scholarly journals Slug Frequency in Horizontal Pipeline Subject to a Sudden Contraction: State of the Art and Laboratory Testing Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibtissem Belgacem ◽  
Reda Mekhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Sudden Contraction ◽  
Testing Data

scholarly journals Decrease in Enteroviral Meningitis - An Unexpected Benefit of COVID-19 Mitigation?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kami D Kies ◽  
Amber S Thomas ◽  
Matthew J Binnicker ◽  
Kelli L Bashynski ◽  
Robin Patel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Enteroviral Meningitis

Abstract Enteroviral meningitis is seasonal, typically exhibiting a rise in prevalence in late summer/early fall. Based on clinical microbiology laboratory testing data of cerebrospinal fluid, the expected August/September/October peak in enteroviral meningitis did not occur in 2020, possibly related to COVID-19 mitigation strategies.

Exoskeletons

2019 ◽  
pp. 234-259
Author(s):  
Priyanshu Agarwal ◽  
Ashish D. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Exoskeleton Design

The past few decades have witnessed a rapid explosion in research surrounding robotic exoskeletons due to their promising applications in medicine and human performance augmentation. Several advances in technology have led to the development of more energy efficient and viable prototypes of these devices. However, despite this rapid advancement in exoskeleton technology, most of the developed devices are limited to laboratory testing and a very few of them are commercially available for human use. This chapter discusses the advances in various constituting technologies including actuation, sensing, materials, and controls that made exoskeleton research feasible. Also presented are case studies on two state-of-the-art robotic exoskeletons, Harmony and Maestro, developed for rehabilitation of the upper body. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the ongoing challenges in exoskeleton design and ethical, social, and legal considerations related to the use of these devices and the future of exoskeletons.

Deadbands Tell No Tails: X-56A Dynamic Actuation Requirements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Pankonien ◽  
Peter M. Suh ◽  
Jacob R. Schaefer ◽  
Robert M. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Ride Quality ◽  
Flight Testing ◽  
Nonlinear Simulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Aircraft Performance ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Significant Effort

Abstract Following significant effort over the past several years by AFRL and NASA, the X-56A flight vehicle has proven to be a useful platform for exploring controllers and distributed actuation on a flexible, swept flying-wing. The program sought to advance the state of the art in airworthiness for vehicles encountering flutter, leading to relaxed design constraints that could drastically decrease structural weight and improve aircraft performance. Specifically, the vehicle was designed to encounter different forms of flutter: body-freedom flutter, and wing-bending torsion flutter, making it an ideal candidate for identifying dynamic actuation challenges. Flight testing led to fundamental observations by controller designers about the actuation needs for such a vehicle. Namely, the small inherent actuator deadband led to significant constant-amplitude limit cycle oscillations of the system during post-flutter controlled flight. This work captures these observations by exploring theoretical changes in the actuators via a nonlinear simulation tuned with flight testing data and shows that a 60% reduction in actuator deadband can improve ride quality by nearly 50%. The results are combined into a set of actuation challenges for the adaptive structures community at large, including precise actuation for a large number of cycles over multiple timescales, with a relevant baseline described by original actuation system.

scholarly journals Bounding Uncertainty for Active Batch Selection

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 5240-5247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanmo Wang ◽  
Runwu Zhou ◽  
Yi-Dong Shen
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Screening Approaches

The success of batch mode active learning (BMAL) methods lies in selecting both representative and uncertain samples. Representative samples quickly capture the global structure of the whole dataset, while the uncertain ones refine the decision boundary. There are two principles, namely the direct approach and the screening approach, to make a trade-off between representativeness and uncertainty. Although widely used in literature, little is known about the relationship between these two principles. In this paper, we discover that the two approaches both have shortcomings in the initial stage of BMAL. To alleviate the shortcomings, we bound the certainty scores of unlabeled samples from below and directly combine this lower-bounded certainty with representativeness in the objective function. Additionally, we show that the two aforementioned approaches are mathematically equivalent to two special cases of our approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that tries to generalize the direct and screening approaches. The objective function is then solved by super-modularity optimization. Extensive experiments on fifteen datasets indicate that our method has significantly higher classification accuracy on testing data than the latest state-of-the-art BMAL methods, and also scales better even when the size of the unlabeled pool reaches 106.

