scholarly journals So many weeds, so many weedings (26) Weed control with non-selective foliar application herbicides in the wheat stubble fields in the Tokai region, Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
Seok Weon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Tokai Region

The Influence of Weed Management in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Stubble on Weed Control in Corn (Zea mays)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
John Cardina ◽  
Mark M. Loux
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Postharvest Treatment ◽  
Full Rate ◽  
Wheat Stubble

The objectives of this study were to determine how the timing of weed management treatments in winter wheat stubble affects weed control the following season and to determine if spring herbicide rates in corn can be reduced with appropriately timed stubble management practices. Field studies were conducted at two sites in Ohio between 1993 and 1995. Wheat stubble treatments consisted of glyphosate (0.84 kg ae/ha) plus 2,4-D (0.48 kg ae/ha) applied in July, August, or September, or at all three timings, and a nontreated control. In the following season, spring herbicide treatments consisted of a full rate of atrazine (1.7 kg ai/ha) plus alachlor (2.8 kg ai/ha) preemergence, a half rate of these herbicides, or no spring herbicide treatment. Across all locations, a postharvest treatment of glyphosate plus 2,4-D followed by alachlor plus atrazine at half or full rates in the spring controlled all broadleaf weeds, except giant ragweed, at least 88%. Giant foxtail control at three locations was at least 83% when a postharvest glyphosate plus 2,4-D treatment was followed by spring applications of alachlor plus atrazine at half or full rates. Weed control in treatments without alachlor plus atrazine was variable, although broadleaf control from July and August glyphosate plus 2,4-D applications was greater than from September applications. Where alachlor and atrazine were not applied, August was generally the best timing of herbicide applications to wheat stubble for reducing weed populations the following season.

Weed Control in Corn Planted into Untilled Winter Wheat Stubble 1

1982 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orvin C. Burnside ◽  
Gail A. Wicks
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Wheat Stubble

Interrelations of Tillage and Weed Control for Soybean (Glycine max) Production

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Webber ◽  
Harold D. Kerr ◽  
Maurice R. Gebhardt
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Soybean Plants

A 3-yr (1982, 1983, and 1984) study was conducted to determine the relationship between tillage and six weed control treatments for soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Williams 79′] production on silt loam (Udollic and Mollic Ochraqualfs). Conventional tillage consisted of spring moldboard plowing and secondary tillage with a combination tool just before planting. No-tillage consisted of a foliar application of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at the time of planting. Weed control treatments included combinations of no weed control with and without soybean plants, preemergence herbicide application only, postemergence herbicide application only, and combined preemergence and postemergence applications with and without additional handweeding. In 1982, a year of above-normal seasonal rainfall, conventional tillage had significantly greater soybean grain yields than no-tillage for all weed control treatments except the preemergence-only treatment. Yields within tillage systems and between weed control treatments in 1982 were not significantly different because adequate rainfall reduced the effect of weed competition for soil moisture. Soybean seed yields in 1983 and 1984 in no-tillage were equal to or significantly greater than those of conventional tillage. No-tillage treatments had greater soil moisture conservation and soil moisture availability resulting in less plant water stress during podfilling in periods of drought in 1983 and 1984. In all 3 yr, conventional tillage had significantly greater early weed growth than no-tillage in the treatments with and without soybean plants where no preemergence or postemergence herbicides were used. Comparing treatments with and without soybean plants indicated an average increase of 36 and 38% weed control for no-tillage and conventional tillage, respectively.

Weed Control and Crop Injury in Ecofallow Corn (Zea mays) Using Imazethapyr

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-754
Author(s):  
Gail A. Wicks ◽  
Garold W. Mahnken ◽  
Gordon E. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Control Option ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Better Than

Imidazolinone-resistant and -tolerant corn hybrids give growers a new weed control option. Field experiments were conducted in 1993 and 1994 to evaluate imazethapyr for controlling weeds in no-till corn planted into winter wheat stubble in a winter wheat–ecofallow corn rotation. Imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) and imidazolinone-resistant (IR) corn were protected genetically from injury by imazethapyr that was applied preplant, preemergence, or postemergence to ‘Pioneer Brand 3417,’ ‘Pioneer Brand 3417 IR,’ ‘ICI Seeds 8532,’ and ‘ICI Seeds 8532 IT’ hybrids. No difference in corn injury occurred between IR and IT corn. Imazethapyr applied to resistant or tolerant corn hybrids could be used to control weeds in ecofallow corn. Imazethapyr at 35 or 70 g ai/ha controlled triazine-resistant kochia better than the standard herbicide treatment of metolachlor plus cyanazine.

