scholarly journals Early flowers of primuloid Ericales from the Late Cretaceous of Portugal and their ecological and phytogeographic implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-230
Author(s):  
Else Marie Friis ◽  
Peter R. Crane ◽  
Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Central Dome ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Fossil Flowers ◽  
Extinct Genus ◽  
Persistent Calyx

A distinctive feature of the major eudicot diversification that occurred through the Late Cretaceous is the unequivocal presence of Cornales and diverse Ericales. Here we describe well-preserved fossil flowers from the Mira locality in western Portugal, of Campanian-Maastrichtian age, that we assign to a new extinct genus of Ericales with two new species; Miranthus elegans gen. et sp. nov. and Miranthus kvacekii sp. nov. The fossil flowers are pedicellate, structurally bisexual, actinomorphic, pentamerous and isomerous, with five narrowly triangular persistent calyx lobes, a five-lobed corolla, five antepetalous stamens, five staminodes alternating with the petals and a semi-inferior, unilocular ovary. The ovary consists of five carpels and has a raised nectariferous ring with stomata-like openings above the insertion of the perianth, and a long five-angled style. A key feature, which confirms a relationship with Primulaceae s. l., is the free, central dome-shaped placenta that bears numerous, densely spaced ovules. The ovary matures into a capsule containing many, minute, reticulate seeds. Flowers of Miranthus are especially similar to those of extant Samolus, a genus of about twelve species that is sister group to other genera of subfamily Theophrastoideae and that has a disjunct distribution mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. Miranthus also appears to have grown in environments influenced by marine conditions, an ecological preference also seen in Samolus. Miranthus expands the diversity of Ericales known from the Late Cretaceous, and together with previously described fossils provides further evidence that the diversification of Ericales was already underway by the Campanian-Maastrichtian stages of the Late Cretaceous.

On the ancestry of woodrats

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1564-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A Martin ◽  
Richard J Zakrzewski
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Lower Elevation ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Fourth Root ◽  
Extinct Genus ◽  
Coniferous Ecosystems

Abstract We evaluated the fossil record of extinct and extant woodrats, and generated a comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis of woodrat origins and relationships based on these data. The galushamyinin cricetines are redefined and reclassified as a subtribe of the Neotomini, including Repomys, Miotomodon, Galushamys, Nelsonia, and a new extinct genus with two new species. The geographic distribution of Nelsonia, restricted to montane coniferous forests of western Mexico, suggests that this subtribe was mostly confined to western coniferous ecosystems or similar ecosystems at lower elevation during glacial advances. A second subtribe of the Neotomini includes a new archaic genus and species, Neotoma, Hodomys, and Xenomys. Lindsaymys, a possible neotominin from the late Clarendonian (late Miocene) of California, demonstrates an occlusal morphology consistent with ancestry for the Neotomini, but the presence of a fourth root on M1 is problematic and may preclude the known populations from filling that role. Molars identified as Neotoma sp. from the Hemphillian (latest Miocene or early Pliocene) Rancho el Ocote assemblage of Guanajuato, Mexico, may represent the earliest Xenomys. Extant Neotoma species with a bilobed m3 appear to have originated subsequent to about 2.0 Ma, whereas Hodomys alleni and Xenomys nelsoni likely originated earlier from one or more extinct ancestors with an S-shaped m3.

scholarly journals New species of Lordomyrma (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Southeast Asia and Fiji

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1681 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA LUCKY ◽  
ELI M. SARNAT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Malaysian Borneo

Two new species of Lordomyrma are described: L. reticulata sp. nov. from Malaysian Borneo and L. vanua sp. nov. from Fiji. The occurrence of the former in Borneo expands the range of this genus to include Southeast Asia and the description of a new Fijian Lordomyrma indicates that this genus remains to be fully sampled, even in regions where it is considered to be well known. Taken together, these two findings suggest that Lordomyrma occupies a less disjunct distribution and is more widely distributed than previously suspected. There is a need for further sampling to reveal both diversity and distribution in this cryptic genus.

