Recovery of pure palladium compound from the spent electroplating solutions by hydrometallurgical method

Specific Heat of a Dilute Palladium-Cobalt Alloy and of Pure Palladium

Low Temperature Physics LT9 ◽

10.1007/978-1-4899-6443-4_90 ◽

1965 ◽

pp. 1071-1073 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. M. Boerstoel ◽

F. J. du Chatenier ◽

G. J. van den Berg

Keyword(s):

Specific Heat ◽

Cobalt Alloy ◽

Pure Palladium

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Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Merging Recycling Methods for Spent Lithium Ion Batteries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14196263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (19) ◽

pp. 6263

Author(s):

Zhiwen Zhou ◽

Yiming Lai ◽

Qin Peng ◽

Jun Li

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Lithium Ion Batteries ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Acid Leaching ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

H2o2 Production ◽

Life Cycle Impact ◽

Regeneration Phase ◽

Hydrometallurgical Method

An urgent demand for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is expected in the forthcoming years due to the rapid growth of electrical vehicles (EV). To address these issues, various technologies such as the pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical method, as well as the newly developed in-situ roasting reduction (in-situ RR) method were proposed in recent studies. This article firstly provides a brief review on these emerging approaches. Based on the overview, a life cycle impact of these methods for recovering major component from one functional unit (FU) of 1 t spent EV LIBs was estimated. Our results showed that in-situ RR exhibited the lowest energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 4833 MJ FU−1 and 1525 kg CO2-eq FU−1, respectively, which only accounts for ~23% and ~64% of those for the hydrometallurgical method with citric acid leaching. The H2O2 production in the regeneration phase mainly contributed the overall impact for in-situ RR. The transportation distance for spent EV LIBs created a great hurdle to the reduction of the life cycle impact if the feedstock was transported by a 3.5–7.5 t lorry. We therefore suggest further optimization of the spatial distribution of the recycling facilities and reduction in the utilization of chemicals.

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hydrometallurgical method

Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_82029 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 704-704

Keyword(s):

Hydrometallurgical Method

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Hydrogenetic, Diagenetic and Hydrothermal Processes Forming Ferromanganese Crusts in the Canary Island Seamounts and Their Influence in the Metal Recovery Rate with Hydrometallurgical Methods

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min9070439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 439 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Egidio Marino ◽

Francisco Javier González ◽

Thomas Kuhn ◽

Pedro Madureira ◽

Anna V. Wegorzewski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Canary Islands ◽

Recovery Rate ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Metal Recovery ◽

Critical Metals ◽

Total Recovery ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Ferromanganese Crusts ◽

Electron Probe Micro Analyzer ◽

Hydrometallurgical Method

Four pure hydrogenetic, mixed hydrogenetic-diagenetic and hydrogenetic-hydrothermal Fe-Mn Crusts from the Canary Islands Seamount Province have been studied by Micro X-Ray Diffraction, Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy together with high resolution Electron Probe Micro Analyzer and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry in order to find the correlation of mineralogy and geochemistry with the three genetic processes and their influence in the metal recovery rate using an hydrometallurgical method. The main mineralogy and geochemistry affect the contents of the different critical metals, diagenetic influenced crusts show high Ni and Cu (up to 6 and 2 wt. %, respectively) (and less Co and REY) enriched in very bright laminae. Hydrogenetic crusts on the contrary show High Co and REY (up to 1 and 0.5 wt. %) with also high contents of Ni, Mo and V (average 2500, 600 and 1300 μg/g). Finally, the hydrothermal microlayers from crust 107-11H show their enrichment in Fe (up to 50 wt. %) and depletion in almost all the critical elements. One hydrometallurgical method has been used in Canary Islands Seamount Province crusts in order to quantify the recovery rate of valuable elements in all the studied crusts except the 107-11H, whose hydrothermal critical metals’ poor lamina were too thin to separate from the whole crust. Digestion treatment with hydrochloric acid and ethanol show a high recovery rate for Mn (between 75% and 81%) with respect to Fe (49% to 58%). The total recovery rate on valuable elements (Co, Ni, Cu, V, Mo and rare earth elements plus yttrium (REY)) for the studied crusts range between 67 and 92% with the best results for Co, Ni and V (up to 80%). The genetic process and the associated mineralogy seem to influence the recovery rate. Mixed diagenetic/hydrogenetic crust show the lower recovery rate for Mn (75%) and Ni (52.5%) both enriched in diagenetic minerals (respectively up to 40 wt. % and up to 6 wt. %). On the other hand, the presence of high contents of undigested Fe minerals (i.e., Mn-feroxyhyte) in hydrogenetic crusts give back low recovery rate for Co (63%) and Mo (42%). Finally, REY as by-product elements, are enriched in the hydrometallurgical solution with a recovery rate of 70–90% for all the studied crusts.