Selectivity and Site of Action in Relation to Field Performance of Diclofop

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. P. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail

In the greenhouse, the methyl ester of diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-diclorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} as a postemergence application at 1.1 kg/ha ai did not affect the growth of the seven dicotyledonous crops with the exception of slight injury to yellow [white] mustard(Brassica hirtaMoench). Of the 13 gramineous species, corn(Zea maysL.), green foxtail [Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.], oats(Avena sativaL.) wild oats(Avena fatuaL.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], and timothy(Phleum pratenseL.) were rated highly susceptible, while barley(Hordeum vulgareL.), bromegrass [smooth brome](Bromus inermisLeyss.), durum wheat(Triticum durumDesf.), intermediate wheatgrass [Agropyron intermedium(Host) Beauv.], Russian wild ryegrass(Elymus junceusFisch.), triticale(X TriticosecaleWittmack), and wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) were relatively tolerant. Residue of diclofop in the soil partially controlled green foxtail which was seeded 3 weeks after herbicide application. Whether applied to wild oat shoots or roots, diclofop affected the entire plant, but growth reduction was great when applied to the shoots. Field results confirmed that foliar application gave the best weed control resulting in larger wheat yield increases. Wild oat control was greatly enhanced when an adjuvant was added to diclofop. This enhanced herbicidal activity appeared to have no effect on tolerance of barley at 0.8 kg/ha nor wheat at 1.1 kg/ha. Increasing the temperature from 12 to 28 C decreased wild oat control from diclofop at 1.1 kg/ha. In the field, diclofop at rates ranging from 0.8 to 2.2 kg/ha gave good control of wild oats and green foxtail resulting in significantly increased wheat yield compared to the checks. However, barley yield increases were obtained only at the rates from 0.8 to 1.1 kg/ha, indicating that at the higher rates barley was less tolerant than wheat. The 0.6 kg/ha rate with an adjuvant gave adequate weed control and significant barley yield increases over the checks, when evaluated on five barley cultivars.

Weed Control in Ecofallow Corn (Zea mays) with Clomazone

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail A. Wicks ◽  
Gary W. Mahnken ◽  
Gordon E. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Better Than

Field studies were conducted from 1986 through 1989 to determine the feasibility of using clomazone in a winter wheat-corn-fallow rotation. Clomazone at 1.1 kg ai/ha did not control emerged downy brome in autumn nor did it control redroot pigweed and tumble pigweed that emerged after a spring application of paraquat at 0.6 kg ai/ha. However, clomazone plus atrazine at 0.6 plus 2.2 kg ai/ha provided weed control in winter wheat stubble from October to corn harvest 12 mo later. Corn yields from this treatment were equal to or greater than the conventional practice of applying atrazine plus glyphosate at 2.2 plus 0.4 kg ae/ha in the fall followed by a spring application of metolachlor plus dicamba at 2.8 ai plus 0.3 kg ae/ha. When kochia densities were high, clomazone plus atrazine controlled triazine-resistant kochia better than metolachlor plus dicamba. Atrazine at 2.2 kg/ha applied in autumn followed by clomazone at 0.8 kg/ha in April generally caused more corn injury than when the same rate of clomazone was applied in autumn with the atrazine. The percent of bleached corn plants varied with planter, year, time of application, and rate of clomazone applied. The optimum time to apply clomazone at 0.6 kg/ha was in autumn with atrazine. This treatment caused some corn bleaching but produced the highest corn yield over 3 yr. In a dry autumn and spring, less clomazone injury occurred with a planter equipped with row cleaners than those without. The injury pattern associated with planters was inconsistent when precipitation was average and no injury occurred in a wet autumn and spring.

Acetanilide Activity and Dissipation as Influenced by Formulation and Wheat Stubble

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Petersen ◽  
P. J. Shea ◽  
G. A. Wicks
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Laboratory and field research was conducted to determine the influence of winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) stubble on weed control and the dissipation of emulsifiable concentrate formulations (EC) of metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide], alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide], and acetochlor [2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)acetamide]; and microencapsulated formulations (ME) of alachlor and acetochlor. EC metolachlor provided better weed control than EC alachlor when applied 28 days before planting sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL.) and similar weed control when applied at 1 or 14 days before planting. This difference was attributed to more rapid EC alachlor dissipation. The order of relative herbicide persistence at 24 C and 33% (w/w) soil moisture in a silty clay loam was ME acetochlor = ME alachlor > EC metolachlor > EC acetochlor = EC alachlor. Acetanilide degradation was affected more by increasing temperature from 15 to 24 C than by increasing soil moisture from 15 to 33%. More herbicide was washed from overwintered than fresh straw in the first 1 cm of simulated rainfall. In the first simulated rainfall event, more herbicide was removed from straw that had been dry than wet at application, but the amount of herbicide remaining on dry and wet straw was similar after four events. Formulation generally did not affect herbicide wash-off.

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