scholarly journals Microvessel Density and Mammaglobin A Expression as Prognostic Markers in Molecular Types of Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2671-2676
Author(s):  
Adriana Andreea Jitariu ◽  
Amalia Raluca Ceausu ◽  
Adriana Meche ◽  
Cristian Nica ◽  
Amelia Burlea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Microvessel Density ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Mean Values

Increased microvessel density (MVD) values in breast cancer correlate with tumor growth and progression while mammaglobin (MGB) expression in tumor cells is associated with a favorable prognosis. We aim to evaluate and correlate MVD values with MGB expression in molecular types of breast cancer specimens and to determine their utility as prognostic biological markers. A number of 52 breast cancer specimens were included in the study. Specimens were processed for routine histopathological diagnosis followed by the molecular classification by means of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and HER2 immunohistochemical reactions. After performing immunohistochemistry for CD34 and MGB, MVD evaluation was made using the �hot spot� method for each case and MGB was scored between 0 (negative) and +3 (strong positive) depending on the intensity and distribution of the staining. MGB expression in tumor cells and MVD mean values were extremely variable. The greatest MVD mean values were obtained in luminal B followed by HER2, luminal A and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (95.33, 69, 62, and 40, respectively). MGB expression in the tumor cells generally ranged from mild to weak and was strong only in a few invasive ductal carcinoma cases. In cases with TNBCs the expression of MGB in tumor cells was weak and focal or negative. This variability was noticed between the molecular types of breast cancers and even within the same molecular type. In a restricted number of cases, MGB positive tumors were associated with low MVD values while the negative cases were characterized by increased MVD mean values. The variable results we obtained regarding the correlation between MVD and MGB in breast cancer specimens may indicate a rather restricted use of MVD/MGB in estimating breast cancer patients� prognosis.

scholarly journals Pilot Study of Breast Cancer Patients with a Long Term Follow up in Erbil-Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Suhel M Esmael Najjar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Background: Breast cancer remains as the most common malignant neoplasm in females and one of the main life-threatening diseases, this long-term follow-up study under run for patients of carcinoma of the breast. Objective: To gain practical feedbacks from the progression and fates of the patients who had been managed by the standard is previously known international guidelines. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study involved (40) breast cancer cases In Erbil-Iraq for more than 15 years. Checkup tools were clinical examinations, laboratory investigations, and images for recurrence and metastasis. The following parameters had been studied; Age, clinical presentation, histopathological diagnosis, staging and management including surgeries, further adjuvant therapies and survival rates by periodic follow-up both in hospital and home visits. Results: The results of this study showed that the left breast affected more frequently by 2:1 than the right. In 85% of patients, 1st presentations were in the 1-3 months and in stage II. Age's distribution was mainly between 31-60 years. Only 6 (15%) cases showed positive family history. The most common histopathology type was infiltrative ductal carcinoma 27(67.5%) and the prominent grades were (GII and GIII). Molecular based distribution of (Luminal B) was the biggest immunohistochemical type. About 70% of the cases were managed by quadrectomy or simple mastectomy and/or Axillary clearance. By (15) years follow-up (42.5%) cases lived between 5 to 10 years, and another (17.5%) survived above 10 years. No relation found between the cope of patients with her malignancy and course of the disease. Conclusion: In the future, we have to concentrate on middle age and more scientific educations as they are most affected by (IDC) with advanced searching management routes. Older patient’s carcinoma convention was less aggressive than younger, their life expectancy longer after diagnosis and treatment options. In the young group patient's tumor was more aggressive. Anyhow, breast cancer character remained unpredictable for various involved factors complexity and physiological variability of females. Recurrences, metastasis, and survival depend on familial and environmental code factors. Delay diagnosis is still a disaster in this locality that interferes with better results. Keywords: Breast cancers, follow-up, management , prognosis

Early-stage male breast cancer: A 10-year experience

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11630-e11630
Author(s):  
N. Gercovich ◽  
E. Gil Deza ◽  
M. Russo ◽  
C. Garcia Gerardi ◽  
C. Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Male Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Male Breast ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

