CONTAMINAÇÃO POR ENTEROPARASITAS EM AREIA DE PRAÇAS E LOCAIS DE RECREAÇÃO DO MUNICÍPIO DE PORTO VELHO, RONDÔNIA, AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL, BRASIL

REVISTA FIMCA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Arlindo Gonzaga Branco Junior ◽  
Leo Christyan Alves Lima ◽  
Camila Fanzoni Souza ◽  
Adressa Pereira Carvalho ◽  
Priscila Aparecima Marques Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
The Public ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Porto Velho

Neste trabalho procurou-se avaliar a contaminação de areias de praças e locais de recreação de Porto Velho, RO, por helmintos e protozoários. Foram selecionadas 11 praças em diferentes bairros da cidade e coletadas amostras de areia de forma direta em sacos plásticos, encaminhadas e analisadas no laboratório de Parasitologia da Faculdade São Lucas através do método de Hoffman, Pons e Janer. Os resultados foram positivos para parasitas em cinco (45,5%) das praças analisadas, sendo identificados os parasitos Entamoeba Coli (100%), larvas de Ancylostoma spp foram encontradas em três praças (60%) e duas praças  apresentaram-se contaminadas por ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides (40%). Conclui-se, portanto, identificou-se parasitos que ameaçam a saúde pública nas amostras analisadas e com isso a necessidades de medidas mitigatórias dos riscos nas áreas estudadas. The aim of this research is evaluate the sand contamination by helminth and protozoan in squares in Porto Velho, RO. It was selected 11 squares in different districts and collected samples of sand directly in plastic bags. The samples were sent and analyzed at College São Lucas Parasitology Laboratory by Hoffman, Pons and Janer methodology. The result was positive for parasites in five (45,5%) analyzed squares, the parasites identified in this research were: Entamoeba coli (100%), Ancylostoma spp larvae were found in three squares (60%) and two squares were contaminated by eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (40%). Therefore, the conclusion is there were parasites that can threaten the public health in the analyzed samples and the government need to do the necessary interventions in those risk areas.

Contaminação por Enteroparasitas em Areia de Praças e Locais de Recreação do Município de Porto Velho, Rondônia, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil

REVISTA FIMCA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Arlindo Gonzaga Branco Junior ◽  
Leo Christyan Alves de Lima ◽  
Camila Fanzoni de Souza ◽  
Andressa Pereira de Carvalho ◽  
Priscila Aparecida Marques Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
The Public ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Porto Velho

Introdução: As geohelmintíases são classificadas como parasitoses intestinais ou enteroparasitoses, cujo ciclo evolutivo, necessariamente, precisa ocorrer em parte no solo, onde está a fonte de infecção contendo larvas e ovos, e finalmente em um hospedeiro. Objetivos: Neste trabalho procurou-se avaliar a contaminação de areias de praças e locais de recreação de Porto Velho, RO, por helmintos e protozoários. Materiais e Métodos: Foram selecionadas onze praças em diferentes bairros da cidade e coletadas amostras de areia de forma direta em sacos plásticos, encaminhadas e analisadas no laboratório de Parasitologia da Faculdade São Lucas através do método de Hoffman, Pons e Janer. Resultados: Os resultados foram positivos para parasitas em cinco (45,5%) das praças analisadas, sendo identificados os parasitos Entamoeba Coli (100%), larvas de Ancylostoma spp foram encontradas em três praças (60%) e duas praças apresentaram-se contaminadas por ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides (40%). Conclusão: Conclui-se que nas areias pesquisadas existem parasitos que ameaçam a saúde pública nas amostras analisadas e com isso a necessidades de medidas mitigatórias dos riscos nas áreas estudadas. ABSTRACTIntroduction: The geohelminthiases are classified as intestinal parasitoses or enteroparasitoses, whose evolutionary cycle necessarily needs to occur partly in the soil, where it is the source of infection containing larvae and eggs, and finally in a host. Objectives: To evaluate the contamination of the sand of squares and places of recreation of Porto Velho, RO, by helminths and protozoa. Materials and Methods: Eleven squares were selected in different districts and collected samples of sand directly in plastic bags. The samples were sent and analyzed at College São Lucas Parasitology Laboratory by Hoffman, Pons and Janer methodology. Results: The result were:” positive for parasites in five (45,5%) analyzed squares, the parasites identified in this research were Entamoeba Coli (100%), Ancylostoma spp in three squares (60%) and two squares contaminated by eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides (40%). Conclusion: It is concluded that in the sands surveyed, there were parasites that can threaten the public health in the analyzed samples and the government need to do the necessary interventions in those risk areas.  

