scholarly journals Microbead Encapsulation of Living Plant Protoplasts: A New Tool for the Handling of Single Plant Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1500140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Grasso ◽  
Philip M. Lintilhac
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cells ◽  
Plant Protoplasts ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Living Plant

scholarly journals Use of Fluorescent Protein Tags to Study Nuclear Organization of the Spliceosomal Machinery in Transiently Transformed Living Plant Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 3233-3243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdravko J. Lorković ◽  
Julia Hilscher ◽  
Andrea Barta
Keyword(s):  
Transient Expression ◽  
Rna Processing ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Nuclear Organization ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cajal Bodies ◽  
Plant Protoplasts ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein ◽  
Specific Proteins

Although early studies suggested that little compartmentalization exists within the nucleus, more recent studies on metazoan systems have identified a still increasing number of specific subnuclear compartments. Some of these compartments are dynamic structures; indeed, protein and RNA-protein components can cycle between different domains. This is particularly evident for RNA processing components. In plants, lack of tools has hampered studies on nuclear compartmentalization and dynamics of RNA processing components. Here, we show that transient expression of fluorescent protein fusions of U1 and U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (snRNP)-specific proteins U1-70K, U2B″, and U2A ′, nucleolar proteins Nop10 and PRH75, and serine-arginine-rich proteins in plant protoplasts results in their correct localization. Furthermore, snRNP-specific proteins also were correctly assembled into mature snRNPs. This system allowed a systematic analysis of the cellular localization of Arabidopsis serine-arginine-rich proteins, which, like their animal counterparts, localize to speckles but not to nucleoli and Cajal bodies. Finally, markers for three different nuclear compartments, namely, nucleoli, Cajal bodies, and speckles, have been established and were shown to be applicable for colocalization studies in living plant protoplasts. Thus, transient expression of proteins tagged with four different fluorescent proteins is a suitable system for studying the nuclear organization of spliceosomal proteins in living plant cells and should therefore allow studies of their dynamics as well.

Confocal microscopy of the cytoskeleton in living plant cells following microinjection of fluorescent probes

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
Ann Cleary
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Intracellular Transport ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cell Plate ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Rhodamine Phalloidin

Microinjection of fluorescent probes into living plant cells reveals new aspects of cell structure and function. Microtubules and actin filaments are dynamic components of the cytoskeleton and are involved in cell growth, division and intracellular transport. To date, cytoskeletal probes used in microinjection studies have included rhodamine-phalloidin for labelling actin filaments and fluorescently labelled animal tubulin for incorporation into microtubules. From a recent study of Tradescantia stamen hair cells it appears that actin may have a role in defining the plane of cell division. Unlike microtubules, actin is present in the cell cortex and delimits the division site throughout mitosis. Herein, I shall describe actin, its arrangement and putative role in cell plate placement, in another material, living cells of Tradescantia leaf epidermis.The epidermis is peeled from the abaxial surface of young leaves usually without disruption to cytoplasmic streaming or cell division. The peel is stuck to the base of a well slide using 0.1% polyethylenimine and bathed in a solution of 1% mannitol +/− 1 mM probenecid.

scholarly journals Behavior of Microtubules in Living Plant Cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Hepler ◽  
J. M. Hush
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cells ◽  
Living Plant

Effectors of biotrophic fungal plant pathogens

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela H. P. Gan ◽  
Maryam Rafiqi ◽  
Adrienne R. Hardham ◽  
Peter N. Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Host Cytoplasm ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens ◽  
Biotrophic Fungi

Plant pathogenic biotrophic fungi are able to grow within living plant tissue due to the action of secreted pathogen proteins known as effectors that alter the response of plant cells to pathogens. The discovery and identification of these proteins has greatly expanded with the sequencing and annotation of fungal pathogen genomes. Studies to characterise effector function have revealed that a subset of these secreted pathogen proteins interact with plant proteins within the host cytoplasm. This review focuses on the effectors of intracellular biotrophic and hemibiotrophic fungal plant pathogens and summarises advances in understanding the roles of these proteins in disease and in elucidating the mechanism of fungal effector uptake into host cells.

Recording mitotic chromosome cycle induction in living plant cells

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 107 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
C. de la Torre ◽  
M. L. Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Chromosome Cycle
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