Role of Tampan Tick Ornithodoros savignyi (Acari: Argasidae) in Transmitting Trypanosoma Evansi in Laboratory Animals

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Ornithodoros Savignyi

Calculations used for assessment of rapid maxillary expansion

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Bartok ◽  
Bogdan Dimitriu Dimitriu ◽  
Constantin Vârlan ◽  
Radu Stanciu ◽  
Georgiana Moldoveanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Literature Reference ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Materials Used

Rapid maxillary expansion is defined as the release of medio-palatine suture using an orthopedic forces. The role of this procedure is to expand  the upper jaw in order to achieve the  broadening of the upper arch. This study was initiated to quantify the effects of disjunction and post- treatment bone changes, after an adequate contention which lasted for three weeks. This study  is  carried on laboratory animals (common breed rabbit) to determine tensile strength and the elasticity modulus of  biological materials  used in orthdodontics. The results of the study are consistent with those reported in the literature reference.  

The cell biology and pathogenic role of pulmonary intravascular macrophages

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (2) ◽  
pp. L1-L12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Warner ◽  
J. D. Brain
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Uptake ◽  
Pulmonary Intravascular Macrophages

Pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) are an extensive population of mature phagocytic cells adherent to the pulmonary capillary endothelium in selected species. They are not prevalent in lungs of commonly studied laboratory animals, such as rodents, and thus have only been recently appreciated. However, their potential role in host defense and acute lung injury has attracted interest, since a number of studies have demonstrated pulmonary localization of circulating particles, microbes, and endotoxin by PIMs. Those animal species, such as ruminants, that provide useful models of pathogen (or endotoxin)-induced acute lung injury demonstrate rapid pulmonary uptake of bacteria by PIMs. Inflammatory mediators released by activated PIMs may initiate the process and provoke accumulation of neutrophils and platelets. This review summarizes the morphological characteristics of PIMs and their species distribution. The role of these members of the mononuclear phagocyte system, both beneficial and potentially pathogenic, is reviewed. The question of whether PIMs have a role in acute lung injury in humans is also discussed.

Considerations on the Use of Aromatase Inhibitors in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
pp. 385-400
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Blaustein
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Develop Breast Cancer ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
The Brain

About 1 of every 8 women will develop breast cancer during her lifetime, and approximately 250,000 new cancer cases are expected annually as of 2017. Of those breast cancers, approximately 60% to 75% will express estrogen receptors, suggesting that estrogens are likely to promote growth of those tumors. Because the use of inhibitors of the synthesis of estrogens is the adjuvant treatment of choice for many women, it is essential that we understand the potential adverse effects on quality of life of those treatments. This review addresses the role of estrogens locally synthesized in the brain in laboratory animals and women, the effects of estrogens on cognitive function, the effects of synthesis blockers on cognitive function, and the limitations in performing experiments that will give us strong confidence in the results and conclusions.

scholarly journals Comparing the Superficial Vasculature of the Central Nervous System in Six Laboratory Animals: A Hypothesis About the Role of the “Circle of Willis”

2019 ◽  
Vol 302 (11) ◽  
pp. 2049-2061
Author(s):  
Yoo Yeon Kim ◽  
Janet Ren Chao ◽  
Chulho Kim ◽  
Harry Jung ◽  
Boyoung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Nucleic acid content of turkey heart with a note on hemodynamic findings

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (5) ◽  
pp. 1102-1106
Author(s):  
Robert G. Sumner ◽  
Thomas C. Hoyle ◽  
Henry D. McIntosh ◽  
Robert E. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Nucleic Acid Content ◽  
Dna Concentration ◽  
Cellular Change ◽  
Marked Disparity ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Rna Concentration

In order to study the marked disparity in thickness of the left and right ventricular (LV and RV) walls of the turkey heart, DNA, RNA, and protein content of LV and RV myocardium were determined in fowl aged 4, 6, and 11 weeks and at maturity. DNA concentration in RV tissue was significantly greater than that in LV tissue in each bird and at each age. DNA concentration in both ventricles, moreover, decreased with increasing age. Protein concentration in both ventricles increased as did protein-to-DNA ratios. Although RNA concentration showed less consistent changes with age, the RNA-to-DNA ratio increased. It was concluded that the predominant cellular change with age was hypertrophy. In addition, electrocardiograms and hemodynamic data were obtained on birds in each group. Although pulmonary artery pressure is comparable to that in other laboratory animals, a markedly elevated systemic blood pressure develops between the ages of 6 and 11 weeks. The role of hypertension as a determinant of cellular size in the LV was not elucidated by this study.

scholarly journals The Discovery of Zoonotic Protozoans in Fleas Parasitizing on Pets as a Potential Infection Threat

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-822
Author(s):  
Olga Pawełczyk ◽  
Marek Asman ◽  
Krzysztof Solarz
Keyword(s):  
Companion Animals ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Ctenocephalides Canis ◽  
Cat Fleas ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Pathogenic Agents

Abstract Purpose Fleas are insects with a high medical and veterinary importance. They may participate in spreading of many pathogenic agents, but still there is limited information about their possible reservoir or vector role for protozoans. The main aim of this study was an attempt of detection zoonotic pathogens, such as Babesia microti and Toxoplasma gondii in fleas Ctenocephalides felis felis and Ctenocephalides canis. Methods In 2013–2017, 155 fleas were captured from domestic dogs and cats in veterinary clinics, animal shelters and pet grooming salons in Upper Silesia Region in Poland. Then, the DNA was extracted from each Ctenocephalides flea by using the ammonia method. Samples were screened for the presence of B. microti and T. gondii using PCR and nested PCR methods. Results B. microti was reported in 6.6% of C. felis felis and 9.1% of C. canis, whereas the prevalence of coinfection with B. microti and T. gondii was 1.9% in cat fleas and 2.3% in dog fleas. Conclusion This study shows the first cases of B. microti occurrence and B. microti and T. gondii coinfection in Ctenocephalides fleas. The estimation of prevalence of examined protozoans may be useful considering the possibility of infection among companion animals, as well as during presentation of the potential risk of infection in humans. In order to clarify the role of C. felis felis and C. canis in transmission of B. microti and T. gondii, the another studies with in vitro cultures and laboratory animals are needed.

scholarly journals The Plasma Erythropoietic Stimulating Factor

Blood ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMES W. LINMAN ◽  
FRANK H. BETHELL ◽  
HELENA K. TASCOTT
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Small Laboratory ◽  
Erythropoietic Activity ◽  
Rabbit Plasma ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Abstract 1. Boiled plasma extracts from anemic rabbits are capable of stimulating erythropoiesis in normal rats as demonstrated by reticulocytosis, erythrocytosis, and increased marrow erythropoietic activity. 2. In the nonanemic rat recipient the increased erythropoiesis is manifested by the production of cells of decreased size without associated increase in the hemoglobin or hematocrit determinations. The cells probably have a greatly shortened life span. 3. The factor in anemic rabbit plasma is not destroyed by prolonged boiling and is not precipitated by perchloric acid. On the basis of these observations it would seem to be nonprotein in nature. 4. Further investigations concerning the role of the erythrocyte stimulating factor in normal and abnormal erythropoiesis should be facilitated by the use of nonprotein plasma extracts which may be administered to small laboratory animals.

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