scholarly journals Fragmenty českého překladu básně Facetus

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Michal Dragoun ◽  
Kateřina Voleková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
National Library ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
High Middle Ages

The article deals with two incomplete handwritten copies of the poem Facetus with a Czech translation. The poem Facetus, or more specifically its version referred to as ‘Cum nihil utilius’ based on its incipit, probably originated in the 12th century; in the high Middle Ages, it was the second most widespread of moral lessons in verse. It was also used in school instruction, with which both copies are associated. The fragment of the National Museum Library 1 H b 179, most likely from the second decade of the 15th century, contains the beginning of the poem’s interpretation and a part of the text accompanied by a Latin explanation and Czech interlinear glosses on individual verses. This Czech version reveals a certain continuity with the tradition of Czech scientific terminology of St Vitus School and Bartholomew of Chlumec, called Claretus. The second copy is written on the front free endpaper of the manuscript of the National Library of the Czech Republic X F 19; it comes from the turn of the 15th century; it is an incomplete record of the beginning of the text of the poem, with the Latin and Czech versions alternating after individual words or short sections. The study further provides a transcription of both fragments and records the manuscript preservation of the Latin text of Facetus, excerpts from it and German translations in Czech libraries.

Young Scholars Conference “Slavic World: Commonality and Diversity”. 21–22 May 2019. Session “Linguistics”

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Sergej A. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Context ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

For more than twenty years, the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences celebrates the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture with a traditional scholarly conference.”. Since 2014, it has been held in the young scholars’ format. In 2019, participants from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Togliatti, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, and Rostov-on-Don, as well as Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania continued this tradition. A wide range of problems related to the history of the Slavic peoples from the Middle Ages to the present time in the national, regional and international context were discussed again. Participants talked about the typology of Slavic languages and dialects, linguo-geography, socio- and ethnolinguistics, analyzed formation, development, current state, and prospects of Slavic literatures, etc.

scholarly journals The Biggest Museum Project in Czech History: The New Permanent Natural History Exhibitions in the National Museum Prague

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e26375
Author(s):  
Ivo Macek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Good Time ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Right

In 2018 the National Museum Prague (NMP) is celebrating its 200th anniversary. Today the Museum is facing its most valuable development: brand new permanent exhibitions. Our monumental historic building was constructed in 1891 in the heart of Prague. After more than one hundred years we had to close the building and remove all exhibitions which were older than 40 years. The building has about 8,000m2 and is divided into two parts. One belongs to our Natural History Museum (NHM) collections with Zoology, Palaeontology, Mineralogy, Botany and Mycology exhibitions. Our new natural history galleries will open in autumn 2019. Housed all on one floor, the galleries will be full of animals like invertebrates, fishes, reptiles, birds and mammals. The second floor will focus on palaeontology spanning more than 500 million years of evolution covering the geographical area of the modern Czech Republic. At the beginning we had to ask ourselves a few simple questions. How do we develop permanent exhibitions that will last for decades? Is excluding modern technology the right thing to do? Should we focus on a more informative/education style or should the interpretation be more populist? And what about the display cases? Should we use old repaired ones or modern cases? It would be great to have answers to all these questions but we still have to deal with the vision and constraints of our curators, collections, budget, legislation, technology and construction of the building. The project has no similar equivalent in the history of the Czech Republic so it was an extraordinary challenge to create our own process of developments with ongoing improvements. Through these developments we have formed new cooperation with technological partners and the creative industries. We are defining a new modern approach to the development and preparation of exhibitions in the Czech Republic. Now that we have reached the half way point towards our vision, it is a good time to report on progress.

Okruchy starożytności. Użytkowanie monet antycznych w Europie Środkowej, Wschodniej i Północnej w średniowieczu i w okresie nowożytnym

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Written Sources

Ancient coinage (understood here as pre-AD 6th century Greek, Celtic and Roman issues) constitutes a small percentage of hoards and other assemblages found in Central, Eastern and Northern Europe, dated to the Middle Ages and to the modern period. Ancient coins have also been recorded at other sites in contexts dated to the same time, such as burial or settlement sites. Finds sometimes include pierced coins, which suggests they may have been used as amulets or jewellery. The book contains the texts written by researchers from Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Sweden and Denmark. The aim of their studies of the archaeological, numismatic and written sources was to examine the use of ancient coins in the territories of present-day Poland, Baltic States, western Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, eastern Germany and Scandinavia in a period spanning from approximately 7th century to the turn of the 18th century.

