Effect of removing background white noise during CS presentation on conditioning in the truly random control procedure

1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. Witcher ◽  
John J. B. Ayres
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Background White Noise ◽  
Random Control

PLANE WAVES AT SMALL ARRAYS

Geophysics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1023-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Woods ◽  
Paul R. Lintz
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Plane Waves ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Time Gate ◽  
High Sampling Rate ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Background White Noise

The resolving power of a seismic array is defined in terms of the array response function and via the classical uncertainty principle. Using the theory of maximum likelihood wavenumber spectra (Capon, 1969), we show for the case of two correlated plane waves that arbitrarily high resolution is achievable in the limit as the background white noise tends to zero. This extends Barnard’s (1969) result to the case of correlated plane waves. The increased resolution arises from the additional assumption that the data are plane waves over all space, and not zero off the array as the classical result assumes. It is found that a sample rate (in time) large compared to the Nyquist rate, is needed in the case of a short time gate at a small array. Cross‐power spectral matrices are estimated at 4 hz from 1 sec of computer generated data consisting of two correlated plane waves in white noise. These spectral matrices are then used to generate maximum likelihood wavenumber spectra. The two plane waves are resolved at various signal‐to‐noise ratios and at correlations up to ρ=0.8. The need for using a high sampling rate is demonstrated. Results are compared with conventional wavenumber spectra, where the classical resolution results hold. The use of a 1‐sec window provides improved resolution of the wavenumber structure as it changes in time, resulting in better separation of any time‐overlapping phases and multipathed waves that arise from one event.

scholarly journals The effects of background white noise on memory performance in inattentive school children

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran BW Söderlund ◽  
Sverker Sikström ◽  
Jan M Loftesnes ◽  
Edmund J Sonuga-Barke
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
School Children ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Background White Noise

Masking, Temporal Integration, and Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Temporal Integration ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Noise Masking ◽  
Cochlear Hearing Loss ◽  
Principal Finding ◽  
Background White Noise

This study was undertaken basically to examine the effect of white noise masking on temporal integration and how the frequency dependence of temporal integration is related to hearing loss. The threshold differences between 500-msec and 20-msec at .5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz were found for 147 ears of 86 subjects with normal hearing and with various amounts of cochlear hearing loss. Thresholds were measured in three levels of background white noise—30, 60, and 90 dB SPL. The principal finding was that temporal integration is frequency dependent and this dependence is not an epiphenomenon of the decrease in temporal integration due to cochlear hearing loss.

The second harmonic neurons in auditory midbrain of Hipposideros pratti are more tolerant to background white noise

2021 ◽  
Vol 400 ◽  
pp. 108142
Author(s):  
Zhongdan Cui ◽  
Guimin Zhang ◽  
Dandan Zhou ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Long Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Noise ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Auditory Midbrain ◽  
Background White Noise

scholarly journals Background white noise and speech facilitate visual working memory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sizhu Han ◽  
Ruizhen Zhu ◽  
Yixuan Ku
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Arousal Level ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Background White Noise ◽  
Speech Interference

AbstractIn contrast to background white noise, the detrimental effects of background speech on verbal working memory (WM) were often explained by speech interference in the same verbal modality. Yet, those results were confounded with potential differences between arousal levels induced by speech and white noise. To address the role of arousal, in the present study, we minimized the verbal interference and used a visual WM task to test the influence of background speech or white noise. Electrodermal activity (EDA) and Electromyography (EMG) were recorded simultaneously to indicate the arousal levels of participants. Results showed that both background speech and white noise significantly improved visual WM performance. The change of performance further correlated with the change of physiological signals linked with arousal. Taken together, our results suggest that both background speech and white noise facilitate visual WM through raising the arousal level.

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