e11630 Introduction: Male breast cancer is very rare, representing only between 0.7% and 1% of all breast cancers, and only half of them are early stage cases. Objective: The present study has been designed with the aim of studying retrospectively the clinical onset and evolution of male invasive breast cancer patients (stages I and II) treated at IOHM between 1997 and 2008. Methods: The records of 3,000 breast cancer cases followed between 1997 and 2008 were searched, looking for male stage I and II breast cancer patients. A database was designed following the recommendations of the Directors of Surgical Pathology of the USA. The information registered encompassed: adjuvant treatments, recurrence date and date of final consultation or death. Results: Twelve pts were identified. Mean age (range)= 66 yo (50–89 yo). Tumoral type= Invasive Ductal Carcinoma 12 pt. Tumoral subtype= NOS 9 pt (75%) Apocrine 2 pt (17%) Micropapillar 1 pt (8%). Nottingham´s grade= Grade 2: 8 pt, Grade 3: 3 pt, N/A=1 pt. Stage= I= 6 pt, II=6 pt. ER (Positve= 9 pt, Negative=1 pt, N/A= 2 pt). PR (Positve= 8 pt, Negative= 2 pt, N/A=2 pt). Her2neu (0+= 3 pt, 1+= 3 pt, 2+= 2 pt, N/A= 4 pt). Surgery= Mastectomy= 11 pt, Lumpectomy 1= pt. Radiotherapy=5 pt. Adjuvance= No=2 pt, Hormonotherapy (HT)= 3 pt, Chemotherapy (CHT) = 3 pt, CHT+HT= 4 pt. Recurrence= Yes= 2 pt, No= 10 pt. Survival: Dead= 1 pt, Alive =11 pt. Mean Time To Progression= Stage I =66 months, Stage II =42 months. Global survival: Stage I =66 months, Stage II =52 months. Conclusions: 1. Twelve stage I and II male breast cancer patients were identified out of 3000 (0.4%) breast cancer cases diagnosed and followed in the past 10 years at the IOHM. 2. Mastectomy was the surgical procedure in 11 of the 12 cases 3. Ten pt underwent adjuvant treatment. 4. With a mean follow up time of 60 months, all stage I patients are alive and there were no recurrences. Two of the 6 stage II pts progressed and one died. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

The potential benefit of trastuzumab-based therapy upon lapatinib progression in heavily preatreated patients with advanced HER2 positive breast cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11576-e11576
Author(s):  
Anastasios L. Boutis ◽  
Sofia Chatzileontiadou ◽  
Nikolaos Diamantopoulos ◽  
Athanasios Pouptsis ◽  
Chariklia Fotiou
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Advanced Breast ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Adjuvant Trastuzumab ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
Increased Risk

e11576 Background: Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) occurring in about 20% of breast cancers is associated with increased risk of disease recurrence and worse prognosis. Despite the advent of therapies that target HER2, particularly, trastuzumab and lapatinib, that have altered the natural course of HER2-positive advanced breast cancer, tumor progression remains inevitable. New agents are in clinical development, but up to date there are limited data to direct the treatment of patients after lapatinib progression. Methods: We retrospectively searched for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer patients treated at our clinic, who received both trastuzumab-based therapy and lapatinib upon trastuzumab-progression in the metastatic setting. Thirty patients, all female, suffering from HER2-positive advanced breast cancer were identified. HER-2 positivity was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC 3+) or chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH+). Results: Of the 30 patients, 83.3% had invasive ductal carcinoma; 60% had positive hormone receptor status, and 80% grade 3 tumours. Half of the patients received adjuvant trastuzumab. Median age was 57 years, range 37-79 years. 36.6% were switched to lapatinib after a median of three (range 2-6 lines) trastuzumab-based treatment lines. In 8 pts (37.5%) trastuzumab was re-started after lapatinib progression. In 7 of these patients, trastuzumab was combined with chemotherapy. Median progression free survival and overall survival in these patients was 4.75 and 8.87 months respectively. 3 patients received bevacizumab-based therapy upon lapatinib failure. Conclusions: Trastuzumab rechallenge after lapatinib progression may be active in a subgroup of heavily pre-treated patients. Clinical benefit of this strategy has to be balanced especially in limited resource settings with unavailability of novel agents or early phase clinical trials. As of now, there is no uniform accepted standard to define the optimal treatment approach of patients upon lapatinib progression showing the real need for new therapies in this population.

scholarly journals Survival outcomes are associated with genomic instability in luminal breast cancers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245042
Author(s):  
Lydia King ◽  
Andrew Flaus ◽  
Emma Holian ◽  
Aaron Golden
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death among women. Breast cancers are generally diagnosed and treated based on clinical and histopathological features, along with subtype classification determined by the Prosigna Breast Cancer Prognostic Gene Signature Assay (also known as PAM50). Currently the copy number alteration (CNA) landscape of the tumour is not considered. We set out to examine the role of genomic instability (GI) in breast cancer survival since CNAs reflect GI and correlate with survival in other cancers. We focused on the 70% of breast cancers classified as luminal and carried out a comprehensive survival and association analysis using Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) data to determine whether CNA Score Quartiles derived from absolute CNA counts are associated with survival. Analysis revealed that patients diagnosed with luminal A breast cancer have a CNA landscape associated with disease specific survival, suggesting that CNA Score can provide a statistically robust prognostic factor. Furthermore, stratification of patients into subtypes based on gene expression has shown that luminal A and B cases overlap, and it is in this region we largely observe luminal A cases with reduced survival outlook. Therefore, luminal A breast cancer patients with quantitatively elevated CNA counts may benefit from more aggressive therapy. This demonstrates how individual genomic landscapes can facilitate personalisation of therapeutic interventions to optimise survival outcomes.

