scholarly journals Backward associative strength determines source attributions given to false memories

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Hicks ◽  
Thomas W. Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Associative Strength ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Backward Associative Strength

scholarly journals Questioning the Role of Forward Associative Strength in False Memories: Evidence From Deese-Roediger-McDermott Lists With Three Critical Lures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Soledad Beato ◽  
Jason Arndt
Keyword(s):  
False Memory ◽  
Associative Strength ◽  
False Recognition ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Drm Paradigm ◽  
Backward Associative Strength

We report an experiment examining the factors that produce false recognition in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. We selectively manipulated the probability that critical lures produce study items in free association, known as forward associative strength (FAS), while controlling the probability that study items produce critical lures in free association, known as backward associative strength (BAS). Results showed that false recognition of critical lures failed to differ between strong and weak FAS conditions. Follow-up correlational analyses further supported this outcome, showing that FAS was not correlated with false recognition, despite substantial variability in both variables across our stimulus sets. However, these correlational analyses did produce a significant and strong relationship between BAS and false recognition. These results support views that propose false memory is produced by activation spreading from study items to critical lures during encoding, which leads critical lures to be confused with episodically-experienced events.

Children's Emotional False Memories

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 856-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Associative Strength ◽  
False Recognition ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Memories ◽  
False Recall ◽  
Relational Processing ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Neutral Information ◽  
Children's Memory

Eight- and 12-year-old children were presented with neutral and negative emotional Deese-Roediger-McDermott lists equated on familiarity and associative strength. Both recall and recognition (A') measures were obtained. Recall measures exhibited the usual age increments in true and false recollection. True neutral items were better recalled and recognized than true negative emotional items. Although the children showed more false recall for neutral than for negative emotional lists, false recognition was higher for negative emotional than for neutral items. A' analyses also showed that whereas true neutral information and false neutral information were easily discriminated by children regardless of age, the same was not the case for true and false negative emotional information. Together, these results suggest that although children may be able to censor negative emotional information at recall, such information promotes relational processing in children's memory, making true and false emotional information less discriminable overall.

'Wisdom'? ik Zeg 'Old', Jij Zegt 'Tooth'

2010 ◽  
Vol 84-85 ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Bregtje Seton
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Associative Strength ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Word Associations ◽  
Conceptual Representations ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Backward Associative Strength

Since concepts can be regarded as associative links to lexical items, conceptual representations can be measured verbally by looking at word associations. Word associations from native speakers of Dutch and from native speakers of English were used to form two priming conditions for an associative-priming study with a lexical-decision task. Participants were a low-proficiency group of Dutch students of English, a high-proficiency group of Dutch students of English and a group of native speakers of English. Results showed variation between different (groups of) items, suggesting that highly proficient students of English perform native-like on items which have different connotations in Dutch and English, and that native speakers of English show inhibitory responses on items with backward associative strength, whereas both Dutch groups did not show this inhibition.

scholarly journals The Role of Language Proficiency in False Memory: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Suarez ◽  
Maria Soledad Beato
Keyword(s):  
False Memory ◽  
Associative Strength ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
False Memories ◽  
L2 Proficiency ◽  
Memory Errors ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Current State

Memory errors and, specifically, false memories in the Deese/Roediger–McDermott paradigm have been extensively studied in the past decades. Most studies have investigated false memory in monolinguals’ native or first language (L1), but interest has also grown in examining false memories in participants’ second language (L2) with different proficiency levels. The main purpose of this manuscript is to review the current state of knowledge on the role of language proficiency on false memories when participants encode and retrieve information in the same language. To do so, a systematic literature search was conducted, and the available studies were reviewed. These studies differed in, for example, age, language proficiency, or material characteristics, including both high and low associative strength lists, and they reported different results. In this review, we attempted to make sense of the apparently contradictory results by carefully identifying participants’ language dominance and L2 proficiency. Specifically, the results indicated that, first, people are more prone to produce false memories in their dominant than in their non-dominant language. This result generalizes to lists with high and low associative strength, as well as to participants of different ages. Second, false memories do not differ between two languages when speakers are equally proficient in both languages. Finally, highly proficient L2 speakers produce more false memories in their L2 than speakers with lower L2 proficiency. The results of this review will be considered in the light of the theoretical frameworks of false memories and bilingual language processing.

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