scholarly journals Výstavní politika oddělení novodobých českých dějin v letech 1973–1989

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Marek Junek
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preparatory Stage

The National Museum started increasingly to engage in exhibitions devoted to twentieth-century history, subsequent to the foundation of the Department of modern Czech history. Until then, it had left this subject area to the Party museums in Prague. Individual exhibitions were particularly devoted to anniversaries marking the emergence of KSČ (the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia), the Slovak national uprising, the end of the War, the year 1948 and building socialism. They varied in standard, and were based on ideas from the document “Lessons from the evolution of the crisis in the party and society after the 13th KSČ congress of 1970” and on the associated museological methodologies. However, at the same time they were conceived in a manner that reflected the acquisition conception of the Department, and sought to present political as well as cultural, economic and social topics. They also endeavoured to portray everyday life. All these exhibitions may thus be considered a preparatory stage that culminated in the permanent exhibition on the history of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals On the Russian Concept of Lād, 1830–1945

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Ewell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Harmonic Function ◽  
English Language ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Tonal Music ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Universally translated into English as “mode,” the Russian term лад (“lād”) first appeared in 1830 as a translation from German Tonart, which is usually translated into English as “tonality.” To Tchaikovsky a lād was, in fact, a tonality, but by century’s end lād had come to signify its pre-tonal cousin, mode. Boleslav Yavorsky’s work on the subject in the early twentieth century gave lād new post-modal and post-tonal meaning with respect to quasi-tonal and post-tonal music. In this article, I delve deeply into the history of this uniquely Russian concept, from its inception to its highly modified mid-twentieth century form. Rather than trying to find an English equivalent, I leave “lād” in its transliterated form, which disentangles it from inaccurate translations. I examine a 1945 Chopin analysis by Yavorsky’s student, Sergei Protopopov, which outlines new interpretations for Russian lād. Sketches for this analysis, from the Russian National Museum of Music, provide a backdrop for a reexamination of basic tonal constructs such as cadence, phrase, form, harmonic function, and melodic diminution. I then look at a famous 1930 conference on Yavorsky’s theories as an example of the high stakes involved in creating a Marxist musical science, in which lād played a primary role. I also briefly discuss Yavorsky’s theories as a counterweight to Hugo Riemann’s encroaching functionality, which was brought to Russia by Gregori Catoire in the early twentieth century. It is my hope that this work on lād will fill in many gaps for the English-language reader, and possibly spur further studies on this uniquely Russian concept.

scholarly journals Review of the Monograph: Sizov S.G. The White Capital of Russia: Everyday Life of Omsk (June 1918 – November 1919). Omsk, SibADI Publ., 2018. 240 p

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3 (27)) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Shilovsky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Detailed Picture

The review provides a detailed analysis of the research of doctor of science S.G. Sizov, dedicated to the daily life of Omsk during the Civil war. It is noted that the author, using archival materials and a large volume of various periodicals, was able to give a detailed picture of everyday life in Omsk during one of the most difficult periods in the history of Russia in the twentieth century, when the city became the White capital of Russia. Despite some omissions, according to the reviewer, the monograph makes a valuable contribution to the study of everyday life not only in Omsk, but throughout Russia during the social cataclysm of 1917-1920.

The Littlehampton Libels

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hilliard
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Criminal Trials ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
History Of ◽  
Police Detective ◽  
The Relationship

This book reconsiders the workings of literacy and law in everyday life in early twentieth-century Britain. It does so through an analysis of an extraordinary criminal case from the 1920s—a poison-pen mystery that led to a miscarriage of justice and four criminal trials. The case, which unfolded in the coastal Sussex town of Littlehampton, proved as difficult to the police and the lawyers involved as any capital crime. Yet the offence in question was not murder, but libel, a crime involving words. So when a leading Metropolitan Police detective was tasked with solving the case, he questioned the residents of Littlehampton about their neighbours’ vocabularies, how often they wrote letters, what their handwriting was like, whether they swore. He assembled an ethnographic archive of working-class literacy. This book uses the materials generated by the investigation and the legal proceedings to examine, first, the variety of language used in working-class communities, and, second, the ways working-class people engaged with the legal system and vice versa. The four trials illustrate questions of access to justice; the relationship between respectability and credibility as a witness; and the largely forgotten history of criminal libel in modern times.

