The impact of climate change on Australian Aboriginal hunter-gatherers and their response over the last 35,000 years.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan N. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In a recent article, I (and my colleagues) present models of population change for key regions across Australia over the last 35,000 years. We use these models to test an archaeological method (the use of numbers of radiocarbon dates as an indicator of human behaviour), explore the relationship of Aboriginal people and climate change, and to provide a status update for Australian archaeological research. We find that the archaeological technique is reliable, albeit with well-documented caveats that the user needs to be aware of. We find a close relationship between Aboriginal population and climate change for much of the last 35,000 years, with increasing divergence of the records in the last 6,000 years as numbers of people increase and techniques were developed to survive environmental shifts. We identify key areas of future research for the Australian archaeological community, including the need to fill spatial gaps across parts of the continent, and to focus on key temporal periods where significant change in society appears evident.

Fire, people and ecosystem change in Pleistocene Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Since the 1960s, Australian scientists have speculated on the impact of human arrival on fire regimes in Australia, and on the relationship of landscape fire to extinction of the Pleistocene megafauna of Australia. These speculations have produced a series of contrasting hypotheses that can now be tested using evidence collected over the past two decades. In the present paper, I summarise those hypotheses and review that evidence. The main conclusions of this are that (1) the effects of people on fire regimes in the Pleistocene were modest at the continental scale, and difficult to distinguish from climatic controls on fire, (2) the arrival of people triggered extinction of Australia’s megafauna, but fire had little or no role in the extinction of those animals, which was probably due primarily to hunting and (3) megafaunal extinction is likely to have caused a cascade of changes that included increased fire, but only in some environments. We do not yet understand what environmental factors controlled the strength and nature of cascading effects of megafaunal extinction. This is an important topic for future research.

scholarly journals Impact of Execution Planning on Agile Project Success with Mediating and Moderating Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 668-672
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Agile Methodology ◽  
Organization Effectiveness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The present study investigated the impact of execution planning on agile project success with the mediating role of information sharing and moderating role of organization effectiveness because of the highlighted importance of agile methodology in the project industry due to its interactive customer collaborative approach. For this purpose, data were collected from software industry in Pakistan who utilize agile methodology in their projects. 300 completed questionnaires were received from the distributed and 280 were utilized for data analysis. The results delineated that execution planning has positive and significant relationship with agile project success. Similarly, the results indicated that information sharing mediates the relationship between execution planning and agile project success. Furthermore, the data showed that organization effectiveness moderates the relationship of execution planning and information sharing. Lastly, we conclude with theoretical and practical implications as well as future research directions.

Exploring the Relationship of Shared Race/Ethnicity With Court Actors, Perceptions of Court Procedural Justice, and Obligation to Obey Among Male Offenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Baker
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Law ◽  
Hispanic Male ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Using survey data from a sample of White, Black, and Hispanic male offenders ( n = 311), this study examines whether the relationship between procedural justice and obligation to obey the law is substantiated among a sample of offenders. Further, this study explores the impact that sharing the race/ethnicity of the defense attorney, prosecutor, and judge in their most recent conviction has on male offenders’ perceptions of court procedural justice and their perceived obligation to obey the law. The findings reveal that male offenders who perceive the courts as more procedurally just report a significantly greater obligation to obey the law. In addition, Black and Hispanic offenders who shared the race/ethnicity of the prosecutor in their case perceived the courts as significantly more just. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Agriculture under Climate Change in the Northern Territories of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
A.S. Shcherbakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pair Correlation ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

A special report published in October 2018 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change on the effects of global warming at 1.5 °C caused another resonance among the scientific community, experts, politicians and ordinary people [20]. It has been prove that northern territories are most affect by climate change. Because of this report, it becomes relevant to study the impact of climate change on agriculture in the North, which is the most climate-dependent in comparison with other sectors of the economy. The work is devoted to assessing the impact of agro-climatic indicators on productivity and gross harvest of the main agricultural crops of some regions of the Far North and equivalent areas for 1960-2018. The analysis of the relationship of pair correlation between the yield of cereals, potatoes, vegetables and selected climatic indicators relating to the growing season is carry out. Agro-climatic resources for half a century of time in the studied regions are analyzed. Each region was considered in the context of the available meteorological stations and their climatic data.

scholarly journals Mapping ecological trends by keywords in the last 20 years

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background. An effective bibliometric analysis based on the Science Citation Index (SCI) published by the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) was carried out to identify the trend of ecological research between 1992 and 2016. Methods. This study emphases on the high-frequency keywords and their relationships to reveal the hotspots and developing trends of ecological research fields . Results. The result shows that the hotpots of ecology has changed a lot during the last 25 years, but some topics occupied an important position in ecological research consistently. Especially, “Biodiversity” and “Climate change” have been obtained more and more attention, so their ranks also have been changed greatly. As well as, we find that the relationship of the most frequently used keywords become more closely and complicated compared to before. Another interesting and amazing result shows that the keywords related to anthropogenic increased sharply. Finally, keywords analysis was an effective approach for mapping ecological research. We guess that anthropogenic keywords may be a potential guide for future research.