Iron household items with cutlers’ marks from excavations in Veliky Novgorod 13th – the first half of the 15th century

2020 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Daria S. Serezhnikova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Western European ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
European Production

Experts in the blacksmithing of Ancient Russia have long been interested in iron household items with cutlers’ marks, such as knives and scissors. The research literature has already reviewed similar findings from Moscow, Tver, Torzhok, Pskov, Smolensk and Izborsk. In this study for the first time assembled, described and dated all iron knives and scissors with cutlers’ marks identified in the archaeological collection of Veliky Novgorod. All cutlers marks have been analyzed, and almost all have analogies in medieval Western European material. Almost all types of cutlers’ marks that are represented on Novgorod items are found on knives, and sometimes on swords or falchions found on the territory of Poland, the Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and England. There are similar cutlers’ marks on the territory of Ancient Russia, but in much smaller numbers. All items marked with the cutlers’ marks are products of Western European production, the old Russian blacksmiths did not practice branding their products. Most items with cutlers’ marks were brought to Novgorod from Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany. Individual items could get to Novgorod and from England through Hanseatic merchants. Items with cutlers’ marks found during excavations in Veliky Novgorod date back to the 13th – first half of 15th centuries.

Seven Egyptian Mummified Heads from the Collections of the Náprstek Museum

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
Lubica Oktábcová ◽  
Gabriela Jungová ◽  
Jiří Bučil ◽  
Jakub Pečený ◽  
Pavel Onderka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
External Examination ◽  
Ancient Egyptian

The paper presents results of CT and external examination of seven ancient Egyptian mummified isolated human heads from the collections of the National Museum – Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures. It is the first preliminary outcome regarding isolated parts of mummies from a multi-disciplinary project that aims to map all ancient Egyptian mummified material in public collections of the Czech Republic. The heads are well preserved and exhibit a variety of mummification techniques and materials.

scholarly journals The Middle Ages in Pollen-Analytical Research on the Territory of the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlasta Jankovská
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Analytical Research

Abstract An orientation survey of mostly the author’s own results of pollen analyses of medieval sediments from archaeological sites in the Czech Republic is presented. The aim of the several-year-long cooperation with archaeologists was to find out whether, and to what extent, the results of pollen analysis are able to specify more exactly the outcomes of archaeological research. Existing pollen-analytical results confirmed their potential to contribute to interdisciplinary archaeological-archaeobotanical research. From a pollen-analytical perspective it was possible to distinguish early medieval material from high medieval material, particularly in the area of larger medieval towns. Selected finds of palynomorphs (pollen grains, spores and Non-Pollen-Palynomorphs) are mentioned in more detail in the chapters “Botany and pharmacy”, “Hygiene and social situation”, “Problems of the age, function and/or disappearance of some archaeological features and situations” and “Pollen analysis and history”.

scholarly journals Collection of Iron Arrowheads of the Kyrgyz Great Power Epochs from the Kyrgyz National Museum in Bishkek City

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Yu. S. Khudyakov ◽  
A. Yu. Borisenko
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Great Power ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
High Middle Ages ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Moment

Purpose. We considered and analyzed the finds of iron arrowheads from a small collection of armament objects for long-range combat related to the epoch of Kyrgyz Great Power. The collection is exhibited at the moment in the National Museum of the Kyrgyz Republic in Bishkek City. Results. Precise location of these objects is not determined. However, it is known that all these objects of armament originate from the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan. The arrowheads from the collection have been preserved quite well, which distinguishes these findings from the armament objects of excavations of archaeological monuments of the cultures of ancient and medieval peoples in the Tian Shan. Having carried out a formal and typological classification analysis of the items from the collection, we determined a certain typological identity of the armament for longrange combat that were related to different groups and types of iron petiolate arrowheads according to the section and the form of feather. We found analogues to the arrows from our collection when discovered arrowheads of similar forms as a part of weapon complexes of ancient and medieval ethnicities inhabiting the Central Asian historical and cultural region during the Ancient times, Early and High Middle Ages. We traced the spread of arrowheads of different types, analyzed them as a part of our collection, and analyzed the items discovered in the course of previous research in medieval archaeological sites on the territory of northern Tian Chan Region in the bounds of Kyrgyzstan. The results of our analysis prove that all the arrowheads from the collection studied relate to the historical eras of the Early and High Middle Ages. Conclusion. A part of this collection is likely to have belonged to the complex of means for long-range combat. They used such arrowheads while shooting the enemy in the epoch of the Kyrgyz Khanate. Preponderance of armorpiercing and versatile iron arrowheads can testify the necessity to confront enemies in long-range combats and fight against adversaries who were powerfully armed and fully-equipped with metallic armor.

scholarly journals Preliminary Revision of the Palynological Collection of Professor Blanka Pacltová – A Significant Collection of Cenomanian Microflora Housed at the National Museum, Prague

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Eduardo Barrón ◽  
Jiří Kvaček ◽  
Jiřina Dašková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Bohemian Cretaceous Basin ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Angiosperm Pollen ◽  
Long Term Preservation

A preliminary revision of the palynological collection of Professor Blanka Pacltová was carried out considering samples from the middle Cenomanian of the Peruc-Korycany Formation, the basal most member of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (the Czech Republic). This collection is mainly composed of slides with palynological residues for light microscope study, which were mounted in the 1960s and 1970s. This work presents an evaluation of the state of preservation of this collection, taking into account the presence of ancient angiosperm pollen types. High percentage of preparations is affected by degradation of glycerine jelly and their remounting is necessary. The present study additionally suggests a methodology for curation of this collection with the objective of long-term preservation.

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