scholarly journals Performing Data Mining to Explain the Correlation between the BIRC5 Gene and Prognosis in Breast Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Dongsheng ◽  
Zhang YanFang ◽  
Ye Ziqi ◽  
Chen Jing ◽  
Lu Xiaoyang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Er Positive

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly malignant cancers in women, and BIRC5 has been found to be overexpressed in a variety of human tumors. Its expression is associated with the prognosis of many cancers. However, whether BIRC5 mRNA could be used as an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer remains inconsistent in previous studies.Methods: Altered BIRC5 expression in normal tissue relative to various tumor tissue and in breast cancer patients with different molecular subtypes, clinical outcomes and chemotherapy responses were examined using the Oncomine, GOBO and Kaplan-Meier plotter datasets.Results: We found that many breast cancers had increased BIRC5 mRNA expression, and GOBO analysis showed that triple-negative cell lines displayed highest BIRC5 mRNA expression levels in the breast cancer cell line panel. Moreover, BIRC5 high mRNA expression was significantly associated with longer relapse-free survival (RFS) in all breast cancer patients. In particular, sub analysis revealed that high mRNA expression of BIRC5 was significantly associated with better survival in ER positive (HR = 2.05, p = 1e-16), but not in ER negative breast cancer (HR = 1.24, p = 0.1), furthermore, the results also demonstrated that BIRC5 high expression was significantly associated with longer RFS in luminal A (HR = 1.51, p = 3.1e-06) and luminal B (HR = 1.28, p = 0.026).Conclusions: In conclusion, BIRC5 is involved in the development and progression of breast cancer and may be a suitable prognostic marker for human breast cancer.

scholarly journals The St. Gallen 2019 Guidelines understages the Axilla in Lobular Breast Cancer a Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrik Narbe ◽  
Par-Ola Bendahl ◽  
Marten Ferno ◽  
Christian Ingvar ◽  
Looket Dihge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Axillary Lymph Node ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
National Quality

Background The St. Gallen 2019 guidelines recommend omission of completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) in breast cancer patients with 1-2 sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases regardless of histopathology. Concurrently, adjuvant chemotherapy is endorsed for luminal A-like disease with ≥4 axillary lymph node (ALN) metastases. We aimed to estimate the proportion of patients with invasive lobular cancer (ILC) and invasive ductal cancer of no special type (NST) and 1-2 SLN metastases for whom cALND would indicate need of adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Patients with ILC and NST histopathology undergoing primary surgery 2014-2017 were identified in the Swedish National Quality Breast Cancer register. After exclusion of patients with incongruent or missing data, 1886 patients who fulfilled the St. Gallen 2019 criteria for cALND omission were included in the study cohort. Results Patients with ILC (n = 329) had a higher metastatic nodal burden and more often a luminal A-like subtype compared with NST patients (n = 1507). The prevalence of ≥ 4 ALN metastases was higher in ILC (31%) than in NST (15%), corresponding to an adjusted odds of 2.26 (95% CI 1.59-3.21). Luminal A-like breast cancers with ≥4 ALN metastases were overrepresented in ILC cases (52/281 (19%)) compared to NST cases (43/1299 (3%)), P<0.001. Conclusions Patients with ILC more often had a luminal A-like breast cancer with ≥4 ALN metastases compared with NST patients. Abstaining cALND in patients with luminal A-like ILC with 1-2 SLN metastases warrants future attention as it risks nodal understaging and hence undertreatment in one-fifth of these patients.

scholarly journals Expression of glutamine metabolism-related proteins according to molecular subtype of breast cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sewha Kim ◽  
Do Hee Kim ◽  
Woo-Hee Jung ◽  
Ja Seung Koo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Glutamine Metabolism ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Glutaminase 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of glutamine metabolism-related proteins to determine whether glutamine is metabolized differently according to breast cancer molecular subtype. We generated a tissue microarray of 702 breast cancer patients and performed immunohistochemical staining for glutamine metabolism-related proteins, including glutaminase 1 (GLS1 (GLS)), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH (H6PD)), and amino acid transporter-2 (ASCT2 (SLC1A5)), which were separately evaluated in tumor and stroma compartments and then analyzed by breast cancer molecular subtypes. Breast cancers were classified as follows: 293 luminal A (41.7%), 166 luminal B (23.6%), 67 HER2 type (9.6%), and 176 TNBC (25.1%). HER2 type showed the highest stromal GLS1 (P=0.001), tumoral GDH (P=0.001), stromal GDH (P<0.001), and tumoral ASCT (P<0.001) expression. We identified differential expression of glutamine metabolism-related proteins according to molecular subtype of breast cancer. The highest glutamine metabolic activity was seen in HER2-type breast cancer.

scholarly journals Can Color and Spectral Doppler Ultrasound of Breast Cancers Help to Predict the Immunohistochemistry profile?

