scholarly journals Effects of surgical removal of interscapular brown adipose tissue on food intake and amphetamine anorexia

1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 472-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Wellman ◽  
Patricia A. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

Decreased brown adipose tissue thermogenic activity following a reduction in brain serotonin by intraventricular p-chlorophenylalanine

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel J. Fuller ◽  
Dorothy M. Stirling ◽  
Stephen Dunnett ◽  
Gavin P. Reynolds ◽  
Margaret Ashwell
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Brain Serotonin ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Control ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Established Role

The effects of reducing brain serotonin (5-HT) levels by means of intracerebral-ventricular injections of the tryptophan antagonist p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) were investigated in male rats. Six days after the operation, PCPA-treated rats, either fed ad libitum or pair-fed to the food intake of control rats, showed decreased thermogenic activity and capacity in their interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) and also increased fat storage in their white adipose tissue (WAT). These results indicate that serotonergic synapses might play a regulatory role in the sympathetic control of BAT thermogenesis and in the rate of WAT deposition (by an as yet unidentified mechanism), in addition to their well established role in controlling food intake.

Transient upregulation of IGF-I gene expression in brown adipose tissue of cold-exposed rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (3) ◽  
pp. E453-E460 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Duchamp ◽  
K. A. Burton ◽  
A. Geloen ◽  
M. J. Dauncey
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Igf I

The possible involvement of locally produced insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in the cold-induced hyperplasia of interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) was investigated in 2-, 4-, and 7-day cold-exposed (CE, 4 degrees C) rats by measuring BAT IGF-I expression at a time when extensive BAT cell proliferation occurs. By comparison with thermoneutral (25 degrees C) controls, plasma IGF-I decreased in CE rats despite an increased food intake, whereas BAT IGF-I peptide increased markedly to peak after 4 days at 4 degrees C. The ratio of class 1 to class 2 IGF-I mRNA was much higher in BAT than in liver. BAT IGF-I mRNA levels per unit weight total RNA doubled after 2 days at 4 degrees C but decreased thereafter to the level in controls. Upregulation of BAT IGF-I mRNA also occurred in CE rats with a food intake restricted to the level of controls. The transient cold-induced upregulation of BAT IGF-I (per unit weight total RNA) suggests that IGF-I plays a role in the early cold-induced BAT hyperplasia that occurs in vivo.

Energy balance and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis during pregnancy in Syrian hamsters

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. R845-R850 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Wade ◽  
G. Jennings ◽  
P. Trayhurn
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis ◽  
Circulating Levels

Energy balance and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis were examined during pregnancy in Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Neither estrous cycles nor pregnancy had any effect on food intake, but both were accompanied by significant changes in body weight. Despite their substantial weight gains (attributable to growth of fetuses and placentas), pregnant hamsters actually lost a mean of 48 kJ in carcass energy, whereas unmated controls gained 98 kJ over the same 15 days. During pregnancy hamsters exhibited an increase in protein deposition (almost entirely in the fetuses and placentas), but they lost nearly 40% of their body lipid. An apparent increase in energy expenditure occurred despite a highly significant decrease in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis during pregnancy. By day 15 of pregnancy (within 13 h of expected parturition) there were substantial decreases in interscapular brown adipose tissue weight (-59%), protein content (-54%), and cytochrome-c oxidase activity (-69%). These changes in brown adipose tissue were evident by day 4 of pregnancy and persisted through lactation. It is suggested that this suppression of brown adipose tissue function is due to increased circulating levels of prolactin and subsequently to the nutritional stress of conceptus growth in the absence of an increase in food intake.

scholarly journals Glucose transporter expression and glucose utilization in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue during starvation and re-feeding

1992 ◽  
Vol 282 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
D M Smith ◽  
S R Bloom ◽  
M C Sugden ◽  
M J Holness
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Mrna Concentration ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Transporter Expression

