Bovine Cryptosporidiosis and the Egyptian Diarrheic Buffalo Calves

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Sophisticated Method ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Livestock Health

The negative impact of diarrhea on livestock health is well known, Cryptosporidium, is one of the protozoan that causes diarrhea in calves especially buffalo calves. Some species of Cryptosporidium represent a zoonotic hazard. This study aimed to distinguish the potential species of Cryptosporidium in affected buffalo calves and evaluate a modified technique to improve the molecular detection and identification of Cryptosporidium. Twenty buffalo calves suffered from diarrhea were enrolled in the study. The enrollment criteria depended on the results of Ziehl–Neelsen stain. Sugar floatation technique was performed followed by oocyst concentration to form a pellet for DNA extraction. Multiplex PCR was performed for identification and differentiation of Cryptosporidium Spp. The results showed a mixed infection in 4 samples; the most common type of Cryptosporidium affecting the examined buffalo calves was C.parvum (10), followed by C.bovis (7 samples) and C.andersoni (6 samples) while no C.reyne was detected in the examined samples. The zoonotic type, C.parvum was found in 50% of the total affected animals. The current study detects three Cryptosporidium spp. namely C.parvum, C. andersoni, and C.bovis linked to diarrhea in the studied buffalo calves. Mixed infection with more than one species of Cryptosporidium was present. Standard detection of oocyte in fecal samples using modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain is a simple way for diagnosis of Cryptosporidium. However, a more sophisticated method is recommended to detect and differentiate the zoonotic species in calves, as they symbolize a crucial source of human infection.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Identification of Piroplasms in Semi-Intensively Managed Cattle from Abeokuta, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
I. M. Famuyide ◽  
M. I. Takeet ◽  
A. O. Talabi ◽  
E. B. Otesile
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Haemolytic Disease ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
First Time

AbstractPiroplasmosis is a tick-borne haemolytic disease caused by different species of the Babesia and Theileria genera. Data on the prevalence of bovine piroplasms and their genetic diversity are scanty in Nigeria. Hence, this study reported the detection of some piroplasms in the blood of cattle in Abeokuta, Nigeria by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood samples were collected from 252 cattle and subjected to DNA extraction followed by PCR amplification of the partial region of 18S rRNA of the haemoprotozoans. Selected positive amplicons were unidirectionally sequenced and compared to the reference sequences from the Genbank. A total of 220 (87.3 %) cattle were positive for Theileria velifera and/or Babesia bigemina. The T. velifera was detected only in 163 (64.7 %) cattle, while 7 (2.8 %) cattle had a single infection with B. bigemina. Fifty cattle (19.8 %) had mixed infections with both parasites. There were no significant differences in piroplasm infections between the ages of cattle for both parasites. There were no significant differences in infection rates between the sexes for T. velifera, while the males had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) rate of infection for B. bigemina than the female cattle. The molecular detection of Babesia and Theileria species of cattle are reported for the first time in cattle in Abeokuta, Nigeria. This study, which confirmed the endemic nature of the parasites in cattle in the study area, stresses their importance in livestock health and production in Nigeria.

First molecular detection and identification of Trypanosoma evansi in goats from Cebu, Philippines using a PCR-based assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 100414
Author(s):  
Afraa Elata ◽  
Eloiza May Galon ◽  
Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni ◽  
Rochelle Haidee D. Ybanez ◽  
Ehab Mossaad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Detection And Identification

scholarly journals Molecular detection and identification of Rickettsia endosymbiont in different biotypes of Bemisia tabaci

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 271-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gueguen ◽  
J.M. Rolain ◽  
E. Zchori-Fein ◽  
F. Vavre ◽  
F. Fleury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Detection And Identification

Molecular detection and identification of hemoparasites in pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus Linnaeus, 1758) from the Pantanal Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia A.G. Silveira ◽  
Élida M.L. Rabelo ◽  
Ana C.R. Lacerda ◽  
Paulo A.L. Borges ◽  
Walfrido M. Tomás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Ozotoceros Bezoarticus ◽  
Detection And Identification

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Identification of Rickettsia Species in Ixodes pacificus in California

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 957-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Ninh Phan ◽  
Casey Roy Lu ◽  
William Garrett Bender ◽  
Robert Marion Smoak ◽  
Jianmin Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Ixodes Pacificus ◽  
Rickettsia Species ◽  
Detection And Identification

Moving towards an integrated approach to molecular detection and identification ofToxoplasma gondii

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. SU ◽  
E. K. SHWAB ◽  
P. ZHOU ◽  
X. Q. ZHU ◽  
J. P. DUBEY
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Detection And Identification

SUMMARYThe development of simple, sensitive and rapid methods for the detection and identification ofToxoplasma gondiiis important for the diagnosis and epidemiological studies of the zoonotic disease toxoplasmosis. In the past 2 decades, molecular methods based on a variety of genetic markers have been developed, each with its advantages and limitations. The application of these methods has generated invaluable information to enhance our understanding of the epidemiology, population genetics and phylogeny ofT. gondii. However, since most studies focused solely on the detection but not genetic characterization ofT. gondii, the information obtained was limited. In this review, we discuss some widely used molecular methods and propose an integrated approach for the detection and identification ofT. gondii, in order to generate maximum information for epidemiological, population and phylogenetic studies of this key pathogen.

Etio-Epidemiological Studies on Diarrhoea in Cattle and Buffalo Calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Sharma ◽  
Monika Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Causative Agents

Calf diarrhoea is the most commonly encountered disease syndrome and significant cause of economic losses in dairy industry. Present investigation was undertaken to find out the prevalence of causative agents of diarrhoea in the bovine calves for a period of one year. The effect of age, sex, season and parity of dam was also studied. E. coli was the major organism (86.00 %) observed in the faecal samples of the diarrhoeic calves followed by rotavirus, Eimeria spp. and Amphistomes (15.00 % each); Toxocara spp. (12.00 %); Strongyles (9.00 %); Cryptosporidium spp. (6.00 %); Trichuris spp. (5.00 %); and Salmonella spp. and Strongyloides spp. (3.00 % each). The prevalence of rotavirus, Cryptosporidium spp. and Eimeria spp. was found significantly higher in buffalo calves and crossbred calves than cow calves and Gir / local non-descript calves, respectively. The prevalence of Toxocara spp., Amphistomes and Strongyles in diarrhoeic buffalo calves was significantly higher than cow calves. Highest prevalence of E. coli and rotavirus was observed in faecal samples of diarrhoeic calves of 0-15 days age group. Rotavirus was not detected in faecal samples of diarrhoeic calves above 60 days age. The susceptibility of bovine calves for E. coli and rotavirus was found decreased with the advancement of the age. The prevalence of Salmonella spp. in diarrhoeic faecal samples of bovine calves was observed only in 16-60 days age whereas Cryptosporidium spp. was found only in 0-30 days age. The most of the parasitic infestations were observed after 30 days of age in calves. The calves of both sexes were equally susceptible to different causative agents of diarrhoea. The prevalence of E. coli and most of the helminth ova in the faecal samples of diarrhoeic calves was found maximum during rainy season whereas the rotavirus was observed mostly during winter season. The prevalence of E. coli, Salmonella spp., rotavirus and Cryptosporidium spp. was found highest in the faecal samples of the diarrhoeic calves of first or second parity dams.

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