scholarly journals The effect of partial reinforcement on the acquisition and extinction of sign-tracking and goal-tracking in the rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham C. L. Davey ◽  
Gary G. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Goal Tracking

scholarly journals Partial reinforcement in rat autoshaping with a long CS: Effects of pramipexole and chlordiazepoxide on sign and goal tracking

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Esmeralda Fuentes-Verdugo ◽  
Ricardo Pellón ◽  
Mauricio R. Papini ◽  
Carmen Torres ◽  
Patrick Anselme
Keyword(s):  
Gaba Receptors ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
Response Competition ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Lever Pressing ◽  
Goal Tracking ◽  
D2 Receptor Agonist ◽  
Gabaergic Activity

Abstract In Pavlovian autoshaping, sign-tracking responses (lever pressing) to a conditioned stimulus (CS) are usually invigorated under partial reinforcement (PR) compared to continuous reinforcement (CR). This effect, called the PR acquisition effect (PRAE), can be interpreted in terms of increased incentive hope or frustration-induced drive derived from PR training. Incentive hope and frustration have been related to dopaminergic and GABAergic activity, respectively. We examined the within-trial dynamics of sign and goal tracking in rats exposed to 20-s-long lever presentations during autoshaping acquisition under PR vs. CR conditions under the effects of drugs tapping on dopamine and GABA activity. There was no evidence of the PRAE in these results, both groups showing high, stable sign-tracking response rates. However, the pharmacological treatments affected behavior as revealed in within-trial changes. The dopamine D2 receptor agonist pramipexole (0.4 mg/kg) suppressed lever pressing and magazine entries relative to saline controls in a within-subject design, but only in PR animals. The allosteric benzodiazepine chlordiazepoxide (5 mg/kg) failed to affect either sign or goal tracking in either CR or PR animals. These results emphasize the roles of dopamine and GABA receptors in autoshaping performance, but remain inconclusive with respect to incentive hope and frustration theories. Some aspects of within-trial changes in sign and goal tracking are consistent with a mixture of reward timing and response competition.

Behavioural and Neural Mechanisms of Sign-tracking and Goal-tracking in Animals

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Fengjin CHANG ◽  
Ruisi CUI ◽  
Xinwang LI
Keyword(s):  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Goal Tracking

T214. Sign-Tracking, Goal-Tracking, and Impulsivity in College-Aged Subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. S212
Author(s):  
Jonathan Morrow ◽  
Ali Gheidi ◽  
Lora Cope ◽  
Sanjeev Billing
Keyword(s):  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Goal Tracking ◽  
Aged Subjects

scholarly journals Impacts of inter-trial interval duration on a computational model of sign-tracking vs. goal-tracking behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 236 (8) ◽  
pp. 2373-2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Cinotti ◽  
Alain R. Marchand ◽  
Matthew R. Roesch ◽  
Benoît Girard ◽  
Mehdi Khamassi
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Interval Duration ◽  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Inter Trial Interval ◽  
Goal Tracking

scholarly journals Mapping sign-tracking and goal-tracking onto human behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna M. Colaizzi ◽  
Shelly B. Flagel ◽  
Michelle A. Joyner ◽  
Ashley N. Gearhardt ◽  
Jennifer L. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
Goal Tracking

Context blocking in rat autoshaping: Sign-tracking versus goal-tracking

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S.J. Costa ◽  
Robert A. Boakes
Keyword(s):  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Goal Tracking

scholarly journals Risk-Promoting Effects of Reward-Paired Cues in Human Sign- and Goal-Trackers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Cherkasova ◽  
Eve Limbrick-Oldfield ◽  
Luke Clark ◽  
Jason J. S. Barton ◽  
A. Jon Stoessl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Incentive Salience ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Sign Tracking ◽  
Reward Delivery ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Goal Tracking

The incentive sensitization theory of addiction proposes that through repeated associations with addictive rewards, addiction-related stimuli acquire a disproportionately powerful motivational pull on behaviour. Animal research suggests trait-like individual variation in the degree of incentive salience attribution to reward-predictive cues, defined phenotypically as sign-tracking (high) and goal-tracking (low incentive salience attribution). While these phenotypes have been linked to addiction features in rodents, their translational validity has been little studied. Here, we examined whether sign- and goal-tracking in healthy human volunteers modulates the effects of reward-paired cues on cost-benefit decision making. Sign-tracking was measured in a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm as the amount of eye gaze fixation on the reward-predictive cue versus the location of impending reward delivery. In Study 1 (Cherkasova et al, 2018), participants were randomly assigned to perform a two-choice lottery task in which rewards were either accompanied (cued, n=63) or unaccompanied (uncued, n=68) by money images and casino jingles. In Study 2, participants (n=58) performed cued and uncued versions of the task in a within-subjects design. Across both studies, cues promoted riskier choice, and both studies yielded evidence of goal-tracking being associated with greater risk-promoting effects of cues. These findings are at odds with the notion of sign-trackers being preferentially susceptible to the influence of reward cues on behavior and point to the role of mechanisms besides incentive salience in mediating such influences.

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