‘Histories of Everyday Life’ in Local Museums

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-161
Author(s):  
Laura Carter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social History ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Folk History ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

The second part of this book, of which this chapter is part, is about the ‘history of everyday life’ in practice. This chapter examines the ‘history of everyday life’ in local community settings. It argues that folk museums were the museological vehicles of popular social history in mid-twentieth-century Britain. The British folk museum movement is traced via museum case studies in Luton, Cambridge, York, and the Highlands. Collecting practices, curation, visitors, and the educational programmes within each museum are analysed. The practices of several curator-collectors of everyday life, notably Enid Porter and Isabel Grant, are explored in depth. The chapter argues that folk history, so often thought of as a talisman of the extreme right, was recast at a community level into a feminized and conservative ‘history of everyday life’ for ordinary people. The final part of the chapter connects the ‘history of everyday life’ to debates about the emergence of commercial and industrial heritage in Britain during the 1960s and 1970s.

Tito's Secret Empire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Klinger ◽  
Denis Kuljis
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Party Leader ◽  
Winston Churchill ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
First Time

This groundbreaking biography of Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia presents many startling new revelations, among them his role as an international revolutionary leader and his relationship with Winston Churchill. It highlights his early years as a Comintern operative, the context for his later politics as a leader of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). The authors argue that in the 1940s, between the dissolution of the Comintern and the rise of NAM, Tito's influence and ambition were far wider than has been understood, extending to Italy, France, Greece and Spain via the international communist networks established during the Spanish Civil War. The book discloses for the first time the connection between Tito's expulsion from the Cominform and the Rome assassination attempt on the Italian Communist Party leader, Palmiro Togliatti — the man who had plotted to overthrow Tito. The book offers a pivotal contribution to our understanding of Tito as a figure of real, rather than imagined, global significance. The book will reward those who are interested in the history of international Communism, the Cold War and the Non-Aligned Movement, or in Tito the man — one of the most significant leaders of the twentieth century.

The Decline of Christianity in Twentieth-Century Britain

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas William Heyck
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social History ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Church Membership ◽  
British Society ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Ecclesiastical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Statistical Surveys

The history of religion in Britain—as distinct from church or ecclesiastical history—is making an impressive comeback in the consciousness of historians, with important implications for British cultural and social history. Not least affected is the history of Britain in the twentieth century. Fifteen years ago, the well-known social historian Alan Gilbert published his The Making of Post-Christian Britain, which soon became the standard account of the secularization of British society since the eighteenth century. Taking off from careful statistical surveys of Christian church membership and participation that he had done in two earlier books, and looking for explanation to a very broad range of cultural, economic, and social factors, Gilbert presented an argument that has seemed so powerful as to be an almost irresistible account of the apparent fact of the secularization of Britain. More recently, however, both religious historians and sociologists of religion have begun to question not only Gilbert's premises and argument, but also the very concept of secularization. The result of this questioning, exemplified by the books here reviewed, is a major controversy concerning the recent history of religion in Britain.

The Sultan’s Communists: An Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Alma Rachel Heckman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Jewish Studies ◽  
Nation State ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
The Future ◽  
National Liberation Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Colonialism

The introduction presents the main interventions and arguments of the book in the overlapping fields of Jewish Studies, Middle Eastern Studies, Maghrib Studies, and the history of global Communism. It depicts how the precolonial paradigm of Jews as representatives of the sultan, and the sultan as “protector” of the Jews, came under assault in Morocco with the introduction of European colonialism, formalized into French and Spanish Protectorates over Morocco. Across its chapters, the book demonstrates how the precolonial paradigm of “belonging” to the sultan became repurposed for modern Jewish participation in the future independent nation-state of Morocco. Most Jews active in the national liberation movement were members of the Moroccan Communist Party. Across the twentieth century, the book argues that the “Sultan’s Jews” became the “Sultan’s Communists,” demonstrating Moroccan Jewish patriotism and the mutually constitutive nature of “Moroccanness” and “Jewishness.”

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