Starvation (48 h) decreased the concentration of mRNA of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter isoform (GLUT 4) in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) (56%) and tibialis anterior (10%). Despite dramatic [7-fold (tibialis anterior) and 40-fold (IBAT)] increases in glucose utilization after 2 and 4 h of chow re-feeding, no significant changes in GLUT 4 mRNA concentration were observed in these tissues over this re-feeding period. The results exclude changes in GLUT 4 mRNA concentration in mediating the responses of glucose transport in these tissues to acute re-feeding after prolonged starvation.

scholarly journals Changes in β1- and β2-adrenergic receptor mRNA levels in brown adipose tissue and heart of hypothyroid rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 277 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Revelli ◽  
R Pescini ◽  
P Muzzin ◽  
J Seydoux ◽  
M G Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
State Level ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Displacement Experiments ◽  
Beta 2

The aim of the present work was to study the effect of hypothyroidism on the expression of the beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) in interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart. The total density of plasma membrane beta-AR per tissue is decreased by 44% in hypothyroid rat interscapular brown adipose tissue and by 55% in hypothyroid rat heart compared with euthyroid controls. The effects of hypothyroidism on the density of both beta 1- and beta 2-AR subtypes were also determined in competition displacement experiments. The densities of beta 1- and beta 2-AR per tissue are decreased by 50% and 48% respectively in interscapular brown adipose tissue and by 52% and 54% in the heart. Northern blot analysis of poly(A)+ RNA from hypothyroid rat interscapular brown adipose tissue demonstrated that the levels of beta 1- and beta 2-AR mRNA per tissue are decreased by 73% and 58% respectively, whereas in hypothyroid heart, only the beta 1-AR mRNA is decreased, by 43%. The effect of hypothyroidism on the beta 1-AR mRNA is significantly more marked in the interscapular brown adipose tissue than in the heart. These results indicate that beta-AR mRNA levels are differentially regulated in rat interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart, and suggest that the decrease in beta-AR number in interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart of hypothyroid animals may in part be explained by a decreased steady-state level of beta-AR mRNA.

scholarly journals Stimulatory, but not anxiogenic, doses of caffeine act centrally to activate interscapular brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in anesthetized male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Van Schaik ◽  
C. Kettle ◽  
R. Green ◽  
W. Sievers ◽  
M. W. Hale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Basolateral Amygdala ◽  
Free Breathing ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Hypothalamic Area ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis

AbstractThe role of central orexin in the sympathetic control of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) thermogenesis has been established in rodents. Stimulatory doses of caffeine activate orexin positive neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, a region of the brain implicated in stimulating BAT thermogenesis. This study tests the hypothesis that central administration of caffeine is sufficient to activate BAT. Low doses of caffeine administered either systemically (intravenous [IV]; 10 mg/kg) and centrally (intracerebroventricular [ICV]; 5–10 μg) increases BAT thermogenesis, in anaesthetised (1.5 g/kg urethane, IV) free breathing male rats. Cardiovascular function was monitored via an indwelling intra-arterial cannula and exhibited no response to the caffeine. Core temperature did not significantly differ after administration of caffeine via either route of administration. Caffeine administered both IV and ICV increased neuronal activity, as measured by c-Fos-immunoreactivity within subregions of the hypothalamic area, previously implicated in regulating BAT thermogenesis. Significantly, there appears to be no neural anxiety response to the low dose of caffeine as indicated by no change in activity in the basolateral amygdala. Having measured the physiological correlate of thermogenesis (heat production) we have not measured indirect molecular correlates of BAT activation. Nevertheless, our results demonstrate that caffeine, at stimulatory doses, acting via the central nervous system can increase thermogenesis, without adverse cardio-dynamic impact.

Organization of sympathetic innervation of interscapular brown adipose tissue in the mouse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Huesing ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Sanjeev Gummadi ◽  
Nathan Lee ◽  
Emily Qualls‐Creekmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose
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