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Environmentally friendly comprehensive hydrometallurgical method development for neodymium recovery from mixed rare earth aqueous solutions using organo-phosphorus derivatives

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74041-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Verónica Cristina Arellano Ruiz ◽

Rambabu Kuchi ◽

Pankaj Kumar Parhi ◽

Jin-Young Lee ◽

Rajesh Kumar Jyothi

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Method Development ◽

Neodymium Oxide ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Extractant Concentration ◽

Cyanex 272 ◽

Extraction Behavior ◽

Technology Applications ◽

Hydrometallurgical Method

Abstract Rare earth elements (REEs) have obtained a greatest significant in human lives owing to their important roles in various high technology applications. The present method development was deal technology important REEs such as neodymium, terbium and dysprosium, selective extraction with possible separation and recovery studies, successfully. The chloride mediated mixed aqueous solution containing 1500 mg/L each of REEs such as Nd, Tb and Dy was subjected at selective separation of Nd from other associated REEs. Three organo-phosphorous based commercial extracting agents such as Cyanex 272, PC 88A and D2EHPA, were employed for the extraction, possible separation and recovery of rare earth elements. A comparative extraction behavior of all these three extractants as function of time, pH influence, extractant concentration, temperature and diluents were systematically investigated. The extraction tendency of organo-phosphorus reagents towards the extraction of either of the REEs follows of the sequence as: D2EHPA > PC 88A > Cyanex 272. The thermodynamic behavior of either of the extractants on liquid–liquid extraction processing of REEs was investigated and thermodynamic calculations were calculated and presented. Substantial recovery of neodymium oxalate followed by its calcined product as neodymium oxide was ascertained from XRD study and SEM–EDS analysis.

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Effect of calcium modification on the microstructure and oxidation property of submicron spherical palladium powders

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1997.0056 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 392-397 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shenglei Che ◽

Osamu Sakurai ◽

Hiroshi Funakubo ◽

Kazuo Shinozaki ◽

Nobuyasu Mizutani

Keyword(s):

Solid Solution ◽

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis ◽

Mixed Solution ◽

Ultrasonic Spray ◽

Ca Addition ◽

Palladium Powder ◽

Palladium Particles ◽

Calcium Modification ◽

Form Solid Solution ◽

Pure Palladium

Ca-modified spherical palladium particles were prepared from the mixed solution of Pd(NO3)2 and Ca(NO3)2 by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. Pure palladium powder and that modified with less than 55 ppm Ca were composed of single crystal particles. However, Ca addition of more than 500 ppm resulted in polycrystalline particles. Crystallite size of the particles decreased with the increase of Ca addition and changed dramatically at the addition of some hundred ppm. Ca additive did not form solid solution with palladium but formed CaPd3O4 on the surface and grain boundary of the particles. 50 ppm−1% of Ca addition significantly reduced the oxidation of palladium powder. More addition of Ca resulted in excess oxidation due to the reaction between palladium and calcium oxide.

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