scholarly journals Determination of Underground Mineable Reserve with Regard to Metal Price Uncertainty and Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Somaye Narrei ◽  
Majid Ataee-pour
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Underground Mine ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Price Uncertainty ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Mine Layout ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

Mineable reserve determination is one of the important parameters in economic profitability and the safety of underground mining production. The fluctuations in the metal prices will lead to a change in the cut-off grade, and as a result, the mine layout and mineable reserve will change. On the other hand, changing the underground mine layouts will also change the economic, social and environmental impacts (sustainable development parameters). Therefore, ignoring metal price uncertainty lead to a non-optimal design. The aim of this paper is the determination of underground mineable reserve regarding metal price uncertainty and sustainable development. Metal price uncertainty is simulated with Monte Carlo technique and the most important sustainable development indicators are entered in the cut-off grade formula. In this way, four types of cut-off grades were defined. Based on these cut-offs four types of mine layouts are obtained. Basic, simulated, green and sustainable mine layout. Basic Mine layout is that obtained by normal design, simulated mine layout considers just metal price uncertainty, green mine layout considers metal price uncertainty and environmental criteria and sustainable mine layout considers metal price uncertainty and environmental and social criteria. Results from the use of this methodology in a hypothetical gold mine show that the mineable reserve in sustainable mine layout is 17 percent greater than the basic mine layout. Regarding the result, with this methodology in addition to consideration of metal price uncertainty and sustainable development criteria, the more mineable reserve will be achieved. For future research, in addition to using other price simulation methods; it is suggested that other indicators of sustainable development be included in determining the underground mine layout.

Sustainability Governance in Democracies

2015 ◽  
pp. 270-293
Author(s):  
Doris Wydra ◽  
Helga Pülzl
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The pursuit of sustainable development requires a political system that secures effective citizen participation in decision-making, an economic system that is able to generate surpluses on a sustained basis and a social system providing for a solution to tensions arising from disharmonious development; it recognizes also the rights of the individual to adequate conditions of life through balancing environmental, economic and social norms. Although international law is neutral towards different forms of government, increasingly democracy is regarded as the only form of government truly reflecting the “consent of the governed” and therefore being in accordance with the right of the self-determination of people and thus the basis for the realization of human rights. But the theoretical and practical linkage between democracy and sustainable development is still weak. Although there is a burgeoning literature on democratic mechanisms and sustainability, democracy is not regarded as prerequisite for sustainability. The authors argue in this paper that although sustainable development seemingly does not need democratic forms of governance as the values attached to SD could also be implemented in a non-democratic system, research on democracy, human rights and sustainable norms need to be better linked to each other in order to be able to implement the political requirements simultaneously. The authors propose an integrated approach that respects the ideas of sustainable development, as well as human rights and democratic forms of governance. Thus, the authors present different systems of democratic governance, sustainable development indicators systems as well as human rights systems. From there the authors develop ideal-type models that represent those ideas and develop an integrated approach to a democratic sustainable development system in accordance with human rights.

Sustainability Governance in Democracies

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-107
Author(s):  
Doris Wydra ◽  
Helga Pülzl
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The pursuit of sustainable development requires a political system that secures effective citizen participation in decision-making, an economic system that is able to generate surpluses on a sustained basis and a social system providing for a solution to tensions arising from disharmonious development; it recognizes also the rights of the individual to adequate conditions of life through balancing environmental, economic and social norms. Although international law is neutral towards different forms of government, increasingly democracy is regarded as the only form of government truly reflecting the “consent of the governed” and therefore being in accordance with the right of the self-determination of people and thus the basis for the realization of human rights. But the theoretical and practical linkage between democracy and sustainable development is still weak. Although there is a burgeoning literature on democratic mechanisms and sustainability, democracy is not regarded as prerequisite for sustainability. The authors argue in this paper that although sustainable development seemingly does not need democratic forms of governance as the values attached to SD could also be implemented in a non-democratic system, research on democracy, human rights and sustainable norms need to be better linked to each other in order to be able to implement the political requirements simultaneously. The authors propose an integrated approach that respects the ideas of sustainable development, as well as human rights and democratic forms of governance. Thus, the authors present different systems of democratic governance, sustainable development indicators systems as well as human rights systems. From there the authors develop ideal-type models that represent those ideas and develop an integrated approach to a democratic sustainable development system in accordance with human rights.

scholarly journals Ensaio de operacionalização de Indicadores de Desenvolvimento Sustentável por modelação geográfica

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (75) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Morgado
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Development Indicators ◽  
Development Concept ◽  
Geographic Modeling

PRACTICE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS BY GEOGRAPHIC MODELING. This article presents a proposal of how to put in practice the concept of sustainable development - that as been strictly seeing in a theoretical point of view, as well a tribune speech and with very imprecise conceptual boundaries – supported by the use of Geographic Information System (GIS). The exercise mentioned here it’s only the technical part of a more extensive project, it could be resume in three steps: 1) research – definition and enlightening of sustainable development concept, indicators definition, determination of theorist and methodological frame. 2) practice – identification and acquisition of important information, editing and validating information, creating a GIS project, definition and construction of sustainable development indicators, adaptation and conception of geographic model. 3) Analysis – collect and interpretation of geographic model results by confronting it to some theories claimed by important researchers. For the exercise setting up, as well to develop the conceptual methodology of casual model, GIS as been a fundamental instrument to acquire, integrate, manipulate, manage and visualize geographic information

Challenges of the Crisis: How to Measure Sustainable Development?

