scholarly journals The role of letter identity and letter position in orthographic priming

1999 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Peressotti ◽  
Jonathan Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Letter Position ◽  
Letter Identity ◽  
Orthographic Priming

Role of the superior parietal lobules in letter-identity processing within strings: FMRI evidence from skilled and dyslexicreaders

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Reilhac ◽  
Carole Peyrin ◽  
Jean-François Démonet ◽  
Sylviane Valdois
Keyword(s):  
Letter Identity ◽  
Identity Processing

scholarly journals The first letter position effect in visual word recognition: The role of spatial attention.

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Aschenbrenner ◽  
David A. Balota ◽  
Alexandra J. Weigand ◽  
Michele Scaltritti ◽  
Derek Besner
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Position Effect ◽  
Letter Position ◽  
Visual Word

scholarly journals The Effect of Color and Positional Noise on Reading Performance in Human Vision

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alsalhi ◽  
Nadia Northway ◽  
Glyn Walsh ◽  
Abd Elaziz Mohamed Elmadina
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Letter Position ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
Distant Visual Acuity ◽  
Mean Differences

BACKGROUND: Reading can be described as a complex cognitive process of decrypting signs to create meaning. Eventually, it is a way of language achievement, communication, and sharing information and ideas. Changing lighting and color are known to improve visual comfort and the perceptual difficulties that affect reading for those with poor vision. AIM: This study aims to investigate the effect of changing the wavelengths and different levels of positional noise on reading performance for participants with best-corrected distant visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/6 or better. METHODOLOGY: Twenty English speakers with BCVA 6/6 or better were asked to read words presented in a printed format. The stimuli were black print words in a horizontal arrangement on matte white card. They were degraded using positional noise produced by random vertical displacements of the letter position below or above the horizontal line on three levels. RESULTS: Introducing positional noise affected word recognition differently with different wavelengths. The role of short wavelength in enhancing orthographic reading and word recognition is clear – they reduce the effects of positional noise. The error rate and duration time have different effects with different wavelengths, even when positional noise is introduced. CONCLUSION: The reading rate is not affected by changing the wavelength of the light. However, the mean differences in wpm were affected by changing the wavelengths. Also, introducing positional noise affects word recognition differently with different wavelengths.

Disentangling the developmental trajectories of letter position and letter identity coding using masked priming.

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Yvette Kezilas ◽  
Meredith McKague ◽  
Saskia Kohnen ◽  
Nicholas A. Badcock ◽  
Anne Castles
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Letter Position ◽  
Masked Priming ◽  
Letter Identity

scholarly journals Dissociating morphological and form priming with novel complex word primes

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fiorentino ◽  
Stephen Politzer-Ahles ◽  
Natalie S. Pak ◽  
María Teresa Martínez-García ◽  
Caitlin Coughlin
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Masked Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Lexical Status ◽  
Morphological Priming ◽  
Novel Complex ◽  
Complex Words ◽  
Orthographic Priming

Recent research suggests that visually-presented words are initially morphologically segmented whenever the letter-string can be exhaustively assigned to existing morphological representations, but not when an exhaustive parse is unavailable; e.g., priming is observed for both hunter → HUNT and brother → BROTH, but not for brothel → BROTH. Few studies have investigated whether this pattern extends to novel complex words, and the results to date (all from novel suffixed words) are mixed. In the current study, we examine whether novel compounds (drugrack → RACK) yield morphological priming which is dissociable from that in novel pseudoembedded words (slegrack → RACK). Using masked priming, we find significant and comparable priming in reaction times for word-final elements of both novel compounds and novel pseudoembedded words. Using overt priming, however, we find greater priming effects (in both reaction times and N400 amplitudes) for novel compounds compared to novel pseudoembedded words. These results are consistent with models assuming across-the-board activation of putative constituents, while also suggesting that morpheme activation may persevere despite the lack of an exhaustive morpheme-based parse when an exhaustive monomorphemic analysis is also unavailable. These findings highlight the critical role of the lexical status of the pseudoembedded prime in dissociating morphological and orthographic priming.

scholarly journals Effect of Orthographic Processes on Letter Identity and Letter-Position Encoding in Dyslexic Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Reilhac ◽  
Mélanie Jucla ◽  
Stéphanie Iannuzzi ◽  
Sylviane Valdois ◽  
Jean-François Démonet
Keyword(s):  
Letter Position ◽  
Letter Identity

The processing of consonants and vowels during letter identity and letter position assignment in visual-word recognition: An ERP study

2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Vergara-Martínez ◽  
Manuel Perea ◽  
Alejandro Marín ◽  
Manuel Carreiras
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Visual Word Recognition ◽  
Letter Position ◽  
Visual Word ◽  
Letter Identity

Word and pseudoword superiority effects: Evidence from a shallow orthography language

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1911-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Ripamonti ◽  
Claudio Luzzatti ◽  
Pierluigi Zoccolotti ◽  
Daniela Traficante
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Letter Position ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Superiority Effect ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Current State ◽  
Shallow Orthography

The word superiority effect (WSE) denotes better recognition of a letter embedded in a word rather than in a pseudoword. Along with WSE, also a pseudoword superiority effect (PSE) has been described: It is easier to recognise a letter in a legal pseudoword than in an unpronounceable nonword. At the current state of the art, both WSE and PSE have been mainly tested with English speakers. This study uses the Reicher–Wheeler paradigm with native speakers of Italian (a shallow orthography language). Different from English and French, we found WSE for reaction times (RTs) only, whereas PSE was significant for both accuracy and RTs. This finding indicates that in the Reicher–Wheeler task, readers of a shallow orthography language can effectively rely on both the lexical and the sublexical routes. As to the effect of letter position, a clear advantage for the first-letter position emerged, a finding suggesting a fine-grained processing of the letter strings with coding of letter position and indicating the role of visual acuity and crowding factors.

Visual perceptual limitations on letter position uncertainty in reading

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-295
Author(s):  
Marialuisa Martelli ◽  
Cristina Burani ◽  
Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Keyword(s):  
Letter Position ◽  
Explanatory Theory ◽  
Position Uncertainty ◽  
Theory Of Reading ◽  
Orthographic Coding

AbstractFrost presents an explanatory theory of reading that generalizes across several languages, based on a revised role of orthographic coding. Perceptual and psychophysical evidence indicates a decay of letter position encoding as a function of the eccentricity of letters (crowding); this factor may account for some of the differences in the languages considered by Frost.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document