scholarly journals Cytoprotective effect of Terminalia chebula Retz against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation on Rat Pheochromocytoma Cell

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nirmala Jamarkattel-Pandit ◽  
Naba Raj Pandit ◽  
Kalpana Parajuli Baral ◽  
Hocheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Oxygen Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Cytoprotective Effect ◽  
Pheochromocytoma Cell

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scholarly journals Delta Opioid Peptide [d-Ala2, d-Leu5] Enkephalin (DADLE) Exerts a Cytoprotective Effect in Astrocytes Exposed to Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation by Inducing Autophagy

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyan Wang ◽  
Xiaoqiong Cao ◽  
Yale Duan ◽  
Guangming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Opioid Peptide ◽  
Autophagic Vacuole ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Oxygen Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Cytoprotective Effect ◽  
Bax Protein

Astrocytes protection and functional regulation are important strategies to protect against neuronal damage caused by ischemia. Activation of the delta opioid receptor (DOR) could reduce astrocytes damage, although the mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to test the effect of DOR activation on autophagy in astrocytes exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), and to further investigate whether this effect has a protective effect on astrocytes. Primary cultured rat cortical astrocytes were treated with various doses of [d-Ala2, d-Leu5]-Enkephalin (DADLE, a selective DOR agonist) followed by 6 h OGD. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase release. Autophagic vacuole was analyzed with LC3 immunofluorescent staining. The levels of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by western blot. Results demonstrated that treatment with 10 nM DADLE was sufficient to increase cell viability and induced autophagy in astrocytes. The DADLE-induced autophagy displayed a cytoprotective effect on astrocytes. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor) reversed the protective effect of DADLE. Naltrindole (a DOR antagonist) only partially antagonized the role of DADLE, which indicated that DADLE might have a cytoprotective mechanism independent of DOR. Further results showed that DADLE significantly enhanced the level of Bcl-2 protein and reduced the level of Bax protein in astrocytes exposed to OGD. Our results suggest a novel mechanism in which DADLE induces autophagy in astrocytes and exerts cytoprotective effects by inhibiting apoptosis.

Cytoprotective effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in rat brain slices subjected to reoxygenation after oxygen–glucose deprivation

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio López-Villodres ◽  
José Pedro De La Cruz ◽  
Javier Muñoz-Marin ◽  
Ana Guerrero ◽  
José Julio Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Oxygen Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Cytoprotective Effect ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs

Resveratrol Reduces Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Activity Induced by Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation in Human Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahide Cavdar ◽  
Mehtap Y. Egrilmez ◽  
Zekiye S. Altun ◽  
Nur Arslan ◽  
Nilgun Yener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Oxygen Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial

The main pathophysiology in cerebral ischemia is the structural alteration in the neurovascular unit, coinciding with neurovascular matrix degradation. Among the human matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-2 and -9, known as gelatinases, are the key enzymes for degrading type IV collagen, which is the major component of the basal membrane that surrounds the cerebral blood vessel. In the present study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and gelatinases (MMP-2 and -9) in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells exposed to 6 hours of oxygen-glucose deprivation and a subsequent 24 hours of reoxygenation with glucose (OGD/R), to mimic ischemia/reperfusion in vivo. Lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly, in comparison to that in the normoxia group. ROS was markedly increased in the OGD/R group, compared to normoxia. Correspondingly, ROS was significantly reduced with 50 μM of resveratrol. The proMMP-2 activity in the OGD/R group showed a statistically significant increase from the control cells. Resveratrol preconditioning decreased significantly the proMMP-2 in the cells exposed to OGD/R in comparison to that in the OGD/R group. Our results indicate that resveratrol regulates MMP-2 activity induced by OGD/R via its antioxidant effect, implying a possible mechanism related to the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol.

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