2015 ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bobylev ◽  
N. Zubarevich ◽  
S. Solovyeva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Development Indicators ◽  
Adjusted Net Savings

The article emphasizes the fact that traditional socio-economic indicators do not reflect the challenges of sustainable development adequately, and this is particularly true for the widely-used GDP indicator. In this connection the elaboration of sustainable development indicators is needed, taking into account economic, social and environmental factors. For Russia, adaptation and use of concepts and basic principles of calculation methods for adjusted net savings index (World Bank) and human development index (UNDP) as integral indicators can be promising. The authors have developed the sustainable development index for Russia, which aggregates and allows taking into account balanced economic, social and environmental indicators.

Sustainable Development Through Innovation In Service Sector

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Ilie Banu ◽  
Ioana Madalina Butiuc
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Slow Recovery ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Sustainable Development Indicators ◽  
Research And Innovation

AbstractRegarding the economic crises and the slow recovery that still continues, we believe that a solution can be improving the capacity to research and innovate in order to achieve sustainable development. Another key issue of the paper is about developing the cooperation between academia and business. The challenge of this development is how to increase the amount to finance research and innovation that can be implemented in the economy. As a global solution, to this problem we can recommend, for example, reducing tax evasion and by fiscal education. Also particular sources have to be found in order to develop innovation on SME level. It is essential for innovation to make quality research in order to be better prepared and increase adaptability to economic cycles. The aim of the paper is to find out how service innovation and cooperation between academia and business can enhance sustainable development indicators. The conclusions of the paper are structured in particular proposals and recommendations.

REGULATION URGENCY CONCERNING ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTION GUIDELINES IN SPACE ADMINISTRATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhmat Bowo Suharto
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Administrative Sanction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Welfare State

The spatial development can be supported by sustainable development, efforts are needed to divert space through the imposition of sanctions on administration in the spatial field. In the context of a legal state, sanctions must be taken while ensuring their legality in order to provide legal protection for citizens. The problem is, the construction of administrative regulations in Law No. 26 of 2007 and PP No. 15 of 2010 contains several weaknesses so that it is not enough to provide clear arrangements for administrative officials who impose sanctions. For this reason, an administration is required which requires administrative officials to request administrative approval in the spatial planning sector. The success of the regulation requires that it is the foundation of the welfare state principle which demands the government to activate people's welfare. 15 of 2010, the main things that need to be regulated therein should include (1) the mechanism of imposing sanctions: (2) determination of the type and burden of sanctions; and (3) legal protection and supervision by the region.

Conceptual Foundations of Environmental Marketing and Environmental Product

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-671
Author(s):  
D. V. Bagnyuk ◽  
A. V. Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Environmental Marketing ◽  
Qualitative Empirical Research ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Market Practices ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The presented study examines the concepts of “environmental marketing” and “environmental product”. The study attempts to conceptualize these terms in Russian language with allowance for the concept of sustainable development and the principles of the circular economy.Aim. The study aims to develop the conceptual foundations of environmental marketing and its derivative — environmental product, laying the groundwork for future research in specifying the concepts of “environmental marketing” and “environmental product”.Tasks. The authors examine the current state of environmental marketing and environmental product in Russia in terms of legislation and market practices; analyze the evolution of these concepts in foreign and Russian publications; systematize experience in this field; provide an original conceptualization of these terms; operationalize their key characteristics and features.Methods. This study is based on qualitative empirical research using such methods as content analysis, synthesis, formalization, and systematization. The theoretical and methodological approach of the study is based on the works of foreign and Russian scientists in the field of environmental marketing, the “green” approach to the promotion of goods, and sustainable enterprise development.Results. A research gap in the conceptualization of “environmental marketing” and “environmental product” in Russian language is identified. The authors provide an original interpretation of these concepts with allowance for the principles of sustainable development and “green” promotion.Conclusions. This study serves to elaborate on the scientific meaning of the concept of “environmental friendliness” applicable in marketing, changing the trend of the increasing number of products that fall under the definition of greenwashing. The published materials can be useful for environmental consultants, marketers, and representatives of legislative authorities in certifying products according to environmental standards.

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