scholarly journals Real-time language comprehension research using the Apple-Psych system

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Mark Beeman ◽  
Morton A. Gernsbacher
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Language Comprehension

scholarly journals Preschoolers Flexibly Shift Between Speakers' Perspectives During Real‐Time Language Comprehension

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Khu ◽  
Craig G. Chambers ◽  
Susan A. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Language Comprehension

Eye movements as a window into real-time spoken language comprehension in natural contexts

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 409-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Eberhard ◽  
Michael J. Spivey-Knowlton ◽  
Julie C. Sedivy ◽  
Michael K. Tanenhaus
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Spoken Language Comprehension

scholarly journals Online pragmatic interpretations of scalar adjectives are affected by perceived speaker reliability

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245130
Author(s):  
Bethany Gardner ◽  
Sadie Dix ◽  
Rebecca Lawrence ◽  
Cameron Morgan ◽  
Anaclare Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Linguistic Communication ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Scalar Adjective ◽  
Scalar Adjectives

Linguistic communication requires understanding of words in relation to their context. Among various aspects of context, one that has received relatively little attention until recently is the speakers themselves. We asked whether comprehenders’ online language comprehension is affected by the perceived reliability with which a speaker formulates pragmatically well-formed utterances. In two eye-tracking experiments, we conceptually replicated and extended a seminal work by Grodner and Sedivy (2011). A between-participant manipulation was used to control reliability with which a speaker follows implicit pragmatic conventions (e.g., using a scalar adjective in accordance with contextual contrast). Experiment 1 replicated Grodner and Sedivy’s finding that contrastive inference in response to scalar adjectives was suspended when both the spoken input and the instructions provided evidence of the speaker’s (un)reliability: For speech from the reliable speaker, comprehenders exhibited the early fixations attributable to a contextually-situated, contrastive interpretation of a scalar adjective. In contrast, for speech from the unreliable speaker, comprehenders did not exhibit such early fixations. Experiment 2 provided novel evidence of the reliability effect in the absence of explicit instructions. In both experiments, the effects emerged in the earliest expected time window given the stimuli sentence structure. The results suggest that real-time interpretations of spoken language are optimized in the context of a speaker identity, characteristics of which are extrapolated across utterances.

Telling Something we can't Know: Experimental Approaches to Verbs Exhibiting Implicit Causality

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Greene ◽  
Gail McKoon
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Grammatical Subject ◽  
On Line ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Implicit Causality ◽  
Shed Light

An interpersonal verb such as annoy or admire can be categorized according to whether its grammatical subject or grammatical object initiates the interaction described by the verb Such a verb can also be categorized according to whether a derived adjective describes its grammatical subject (e g, annoying) or its grammatical object (e g, admirable) Although there has been much speculation (e g, Brown & Fish, 1983) that these and other characteristics of these verbs shed light on basic principles of human social interaction, we argue that research to date has failed to demonstrate directly any real-time consequences of these verbs during language comprehension We present evidence that the initiating-reacting distinction predicts on-line changes in the accessibility of these verbs' arguments, but that the existence of a derived adjective does not We conclude that tasks that question subjects explicitly about language may fail to reflect the ordinary processes of language comprehension

Circumscribing Referential Domains during Real-Time Language Comprehension

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig G Chambers ◽  
Michael K Tanenhaus ◽  
Kathleen M Eberhard ◽  
Hana Filip ◽  
Greg N Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Referential Domains
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