Cleaving automatic processes from strategic biases in phonological priming

The author distinguishes two kinds of cognitive processes: automatic processes, which are mostly subconscious, are learned and changed slowly and are not subject to the capacity limitations of working memory, and strategic processes, which are conscious, are subject to capacity limitations, and can easily be adapted to situational circumstances. The perception of advertising and the way it influences brand evaluation involves both processes. Automatic processes govern the recognition of advertising stimuli, the relevance decision that determines further higher-level processing, the retrieval of information, and the provision of a heuristic for brand evaluation. Strategic processes govern learning and inference formation. The relative importance of both types of processes depends on product involvement. The distinction of these two types of processes leads to some conclusions that are at variance with current notions about advertising effects. For example, the attention span problem is relevant only for strategic processes. A certain amount of learning can occur with little conscious effort, and advertising's effect on brand evaluation may be more stable for low- than for high-involvement products.

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Automatic processes in aggression: Conceptual and assessment issues

Aggressive Behavior ◽

10.1002/ab.21576 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 44-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Matthias Bluemke ◽

Sarah Teige-Mocigemba

Keyword(s):

Automatic Processes

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Electrophysiological evidence for phonological priming in Spanish Sign Language lexical access

Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.02.018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (7) ◽

pp. 1335-1346 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Eva Gutiérrez ◽

Oliver Müller ◽

Cristina Baus ◽

Manuel Carreiras

Keyword(s):

Sign Language ◽

Lexical Access ◽

Phonological Priming ◽

Electrophysiological Evidence

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Spoken word recognition with gender-marked context

The Mental Lexicon ◽

10.1075/ml.1.2.06spi ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 277-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Elsa Spinelli ◽

Fanny Meunier ◽

Alix Seigneuric

Keyword(s):

Word Recognition ◽

Lexical Decision ◽

Priming Effect ◽

Selection Process ◽

Spoken Word Recognition ◽

Spoken Word ◽

Phonological Priming ◽

Phonological Information ◽

Gender Information

In a cross-modal (auditory-visual) fragment priming study in French, we tested the hypothesis that gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine or unefeminine) is used early in the recognition of the following word to discard gender-incongruent competitors. In four experiments, we compared lexical decision performances on targets primed by phonological information only (e.g. /kRa/-CRAPAUD /kRapo/; /to/-TOAD) or by phonological plus gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine /kra/-CRAPAUD; a /to/-TOAD). In all experiments, we found a phonological priming effect that was not modulated by the presence of gender context, whether gender-marked articles were congruent (Experiments 1, 2, and 3) or incongruent (Experiment 4) with the target gender. Moreover, phonological facilitation was not modulated by the presence of gender context, whether gender-marked articles allowed exclusion of less frequent competitors (Experiment 1) or more frequent ones (Experiments 2 and 3). We concluded that gender information extracted from a preceding gender-marked determiner is not used early in the process of spoken word recognition and that it may be used in a later selection process.

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