Corrupt Practices in the Public Health Sector: A Focus on Metropolitan Local Government Areas of Kano State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mustapha Namadi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Sector ◽  
The Government

Corruption is pervasive in Nigeria at all levels. Thus, despite recent gains in healthcare provision, the health sector faces numerous corruption related challenges. This study aims at examining areas of corruption in the health sector with specific focus on its types and nature. A sample size of 480 respondents aged 18 years and above was drawn from the eight Metropolitan Local Government Areas of Kano State, using the multistage sampling technique. The results revealed evidence of corrupt practices including those related to unnecessary-absenteeism, diversion of patients from the public health facilities to the private sector, diverting money meant for the purchase of equipment, fuel and diesel, bribery, stealing of medications, fraud, misappropriation of medications and unjustifiable reimbursement claims. In order to resolve the problem of corrupt practices in the healthcare sector, the study recommended the need for enforcement of appropriate code of ethics guiding the conduct of the health professionals, adoption of anti-corruption strategies, and strengthening the government monitoring system to check corruption in public health sector in order to ensure equitable access to healthcare services among the under-privileged people in the society.

Funding models and expenditures with primary healthcare in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil metropolitan area

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Vivas ◽  
M Duarte ◽  
A Pitta ◽  
B Christovam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Healthcare Budget ◽  
Health Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The government investments in quality primary healthcare are the basis to strengthening the health systems and monitoring the public expenditure in this area is a way to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the public health policies. The Brazil Ministry of Health changed, in 2017, the method of onlending federal resources to states and cities seeking to make the public funds management more flexible. This change, however, suppressed mandatory investments in primary healthcare. This research aims to determine the difference of expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil metropolitan area before and after this funding reform, seeking to verify how it can impact the quality of primary healthcare services and programs. Methods This is an ecological time-series study that used data obtained in the Brazil Ministry of Health budget reports. The median and interquartile range of expenditures on primary healthcare (set as the percentage of total public health budget applied in primary care services and programs) of the 13 cities in the Salvador metropolitan area were compared two years before and after the reform. Results The median of expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador metropolitan area was 25.5% (13,9% - 32,2%) of total public health budget before and 24.8% (20.8% - 30.0%) of total public health budget after the reform (-0.7% difference). Seven cities decreased the expenditures on primary healthcare after the reform, ranging from 1.2% to 10.8% reduction in the primary healthcare budget in five years. Conclusions Expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador metropolitan area decreased after the 2017 funding reform. Seven of 13 cities reduced the government investments on primary healthcare services and programs in this scenario. Although the overall difference was -0.7%, the budget cuts ranged from 1.2% to 10.8% in the analyzed period and sample. More studies should assess these events in wide areas and with long time ranges. Key messages Public health funding models can impact the primary healthcare settings regardless of the health policy. Reforms in the funding models should consider the possible benefits before implementation. Funding models and methods that require mandatory investments in primary healthcare may be considered over more flexible ones.

scholarly journals UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PEMUTUSAN HUBUNGAN KERJA PEKERJA DI SEKTOR FORMAL BERDASARKAN KEADAAN MEMAKSA PANDEMI COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-161
Author(s):  
Steven Suprantio
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Business World ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Slowdown ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Necessity ◽  
Government Workers

The business world everywhere including those in Indonesia cannot but felt the brunt of economic slowdown caused by the public health emergency (the COVID 19 pandemic). Quite a few national and local businesses have had to close their operation and lay off all its employees. Although the consensus between the government, workers (individuals and unions) as well as employers is to prevent and avoid termination of employment at all costs, the Law No. 11 of 2020, re. Job Creation allows massive dismissal of employees due to economic necessity or state of emergency. This article shall critically examine how the prevailing law, Law No. 11 of 2020 re. Job Creation regulates termination of employment in case of state of emergency.  

Benzodiazepines Today and Tomorrow

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-215
Author(s):  
John J. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
The Public ◽  
Drug Substances ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
Effective Public Health

Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and related drugs are widely used for treating a variety of conditions (with varying degrees of evidence-base), but their long-term use (more than 2–4 weeks) can be problematic. They were originally thought (or claimed) to be nonproblematic substitutes for barbiturates, but it is now clear that they have their own set of problems. In addition, they are commonly, albeit ill-advisedly, co-prescribed or used nonmedically in combination with other drug substances. The result of such combinations, particularly with the opioids, can be lethal. Administrative and statutory actions notwithstanding, it appears that reducing problems with BZDs will depend on a comprehensive approach that includes improved education for patients, prescribers, regulators, insurers, and the public. First and foremost, however, there is a pressing need for the government to improve its drug-abuse data collection, specifically how it monitors drug-related morbidity and mortality. This chapter reviews the information that demonstrates how an understanding of all of the dynamics is essential for designing effective public-health strategies to reduce BZD-associated problems.

