapid developments in nanotechnology have allowed the incorporation of multiple therapeutic, sensing, and targeting agents into nanoparticles, for detection, prevention, and treatment of cancer diseases. Nanoparticles offer many advantages as drug carrier systems since they can improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, modify pharmacokinetics, increase drug half-life by reducing immunogenicity, improve bioavailability, and diminish drug metabolism. They can also enable a tunable release of therapeutic compounds and the simultaneous delivery of two or more drugs for combination therapy. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the use of different types of nanoparticles for systemic and topical drug delivery in the treatment of skin cancer. In particular, the progress in the treatment with nanocarriers of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma has been reported.

Pharmaceutical Advances in Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes for Improved Bioavailability of Poorly-Soluble Drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2894-2905
Author(s):  
Ganesh Raosaheb Godge ◽  
Shivanand Hiremath ◽  
Bhakti Sonawale ◽  
Rani Shirsath
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Solubility Enhancers

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are commonly used in drug formulations as solubility enhancers because of their ability to form water-soluble inclusion complexes with poorly water-soluble drugs. Cyclodextrins are useful molecular chelating agents. The cyclodextrins have a wide range of applications in different areas of drug delivery and pharmaceutical industry due to their complexation ability and other versatile characteristics. Orally administered drugs completely absorb only when they show fair solubility in gastric medium and such drugs shows good bioavailability. The solubility and dissolution properties of drugs play an important role in the process of formulation development. The most common pharmaceutical application of cyclodextrin is to enhance the solubility, stability, safety and bioavailability of drug molecules. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides which have recently been recognized as useful pharmaceutical excipients. As a result of molecular complexation phenomena CDs are widely used in many industrial products, technologies and analytical methods. The negligible cytotoxic effects of CDs are an important attribute in applications such as drug carrier, food and flavors, cosmetics, packing, textiles, separation processes, environment protection, fermentation and catalysis. The objective of this review is to discuss and summarize some of the findings and applications of cyclodextrin and their derivatives indifferent areas of drug delivery. The paper also highlights important CD application in drug solubility and dissolution, bioavailability, safety and stability, their use as excipients in drug formulation, design of various novel delivery systems like liposome, microspheres, microcapsules, and nanoparticles. 

Formulation Optimization of Sustained Release Resinate Microcapsules of Tramadol Hydrochloride by Using 3/2 Factorial Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Kamble Ravindra K. ◽  
Chauhan Chetan S. ◽  
Kamble Priyadarshani R. ◽  
Naruka Pushpendra S.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tramadol Hydrochloride ◽  
Release Drug

The main aim of the present work was to develop the microcapsules of tramadol hydrochloride for the oral sustained release drug delivery. Tramadol hydrochloride a BCS class I drug a centrally acting synthetic analgesic was complexed with Indion 254 ion exchange resin. The microcapsules were prepared by encapsulating the prepared resinates by o/o solvent evaporation technique. In the investigation 32 full factorial design was used to investigate the joint influence of two formulation variable amount of eudragit RS 100 and plasticized PEG 400. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that for obtaining a sustained release drug delivery the optimum concentrations of both the plasticizer and coating solution to be used. The factorial models were used to prepare optimized microcapsules and optimized formulations showed sustained release profiles for the extended period of more than 12 hrs. From the present investigations concluded that resinate microcapsules of highly water soluble drug can provide controlled release of drug for extended period.Key Words: Tramadol hydrochloride, ion exchange resinate, microcapsules, sustained release

Development of Solid-Self Micron Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2014-2021
Author(s):  
Preethi Sudheer ◽  
Koushik Y ◽  
Satish P ◽  
Uma Shankar M S ◽  
R S Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Modern Drug ◽  
Pharmaceutical Scientist ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

As a consequence of modern drug discovery techniques, there has been a steady increase in the number of new pharmacologically active lipophilic compounds that are poorly water soluble and solubility is one of the most important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for therapeutic response. It is a great challenge for pharmaceutical scientist to convert those molecules into orally administered formulation with sufficient bioavailability.  Among the several approaches to improve oral bioavailability of these molecules, Self-micron emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) is one of the approaches usually used to improve the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. However, conventional SMEDDS are mostly prepared in a liquid form, which can have several disadvantages. Accordingly, solid SMEDDS (S-SMEDDS) prepared by solidification of liquid/semisolid self-micron emulsifying (SME) ingredients into powders have gained popularity. This article provides an overview of the recent advancements in S-SMEDDS such as methodology, techniques and future research directions.