2019 ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Alikhassi ◽  
Soodabeh Zamani Nokandeh ◽  
Kazem Mousavi ◽  
Hana Saffar ◽  
Masoumeh Gity ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Spectral Doppler ◽  
Doppler Color

  Purpose: To determine the relationship between color and spectral Doppler features of breast cancers and their biomarkers. Patients and Methods: From January 2017 to January 2018, 43 patients with breast cancer were enrolled. Age, existence of color flow in the Doppler ultrasound, color flow pattern, tumor size, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) subtypes were recorded. Results: Among 43 breast cancer patients, IHC profiles showed that 36 patients were estrogen (ER) positive, 30 patients were progesterone (PR) positive, and 12 patients were human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) positive. The prevalence of biomarker groups in this study were as follows: luminal A, 21 patients (48.83%); luminal B, 15 (34.88%); Her 2 amplifier, 2 (4.65%); and triple negative, 5 (11.62%). Thirty-seven patients (86.04%) with malignant masses had detectable flow and six patients (13.95%) had no detectable flow. The ER-positive and PR-positive breast cancers had the highest vascular presence rate in color Doppler ultrasound but it was not statistically significant. Maximum vessel diameter in different biomarker groups and Doppler color patterns with various biomarkers showed no significant differences. Conclusion: It is not possible to predict breast cancer biomarker groups using available color Doppler features and indexes, so pathology with IHC is still required.  

scholarly journals Overexpression of CD155 associated with PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on immune cells, rather than tumor cells in microenvironment of breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruibin Wang ◽  
Yu-Chen Li ◽  
Quan Zhou ◽  
Shu-Zhen Lv ◽  
Ke-Yu Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Counts

Abstract Objective This study was performed to investigate the expression status of CD155 and the association with exhausted CD4 + helper and CD8 + cytotoxic tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in breast cancer microenvironment. Methods 126 breast cancer patients with invasive ductal breast cancer were recruited into this study consecutively. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression CD155, PD-L1 and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on tumor-infiltrating immune cells and tumor cells in the microenvironment. Results The proportion of patients with CD155 expression was higher in triple negative breast cancer (72.7%) than Luminal A patients (22.2%, p<0.05). Patients with positive CD155 expression had higher percentage of CD4 + /PD-1 + helper TILs (30%) than patients with negative CD155 expression (21%, p<0.05). Patients with positive CD155 expression also had higher cell counts of exhausted CD4+ TILs (47 vs. 20/HPF) and unexhausted CD8+ TILs (30 vs. 17/HPF) than patients with negative expression (p<0.05). CD155 expression was correlated with an increased PD-L1 expression in immune cells, 0.8% and 0.02% immune cells expressing PD-L1 in patients with positive and negative CD155 expression, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions CD155 was related with an inhibitory immune microenvironment of breast cancer. CD155 was associated with high proportion of exhausted CD4 + and unexhausted CD8 + TILs and high PD-L1 expression in immune cells.

scholarly journals The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Patients With Luminal A Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahal Eshghifar ◽  
Fatemeh Rouhollah ◽  
Nooshin Barikrow ◽  
Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili ◽  
Mohammad Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Breast Tissues

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women around the world. The molecular mechanisms of this heterogeneous disease have been extensively investigated; but still; need many sensitive and specific markers for prognostic and early diagnostic approaches. Non-protein coding RNAs known as lncRNAs are reported in tumorogenesis involvement. hence could be used as therapeutic targets.In the present study, we examined the expression levels of CCAT1, PDCD4, PDCD4-AS1, and MEG3 LncRNAs in tumor and adjacent breast tissues in 88 Iranian patients by quantitative real-time PCR. CCAT1 was notably overexpressed and PDCD4-AS1 was decreased in tumor samples, PDCD4 and PDCD4-AS1 showed a positive association with each other, higher levels of PDCD4-AS1 were associated with better survival, tumor samples showed lower levels of PDCD4 compared to normal tissue.Our findings show that lncRNAs play critical roles in controlling post-transcriptional gene expression of key tumor suppressor or oncogenic genes, leading to TNBC progression.As a result, this research looked into the prognostic role of lncRNAs in breast cancer patients.

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