Public health challenges during the COVID-19 outbreak in Nepal: a commentary

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Sharma ◽  
Jeevan Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
The Government

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to depict the current scenario of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) in Nepal, how the government is tackling this pandemic as well as look at the public health challenges that Nepal is facing and might face in the future.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a viewpoint of COVID-19 activities conducted in Nepal.FindingsNepal is vulnerable to COVID-19, as it shares borders with China and India. Cases have started to be seen in different parts of Nepal. Government of Nepal has started various measures to control the spread of the virus such as deploying health workers, information sharing via different mediums. However, there are still many challenges that the government and public health officials need to be concerned about as well.Originality/valueThis paper provides information about the situation of COVID-19 in Nepal, how the government is handling, and public health challenges that may arise. This paper can be beneficial for further public health interventions.

scholarly journals Childhood detention during COVID-19 in Italy: building momentum for a comprehensive child protection agenda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Logar ◽  
Maggie Leese
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Response ◽  
The Government ◽  
Detention Facilities

Abstract Childhood detention represents an integral part of the public health response to the COVID-19 emergency. Prison conditions in Italy put detained minors at grave risk of contracting sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. To date (29 April 2020), the Italian penitentiary system is housing 161 minors (147 males), most of them in pre-trial custody, as well as 50 children <3 y of age residing with their mothers in detention. Furthermore, the government reported 5265 unaccompanied minor migrants, mainly from Gambia and Egypt. The fundamental approach to be followed in childhood detention during COVID-19 is prevention of the introduction of infectious agents into detention facilities, limiting the spread within the prison and reducing the possibility of spread from the prison to the outside community. This appears challenging in countries like Italy with intense SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The current COVID-19 pandemic shows the need to provide a comprehensive childhood protection agenda, as the provision of healthcare for people in prisons and other places of detention is a state responsibility.

scholarly journals Partnership for productive development of biosimilar products: perspectives of access to biological products in the Brazilian market

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton Aaron Scheinberg ◽  
Paulo Antonio Oldani Felix ◽  
Igor Age Kos ◽  
Maurício De Angelo Andrade ◽  
Valderilio Feijó Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Technological Transfer ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT The manufacturing process for biological products is complex, expensive and critical to the final product, with an impact on their efficacy and safety. They have been increasingly used to treat several diseases, and account for approximately 50% of the yearly budget for the Brazilian public health system. As the patents of biological products expire, several biosimilars are developed. However, there are concerns regarding their efficacy and safety; therefore, the regulatory agencies establish rules to approve and monitor these products. In Brazil, partnership programs between national government-owned companies and private technology holders have been implemented, aiming at knowledge sharing, capacity-building and technological transfer. Such partnerships locally promote manufacturing of these strategic drugs at reduced costs to the public health system. These agreements offer mutual advantages to both the government and patent holders: for the former, a biotechnological development flow is established and enables potential cost reduction and self-sufficient production; whereas for the latter, exclusive sales of the product are ensured during technological transfer, for a fixed period.

scholarly journals Public health and bioterrorism: renewed threat of anthrax and smallpox

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arūnė Wallin ◽  
Živilė Lukšienė ◽  
Kęstutis Žagminas ◽  
Genė Šurkienė
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Biological Weapons ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Anthrax Infection ◽  
The Government ◽  
Droplet Nuclei

Bioterrorism is one of the main public health categorical domains. According to sociological analytics, in postmodern society terrorism is one of the real threats of the 21st century. While rare, the use of biological weapons has a long history. Recently, anthrax has been evaluated as one of the most dangerous biological weapons. Naturally occurring anthrax in humans is a disease acquired from contact with anthrax-infected animals or anthrax-contaminated animal products. Usually anthrax infection occurs in humans by three major routes: inhalational, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal. Inhalational anthrax is expected to account for most serious morbidity and most mortality. The clinical presentation of inhalation anthrax has been described as a two-stage illness. Many factors contribute to the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis. Antibiotics, anthrax globulin, corticosteroids, mechanical ventilation, vaccine are possible tools of therapy. Smallpox existed in two forms: variola major, which accounted for most morbidity and mortality, and a milder form, variola minor. Smallpox spreads from person to person primarily by droplet nuclei or aerosols expelled from the oropharynx of infected persons and by direct contact. In the event of limited outbreak with few cases, patients should be admitted to the hospital and confined to rooms that are under negative pressure and equipped with high-efficiency particulate air filtration. In larger outbreaks, home isolation and care should be the objective for most patients. Progress in detection, suitable vaccines, postexposure prophylaxis, infection control, and decontamination might be serious tools in fight against the most powerful biological weapon. To assure that the public health and healthcare system can respond to emergencies, the government should direct resources to strengthen the emergency-response system, create medication stockpiles, and improve the public health infrastructure.

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