scholarly journals Iterative Metric Learning for Imbalance Data Classification

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wang ◽  
Xibin Zhao ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Yue Gao
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Metric Learning ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Imbalance Data ◽  
Data Space ◽  
Software Defect ◽  
Training Samples ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Data Program

In many classification applications, the amount of data from different categories usually vary significantly, such as software defect predication and medical diagnosis. Under such circumstances, it is essential to propose a proper method to solve the imbalance issue among the data. However, most of the existing methods mainly focus on improving the performance of classifiers rather than searching for an appropriate way to find an effective data space for classification. In this paper, we propose a method named Iterative Metric Learning (IML) to explore the correlations among imbalance data and construct an effective data space for classification. Given the imbalance training data, it is important to select a subset of training samples for each testing data. Thus, we aim to find a more stable neighborhood for testing data using the iterative metric learning strategy. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we have conducted experiments on two groups of dataset, i.e., the NASA Metrics Data Program (NASA) dataset and UCI Machine Learning Repository (UCI) dataset. Experimental results and comparisons with state-of-the-art methods have exhibited better performance of our proposed method.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the WHO/NREVSS Influenza Surveillance System: The Challenges and Opportunities that Accompany Electronic Laboratory Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree Mustaquim
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Laboratory Surveillance ◽  
Over Time

The WHO/NREVSS Influenza laboratory surveillance system has been in use for ~40 years. Through multiple reporting methods, partner labs can share their influenza laboratory testing data to the Influenza Divsion at CDC. Over time, this system has evolved in complexity, and the most recent enhancement has been the addition of HL7 laboratory messaging through the Public Health Laboratory Interoperability Project. This reporting has been challenging to implement, but  has added great value to the system, including an increased potential for new data analyses, increased functionality, and a braoder use of the resulting data.

scholarly journals Clinical laboratory practices for the detection of rotavirus in England and Wales: can surveillance based on routine laboratory testing data be used to evaluate the impact of vaccination?

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Atchison ◽  
B A Lopman ◽  
C J Harris ◽  
C C Tam ◽  
M Iturriza Gómara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
The Impact

Two rotavirus vaccines have recently been licensed in Europe. Rotavirus surveillance data in many European countries are based on reports of laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections. If surveillance data based on routine laboratory testing data are to be used to evaluate the impact of vaccination programmes, it is important to determine how the data are influenced by differences in testing practices, and how these practices are likely to affect the ability of the surveillance data to represent trends in rotavirus disease in the community. We conducted a survey of laboratory testing polices for rotavirus gastroenteritis in England and Wales in 2008. 60% (94/156) of laboratories responded to the survey. 91% of reporting laboratories offered routine testing for rotavirus all year round and 89% of laboratories offered routine rotavirus testing of all stool specimens from children under the age of five years. In 96% of laboratories, rotavirus detection was presently done either by rapid immunochromatographic tests or by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Currently, rotavirus testing policies among laboratories in England and Wales are relatively homogenous. Therefore, surveillance based on laboratory testing data is likely to be representative of rotavirus disease trends in the community in the most frequently affected age groups (children under the age of five years) and could be used to help determine the impact of a rotavirus vaccine.

Establishing a direct laboratory access program

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
H B Soloway
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Physician Office Visit ◽  
Sole Purpose ◽  
Access Program

Abstract Direct Laboratory Access (DLA) refers to a program whereby individuals who wish to have laboratory testing performed can avail themselves of such testing independently of a physician referral. DLA benefits both physicians and consumers. Physicians benefit by not having to invest time and office resources for consumers who do not seek medical intervention but rather who visit physicians for the sole purpose of obtaining permission to have laboratory tests performed. Consumers benefit by avoiding physician encounters they do not want, by receiving state-of-the-art laboratory testing they do want, and by avoiding the added expense and inconvenience of a physician office visit. DLA appeals to an anxious, educated, and somewhat affluent niche market. The program fills a void in the provision of health services while providing a small stream of revenue for laboratories.

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