The genus Iare Barbalho and Penteado-Dias (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) in Mexico, with the description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2685 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN JOSÉ MARTÍNEZ ◽  
FADIA SARA CECCARELLI ◽  
ALEJANDRO ZALDÍVAR-RIVERÓN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Single Clade ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of the doryctine genus Iare, I. mexicanus sp. nov. and I. cheguevarai sp. nov., are genetically and morphologically described from a tropical dry forest in Jalisco, Mexico. Iare belokobylskiji Marsh is also reported for the latter region. These species represent the northernmost distribution records for the genus. A simultaneous Bayesian analysis with COI and 28S DNA sequence data recovered the three examined species of Iare within a single clade, though with low support. This genus appears nested within a large doryctine Neotropical clade as sister group of a cluster containing species of Callihormius Ashmead, Leluthia Cameron, Histeromeroides Marsh and Panama Marsh.

­­­Rudgea agresteophila and R. hileiabaiana (Palicoureeae, Rubiaceae): two new species from eastern Bahia, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Poleselli Bruniera ◽  
Daniela Cristina Zappi ◽  
Milton Groppo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Calyx Tube ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Persistent Calyx

This work is part of a larger ongoing study of taxonomy and systematics of Rudgea (Rubiaceae), with the recognition of two new Brazilian species, R. agresteophila and R. hileiabaiana, described and illustrated here. The new species occur in the eastern Bahia State, Brazil, which is a place of high diversity for Rudgea. Rudgea agresteophila is morphologically distinct within the genus, by the combination of thickly coriaceous leaves, flowers with long calyx-tube and fruits crowned by a persistent calyx up to 6 mm long; and is known only from the type locality, in the municipality of Jequié. Rudgea hileiabaiana is distinguished by its coriaceous leaves, up to 30 cm long and round to cordate base, broadly infundibular corolla and unexpanded calyx; and it is restricted to southern Bahia. Detailed data on distribution and habitat, phenology and conservation status of both species are presented.

Late Santonian megaspore floras from the Gulf Coastal Plain (Georgia, USA)

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lupia
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Western Interior Basin ◽  
Heterosporous Ferns

Fossil megaspore floras from the Late Cretaceous of North America have been studied extensively, but primarily from the Western Interior Basin. Two new megaspore floras are described from eastern North America along the Gulf Coastal Plain. Cumulatively, 10 genera and 16 species of megaspores are recognized from Allon, Georgia and along Upatoi Creek, Georgia (both late Santonian in age, ~84 Ma). Megaspores identified have affinities to both heterosporous lycopsids, e.g., Erlansonisporites, Minerisporites, and Paxillitriletes, and to heterosporous ferns, e.g., Ariadnaesporites, and Molaspora. Lycopsid megaspores are more diverse than fern megaspores in the Allon and the Upatoi Creek floras. Two new species—Erlansonisporites confundus n. sp. and Erlansonisporites potens n. sp.—are proposed.

scholarly journals Morphometric changes in two Late Cretaceous calcareous nannofossil lineages support diversification fueled by long-term cooling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
mohammad javad razmjooei ◽  
Nicolas Thibault ◽  
Anoshiravan Kani
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Calcareous Nannofossil ◽  
The Core ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Climatic Evolution ◽  
Biometric Measurements

Biometric measurements undertaken on two relevant taxa, Cribrosphaerella and Microrhabdulus, make the core of this chapter. The results of this paper allowed us to describe two new species of Microrhabdulus and suggest that the peculiar climatic evolution across the Campanian and Maastrichtian triggered a rise in diversity and size of nannofossils following both Cope’s and Bergmann’s rules and its possible effects on the morphometric changes of Cribrosphaerella and Microrhabdulus. In this study, the link between climate variability and diversification has been discussed, and two new species of Microrhabdulus are described.

