scholarly journals The emotional memory effect: Differential processing or item distinctiveness?

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1905-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Schmidt ◽  
Bonnie Saari
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Differential Processing

Is the emotional memory effect influenced by type of encoding and delay?

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Swift ◽  
Andrew Garcia ◽  
Maura Pilotti ◽  
Salif Mahamane ◽  
Jennifer Almand
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Emotional Memory

scholarly journals Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Activity in Childhood Predicts Emotional Memory Effects and Related Neural Circuitry in Adolescent Girls

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-886
Author(s):  
Grant S. Shields ◽  
Camelia E. Hostinar ◽  
Veronika Vilgis ◽  
Erika E. Forbes ◽  
Alison E. Hipwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Neural Circuitry ◽  
Memory Effects ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity

Abstract Negative emotional experiences can be more difficult to forget than neutral ones, a phenomenon termed the “emotional memory effect.” Individual differences in the strength of the emotional memory effect are associated with emotional health. Thus, understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of the emotional memory effect has important implications, especially for individuals at risk for emotional health problems. Although the neural basis of emotional memory effects has been relatively well defined, less is known about how hormonal factors that can modulate emotional memory, such as glucocorticoids, relate to that neural basis. Importantly, probing the role of glucocorticoids in the stress- and emotion-sensitive period of late childhood to adolescence could provide actionable points of intervention. We addressed this gap by testing whether hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity during a parent–child conflict task at 11 years of age predicted emotional memory and its primary neural circuitry (i.e., amygdala–hippocampus functional connectivity) at 16 years of age in a longitudinal study of 147 girls (104 with complete data). Results showed that lower HPA axis activity predicted stronger emotional memory effects, r(124) = −.236, p < .01, and higher emotional memory-related functional connectivity between the right hippocampus and the right amygdala, β = −.385, p < .001. These findings suggest that late childhood HPA axis activity may modulate the neural circuitry of emotional memory effects in adolescence, which may confer a potential risk trajectory for emotional health among girls.

Emotional enhancement takes time: The emotional memory effect increases with test delay

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Simpson ◽  
Stephen M. Lawrie ◽  
Jeremy Hall ◽  
Patrick O. Dolan ◽  
David I. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Test Delay

scholarly journals Effects of two different emotion-inducing methods on the emotional memory of non-clinically depressed individuals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0249863
Author(s):  
Wuji Lin ◽  
Jingyuan Lin ◽  
Xiaoqing Cai ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Memory Bias ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Clinically Depressed ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Emotional Condition

In the study of emotional memory bias in depressed individuals, most previous studies have used emotional materials, but there were significant differences in the effects of different emotion-inducing methods on face memory. In the present study, two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of different emotion-inducing methods on memory between healthy participants and non-clinically depressed participants. The results from experiment 1 showed that when feedback was used as induction, the memory performance of the non-clinical depression group was significantly higher than that of the healthy group under the condition of negative feedback. Under positive and neutral feedback, there were no significant differences between the two groups. In experiment 2, when emotional materials were used as a mode of induction, no significantly difference in each emotional condition between the healthy and depressed groups was found. The results of the present study show that different methods of emotional induction have different effects on depressed participants. Compared with the emotion induced by the emotional material, the non-clinical depressed participants had a better memory effect induced by negative emotional events.

Use of 2½ D imaging in analysis of NiTi martensite

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 610-611
Author(s):  
G. M. Michal
Keyword(s):  
Memory Effect ◽  
Monoclinic Phase ◽  
Reaction Path ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Low Symmetry ◽  
Hydride Phases ◽  
Unusual Shape

Several TEM investigations have attempted to correlate the structural characteristics to the unusual shape memory effect in NiTi, the consensus being the essence of the memory effect is ostensible manifest in the structure of NiTi transforming martensitic- ally from a B2 ordered lattice to a low temperature monoclinic phase. Commensurate with the low symmetry of the martensite phase, many variants may form from the B2 lattice explaining the very complex transformed microstructure. The microstructure may also be complicated by the enhanced formation of oxide or hydride phases and precipitation of intermetallic compounds by electron beam exposure. Variants are typically found in selfaccommodation groups with members of a group internally twinned and the twins themselves are often observed to be internally twinned. Often the most salient feature of a group of variants is their close clustering around a given orientation. Analysis of such orientation relationships may be a key to determining the nature of the reaction path that gives the transformation its apparently perfect reversibility.

Tensile Failure of 55-Nitinol Wire

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
F. I. Grace
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Effect ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Tensile Failure ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Initial Shape ◽  
Nitinol Wire ◽  
Cscl Type ◽  
Shear Transformation

An interest in NiTi alloys with near stoichiometric composition (55 NiTi) has intensified since they were found to exhibit a unique mechanical shape memory effect at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory some twelve years ago (thus refered to as NITINOL alloys). Since then, the microstructural mechanisms associated with the shape memory effect have been investigated and several interesting engineering applications have appeared.The shape memory effect implies that the alloy deformed from an initial shape will spontaneously return to that initial state upon heating. This behavior is reported to be related to a diffusionless shear transformation which takes place between similar but slightly different CsCl type structures.

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