Evolution of limited seed dispersal ability on gypsum islands

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (9) ◽  
pp. 1811-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Schenk
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Ability

Crassocephalum crepidioides (redflower ragleaf).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval ◽  
Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Pioneer Species ◽  
Invasive Capacity

Abstract C. crepidiodes is an invasive herb included in the Global Compendium of Weeds and classified as one of the most aggressive weeds occurring in tropical and subtropical regions (Randall, 2012). It is a pioneer species with the capability to produce large amounts of hairy wind-dispersed seeds. However, Chen et al. (2009) suggest that seed dispersal ability is limited. Chen et al. (2009) report that the species has only a moderate invasive capacity and that its wide distribution in China possibly correlates with its cultivation.

scholarly journals Adapted dandelions increase seed dispersal potential when they are attacked by root herbivores

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Bont ◽  
Marc Pfander ◽  
Christelle A. M. Robert ◽  
Meret Huber ◽  
Erik H. Poelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Melolontha Melolontha ◽  
Herbivore Attack ◽  
Dispersal Potential ◽  
Root Herbivores ◽  
Root Herbivore ◽  
Herbivore Pressure

AbstractPlants allow their offspring to escape unfavourable local conditions through seed dispersal. Whether plants use this strategy to escape herbivores is not well understood. Here, we explore how different Taraxacum officinale populations modify seed dispersal in response to root herbivore attack by Melolontha melolontha in the field. Root herbivore attack increases seed dispersal potential through a reduction in seed weight in populations that have evolved under high root herbivore pressure, but not in populations that have evolved under low pressure. This increase in dispersal potential is associated with reduced germination, suggesting that adapted plants trade dispersal for establishment. Analysis of vegetative growth parameters suggests that increased dispersal is not the result of stress flowering. These results suggest that root herbivory selects for genotypes that increase their dispersal ability in response to herbivore attack.

scholarly journals High seed dispersal ability of Pinus canariensis in stands of contrasting density inferred from genotypic data

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unai López de Heredia ◽  
Nikos Nanos ◽  
Eduardo García-del-Rey ◽  
Paula Guzmán ◽  
Rosana López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Pinus Canariensis

Effect of habitat fragmentation on seed dispersal ability of a wind-dispersed annual in an agroecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 107138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Chong Chen ◽  
Efrat Dener ◽  
Ariel Altman ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Itamar Giladi
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Ability

scholarly journals Adapted dandelions trade dispersal for germination upon root herbivore attack

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1921) ◽  
pp. 20192930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Bont ◽  
Marc Pfander ◽  
Christelle A. M. Robert ◽  
Meret Huber ◽  
Erik H. Poelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Melolontha Melolontha ◽  
Herbivore Attack ◽  
Dispersal Potential ◽  
Root Herbivore

A plant's offspring may escape unfavourable local conditions through seed dispersal. Whether plants use this strategy to escape insect herbivores is not well understood. Here, we explore how different dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale agg.) populations, including diploid outcrossers and triploid apomicts, modify seed dispersal in response to root herbivore attack by their main root-feeding natural enemy, the larvae of the common cockchafer Melolontha melolontha. In a manipulative field experiment, root herbivore attack increased seed dispersal potential through a reduction in seed weight in populations that evolved under high root herbivore pressure, but not in populations that evolved under low pressure. This increase in dispersal potential was independent of plant cytotype, but associated with a reduction in germination rate, suggesting that adapted dandelions trade dispersal for establishment upon attack by root herbivores. Analysis of vegetative growth parameters suggested that the increased dispersal capacity was not the result of stress flowering. In summary, these results suggest that root herbivory selects for an induced increase in dispersal ability in response to herbivore attack. Induced seed dispersal may be a strategy that allows adapted plants to escape from herbivores.

scholarly journals Testing the competition-colonization trade-off and its correlations with functional trait variations among subtropical tree species

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Bin ◽  
Guojun Lin ◽  
Sabrina E. Russo ◽  
Zhongliang Huang ◽  
Yong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Neighborhood Models ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Colonization Ability

Abstract The competition-colonization trade-off, by which species can partition spatial niches, is a potentially important mechanism allowing the maintenance of species diversity in plant communities. We examined whether there was evidence for this trade-off among tree species in a subtropical forest and how it correlated with eight functional traits. We developed and estimated a metric for colonization ability that incorporates both fecundity and seed dispersal based on seed trap data and the sizes and distributions of adult trees. Competitive ability was estimated as survival probability under high crowding conditions based on neighborhood models. Although we found no significant relationship between colonization and competitive abilities, there was a significant negative correlation between long distance dispersal ability and competitive ability at the 5 cm size class. Colonizers had traits associated with faster growth, such as large leaves and low leaf lamina density, whereas competitors had traits associated with higher survival, such as dense wood. Our results imply that any trade-off between competition and colonization may be more determined by dispersal ability than by fecundity, suggesting that seed dispersal is an important contributor to diversity maintenance. Future work should test how competitive ability covaries with the components of colonization ability, as we did here.

scholarly journals Implications of lemuriform extinctions for the Malagasy flora

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (18) ◽  
pp. 5041-5046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Federman ◽  
Alex Dornburg ◽  
Douglas C. Daly ◽  
Alexander Downie ◽  
George H. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Case Basis

Madagascar’s lemurs display a diverse array of feeding strategies with complex relationships to seed dispersal mechanisms in Malagasy plants. Although these relationships have been explored previously on a case-by-case basis, we present here the first comprehensive analysis of lemuriform feeding, to our knowledge, and its hypothesized effects on seed dispersal and the long-term survival of Malagasy plant lineages. We used a molecular phylogenetic framework to examine the mode and tempo of diet evolution, and to quantify the associated morphological space occupied by Madagascar’s lemurs, both extinct and extant. Using statistical models and morphometric analyses, we demonstrate that the extinction of large-bodied lemurs resulted in a significant reduction in functional morphological space associated with seed dispersal ability. These reductions carry potentially far-reaching consequences for Malagasy ecosystems, and we highlight large-seeded Malagasy plants that appear to be without extant animal dispersers. We also identify living lemurs that are endangered yet occupy unique and essential dispersal niches defined by our morphometric analyses.

Invasion success of a habitat-forming marine invertebrate is limited by lower-than-expected dispersal ability

2015 ◽  
Vol 536 ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Teske ◽  
J Sandoval-Castillo ◽  
M Sasaki ◽  
LB Beheregaray
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Dispersal Ability
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