scholarly journals Two new species of the genus Archaeopolycentra (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) from Cretaceous Taimyr amber

2021 ◽  
Vol 444 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
S.I. Melnitsky ◽  
◽  
V.D. Ivanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species

Two new caddisfly species Archaeopolycentra turvalsia sp. n. and Archaeopolycentra achupomotet sp. n. (Polycentropodidae) from Late Cretaceous Taymyr amber (Santonian, Kheta Formation, 85 Ma) are described and illustrated. Totally, now the list of caddisflies from Taymyr amber includes 13 species, and the family Polycentropodidae is represented by five species.

On the family Fissiphalliidae Martens, 1988, with descriptions of two new Amazonian species (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1325 (1) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA LÚCIA TOURINHO ◽  
ABEL PÉREZ GONZÁLEZ
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Genital Morphology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
Amazonas State

Two new species of Brazilian Fissiphalliidae are described. Fissiphallius chicoi n. sp. from Pará State, Gurupá municipality, whitewater floodplains (várzea), and Fissiphallius tucupi n. sp. from Amazonas State, Castanho municipality (paleovárzea). The number of species for this family in the Amazon rainforest increases from one to three. The two new species are closely related to Fissiphallius martensi Pinto-da-Rocha, 2004 from Amazonas State, Manaus. Fissiphalliidae and Zalmoxidae show remarkable similarities in somatic and genital morphology. Fissiphalliidae is kept as a family on the basis of its particular shape of the stragulum, but this character should be tested in a phylogenetic framework. A future phylogenetic analysis should determine if Fissiphalliidae is in fact the sister group of Zalmoxidae, or just a junior synonym. A key for identification, a distribution map, and notes on the distribution of the six species of Fissiphalliidae and the biology of the Amazonian species are given.

scholarly journals Notes on some Late Cretaceous goniasterid starfish (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) from Belgium and Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. A030321
Author(s):  
John W. M. Jagt ◽  
Elena A. Jagt-Yazykova ◽  
Barry W. M. Van Bakel ◽  
René H. B. Fraaije
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Radial Line ◽  
Large Crater ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Large Spine ◽  
Upper Maastrichtian ◽  
Upper Campanian

Both partially articulated specimens and dissociated marginal ossicles form the basis for erection of two new species of Late Cretaceous goniasterids from the Mons and Liège-Limburg basins (Belgium) and the Hannover area (Germany). Chomataster breizh sp. nov., which recalls the type species, Chomataster acules Spencer, 1913, but differs in several respects, is based on a partial external mould of the marginal frame of disc and arms in flint (upper Campanian Spiennes Chalk Formation; Mons Basin), as well as on a more or less complete individual, preserving small, spherical spines and granules and encased in a flint nodule from the upper Maastrichtian Nekum Member (Maastricht Formation; Liège-Limburg Basin). In Ch. breizh sp. nov., supero- and inferomarginals bear close-set granule pits, of varying sizes, as well as bivalved alveolar scars of pedicellariae; median superomarginals and all inferomarginals lack large, crater-shaped spine pits – such are found only in the disc/arm transition and along the arms. Dissociated supero- and inferomarginal ossicles from the lower and upper Campanian of the Hannover area and the upper Campanian of northeast Belgium, previously recorded either as indeterminate astropectinids or as Nymphaster obtusus (Forbes, 1848) var. nov. and as Nymphaster sp., respectively, here are assigned to Nymphaster mudzborgh sp. nov. This species is characterised by a row of 3–5 large spine pits on the aboral and lateral surfaces of superomarginals; inferomarginals have an angular profile and a close cover of granule pits. Nymphaster tethysiensis Villier, 2001, from the upper Campanian of Landes (southwest France; Villier and Odin, 2001) appears best accommodated in Chomataster as well, because in the arm superomarginals alternate rather than meet over the mid-radial line.

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