Recent Advances in Novasome Formulation Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2407-2411
Author(s):  
J M Shah ◽  
N.H Shah ◽  
Hadiya P D
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Bilayer Membrane ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Liposomal Drug ◽  
Pharmaceutical Technology ◽  
Insoluble Drugs ◽  
Novel Drug

Pharmaceutical technology has developed various newer modes of novel drug delivery aspects. Modifications in the previously existing drug delivery methods have led to various newly innovated technologies serving as a safe and effective means of improvement over the existing ones. Novasome technology is one of the new innovations of liposomes which have solved many of the problems related to liposomal drug delivery system. It offers a seven bilayer membrane which has the ability to incorporate both water soluble and insoluble drugs. It has an excellent entrapment efficiency which provides better medication. Formulation of novasomes is achieved in a high shear device. Due to its numerous advantages, novasomes have been used extensively in various fields like cosmetics, chemical, personal care, foods, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Self Microemulsifying Nutraceutical and Drug Delivery Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 2520-2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant P Wankhade ◽  
Nivedita S Kale ◽  
K.K Tapar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Peristaltic Movement

Many chemical entities and nutraceuticals are poor water soluble and show high lipophilicity. It’s difficult to formulate them into oral formulation because of its low aqueous solubility which ultimately affects bioavailability. To enhance the bioavailability of such drugs compounds, self microemulsifying drug delivery system is the reliable drug delivery system. In this system the drug is incorporated in the isotropic system and formulated as unit dosage form. Self microemulsifying drug delivery system is the novel emulsified system composed of anhydrous isotropic mixture of oils, surfactant, and co solvent and sometimes co surfactant. Drug is directly dispersed into the entire gastro intestinal tract with continuous peristaltic movement and drug is available in the solution form of microemulsion, absorbed through lymphatic system and bypasses the dissolution step. Hence they increase the patient compliance. The excipients are selected on basis of construction of ternary phase diagram. Self micro-emulsifying drug delivery system is very useful for drug in which drug dissolution is rate limiting step. This review describes the novel approaches and evaluation parameters of the self microemulsifying drug delivery system towards different classic drugs, proteins-peptides, and nutraceuticals in various oral microemulsion compositions and microstructures.

Cancer Nanotheranostics: A Nanomedicinal Approach for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1288-1299
Author(s):  
Paromita Kundu ◽  
Deepika Singh ◽  
Abhalaxmi Singh ◽  
Sanjeeb K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Single Probe ◽  
Therapy And Diagnosis

The panorama of cancer treatment has taken a considerable leap over the last decade with the advancement in the upcoming novel therapies combined with modern diagnostics. Nanotheranostics is an emerging science that holds tremendous potential as a contrivance by integrating therapy and imaging in a single probe for cancer diagnosis and treatment thus offering the advantage like tumor-specific drug delivery and at the same time reduced side effects to normal tissues. The recent surge in nanomedicine research has also paved the way for multimodal theranostic nanoprobe towards personalized therapy through interaction with a specific biological system. This review presents an overview of the nano theranostics approach in cancer management and a series of different nanomaterials used in theranostics and the possible challenges with future directions.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Bactericidal Activity of a 4-Ammoniumbuthylstyrene-Based Random Copolymer

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1140
Author(s):  
Silvana Alfei ◽  
Gabriella Piatti ◽  
Debora Caviglia ◽  
Anna Maria Schito
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Random Copolymer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cationic Polymers ◽  
Severe Infections

The growing resistance of bacteria to current chemotherapy is a global concern that urgently requires new and effective antimicrobial agents, aimed at curing untreatable infection, reducing unacceptable healthcare costs and human mortality. Cationic polymers, that mimic antimicrobial cationic peptides, represent promising broad-spectrum agents, being less susceptible to develop resistance than low molecular weight antibiotics. We, thus, designed, and herein report, the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of a water-soluble cationic copolymer (P5), obtained by copolymerizing the laboratory-made monomer 4-ammoniumbuthylstyrene hydrochloride with di-methyl-acrylamide as uncharged diluent. The antibacterial activity of P5 was assessed against several multi-drug-resistant clinical isolates of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative species. Except for strains characterized by modifications of the membrane charge, most of the tested isolates were sensible to the new molecule. P5 showed remarkable antibacterial activity against several isolates of genera Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, displaying a minimum MIC value of 3.15 µM. In time-killing and turbidimetric studies, P5 displayed a rapid non-lytic bactericidal activity. Due to its water-solubility and wide bactericidal spectrum, P5 could represent a promising novel agent capable of overcoming severe infections sustained by bacteria resistant the presently available antibiotics.

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