Work and nonwork engagements between life domains: Effects on subjective health and life satisfaction of employees across 53 nations varying in economic competitiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 147059582110340
Author(s):  
Atul Mitra ◽  
Michael Harris Bond ◽  
Qing Lu ◽  
Russell P Guay ◽  
Jason D Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Using the framework of role balance theory, the authors take a cross-national view of an employee’s engagement in the work and nonwork domains of life. Employing the World Values Survey (WVS) with a sample of 21,270 married employees from 53 nations, we find cross-national variations in the relationship of employees’ degree of work and nonwork domain engagements with their subjective health and satisfaction with life. To explore the impact of the national focus on motivation for economic productivity and innovation, we used a country’s global competitiveness index (GCI), predicting that a nation’s GCI would moderate the relationship of an employee’s work and nonwork domain engagements with both subjective health and life satisfaction. Overall, the results suggest that work–nonwork balance leads to better subjective health and higher life satisfaction only for married employees living in nations high in GCI; for married employees living in countries low in GCI, higher subjective health and life satisfaction resulted for those more highly engaged in nonwork life domains. Theoretical and methodological contributions are discussed, along with implications for future research on national culture concerning work and its impact on employed persons.

Coping with climate change in the tourism industry: a review and agenda for future research

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Hernandez ◽  
Gerard Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Current State ◽  
Institutional Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The two-way relationship between tourism and Climate Change has important economic and developmental implications for numerous regions worldwide. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the existing literature on the relationship between tourism and climate change in order to establish the current state of corporate and institutional responses in the tourism industry and to set out an agenda for research. Methodology: As this is a literature review paper, a comprehensive review was undertaken of the management journals and related topics. Findings: The global or overall impact of tourism on climate has received little attention by researchers. In general, the majority of companies are still in a preliminary phase in terms of implementing adaptation and mitigation measures. There is a requirement to examine the determinants of these strategies in organisations, as well as their associated outcomes. There is a need to examine tourist preferences in terms of activities and destinations, the impacts of climate change, and whether and how this affects tourist-consumer decision making. Academic research has focused mostly on specific and individual solutions to address the impact of climate change on tourism. The analysis of the interplay of these measures and their possible synergies constitute an important topic for future research. Originality: The timeliness of the review is evident given the recent surge in popular debate on climate change, its effects on tourism and the appearance of a broad and disparate array of studies on this topic.

scholarly journals Lean management as the innovative technology of an enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00008
Author(s):  
Sergey Komarov ◽  
Mariya Kudina ◽  
Gulnaz Suzdaleva ◽  
Dmitriy Shishkin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lean Management ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The paper is devoted to the problem of management of innovative activity of an enterprise on the basis of Lean technology. The study shows that there are no generally accepted theoretical models for understanding this relationship and its unambiguous assessment. The paper discusses a pilot study of the relationship of Lean management factors and innovative activity for large Russian enterprises taking into account their life cycle and type of innovation. The results of the study demonstrate the correlation between lean production and innovative activity of the enterprise. The conclusions on the impact of the type of enterprise (business), the stage of its life cycle and the type of innovation on this relationship are innovative and important. The study is aimed at testing the methodology of future research, the purpose of which is to build a mathematical model of such a relationship.

A critical review of relationship between corporate governance and firm performance: GCC banking sector perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamanna Abdul Rahman Dalwai ◽  
Rohaida Basiruddin ◽  
Siti Zaleha Abdul Rasid
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate existing studies on the relationship of corporate governance with firm performance in different regions and address the need for similar analysis for the Gulf Coperation Council (GCC) sector. The banking sector comprises the conventional and Islamic banks in the GCC sector and is important due to their ability to bring stability to this region. Existing studies that measure the relationship of GCC sector conventional banks and firm performance are limited. This study proposes a need for future research on corporate governance in the GCC region. Design/methodology/approach – This paper will review and analyze the different empirical and theoretical contributions in establishing the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance. Findings – This paper will create a focus for future research of measuring the impact of corporate governance mechanism on firm performance. The regulators will be encouraged to focus on more research studies for the GCC sector development in the field of corporate governance of the banking sector. Research limitations/implications – The existing studies are valid and practicable for the region under study, and the results need not be applicable for other business environments. In addition, the evolving business and economic environment have always brought about inconsistent conclusions; thus, the period of study can always give varied results. Practical implications – The analysis undertaken in this paper will address the literature gaps for the GCC banking sector and play an instrumental role for future studies by theoreticians and regulators. Originality/value – This paper identifies the literature gaps for the GCC region and analyses the most applicable existing studies that can be useful for the banking sector corporate governance improvement. This paper will create opportunities for the future researchers.

scholarly journals Mapping ecological trends by keywords in the last 20 years

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background. An effective bibliometric analysis based on the Science Citation Index (SCI) published by the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) was carried out to identify the trend of ecological research between 1992 and 2016. Methods. This study emphases on the high-frequency keywords and their relationships to reveal the hotspots and developing trends of ecological research fields . Results. The result shows that the hotpots of ecology has changed a lot during the last 25 years, but some topics occupied an important position in ecological research consistently. Especially, “Biodiversity” and “Climate change” have been obtained more and more attention, so their ranks also have been changed greatly. As well as, we find that the relationship of the most frequently used keywords become more closely and complicated compared to before. Another interesting and amazing result shows that the keywords related to anthropogenic increased sharply. Finally, keywords analysis was an effective approach for mapping ecological research. We guess that anthropogenic keywords may be a potential guide for future research.

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